Lung Tumors 1

Question 1

What are the top 3 tumors in the lung

Answer 1

Carcinomas, bronchial carcinoids and mesnchymal

Question 2

What are the top 4 carcinomas of the lung

Answer 2

Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell, small cell, and large cell

Question 3

What mutation are we dealing with in adenocarcinoma

Answer 3

gain of function Egfr- RAS pathway

Question 4

What mutation are we dealing with in small cell carcinoma

Answer 4

Tp53 and rb1 loss

Question 5

What two mutations are going on in squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 5

Cdkn2a inactivation and tp53

Question 6

What are the three progressions toward primary adenocarcinoma

Answer 6

Alveolar bronchial epi cell’s turning into atypical adenomatous hyperplasia going to adenocarcinoma in situ then to primary adenocarcinoma

Question 7

What are the three progressions leading to primary squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 7

Bronchial epi cell’s going to squamous hyperplasia going to in situ going to primary squamous cell carcinoma

Question 8

What Are the two progressions going to primary small cell carcinoma

Answer 8

Neuroendocrine epi cell’s going to neuroendocrine hyperplasia going to primary small cell carcinoma

Question 9

What is the size of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ

Answer 9

Less than 5 mm and less than 3 cm

Question 10

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma is the most common what

Answer 10

Lung cancer in smokers and non smokers

Question 11

What does histo show of in lung adenocarcinoma

Answer 11

Malignant glands invading the lung tissue

Question 12

What can mimic pneumonia and why

Answer 12

Mucinous adenocarcinoma because it spreads via aerogenously and the entire lobe can be consolidated

Question 13

What gender is more commonly affected by squamous carcinoma and what is the strong Association and what part of the lung is mostly affected

Answer 13

Men, smoking, central

Question 14

What is the histo feature for squamous cell

Answer 14

Keratin pearls which are cells with tons of eosinophils in their cytoplasms

Question 15

What is the cytology marker for squamous carcinoma

Answer 15

Orange cytoplasm equals keratin which equals squamous cell

Question 16

What is small cell carcinoma always associated with and what is a unique feature of it that has treatment implications

Answer 16

Always associated with smoking. High rate of metastasis

Question 17

Two histo features of small cell

Answer 17

Small cells with fine blue nuclear chromatin and necrosis

Question 18

Immunochemistry of small cell demonstrates high levels of what

Answer 18

Bcl2

Question 19

What 3 molecular tests do we do for adenocarcinoma

Answer 19

Egfr, all, and PDL 1

Question 20

What syndrome is associated with squamous carcinoma

Answer 20

Hypercalcemia

Question 21

What 2 syndromes are associated with small cell carcinoma

Answer 21

Siadh and Cushing

Question 22

What does t, n and m means for staging of lung cancer

Answer 22

T is depth n is lymph node involvement and m is spreading

Question 23

What are the 4 most common clinical symptoms of patients with lung cancer

Answer 23

Cough, chest pain, dyspnea and weight loss

Question 24

What syndrome is associated with apical lung cancers? what are the 4 symptoms of the syndrome? What other nerve can be damaged in apical lung cancers?

Answer 24

Hornets syndrome. Sunken eye ball, drooping of the eyelid, small pupil and no sweating on that side of the face. Ulnar nerve.