Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Flashcards
What are the 4 pulmonary vascular problems she wants us to know?
Pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary hemorrhage syndromes
What is a saddle PE?
Straddles the main pulmonary arterial trunk at its bifurcation
In what setting do we see bone marrow embolism?
Trauma or surgery
What shape of lesion is a pulmonary infarction and what is the evolution of the tissue while it is going through the infarction?
Wedge shape.
Starts off as hemorrhagic and then leads to fibrosis. Red to white.
How do we define pulmonary HTN?
Mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 25, 10 is normal.
What are the 5 classifications of pulmonary HTN?
- Primary
- Secondary to left heart failure
- Secondary to chronic pulmonary parenchymal disease of hypoxia
- Secondary to thromboembolic pulmonary disease
- Multifactorial
How do we characterize pulmonary HTN?
Atherosclerosis of pulmonary trunk, smooth muscle hypertrophy of pulmonary arteries, and intimacy fibrosis
What is the typical lesion seen with long standing, severe PHTN?
Plexiform lesion.
What does pulmonary HTN lead to and present with?
Right ventricular hypertrophy and right sided failure.
Presents with exertional dyspnea or right sided failure is severe.
What is the gene mutation in patients with familial pulmonary HTN?
BMPR2
What are the three pulmonary hemorrhage syndromes?
Goodpasture, poylangiitis with granulomatosis, and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
How do we characterize goodpsasture syndrome and what is the problem here?
Autoantibodies against collagen 4. So there is inflammatory destruction of the basement membrane in the renal glomeruli and pulmonary alveoli causing RPG and necrotizing hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonitis
How do we characterize idiopathic pulmonary hemo?
Don’t know whats causing it, but there is diffuse alveolar hemorrhaging.
