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CVPR Pulmonary (Exam 3) > Pulmonary Phys Exam > Flashcards

Pulmonary Phys Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Normal breath sounds are called _____, meaning soft and low pitched.

A

vesicular

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1
Q

What is another name for crackles?

A

rales

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1
Q

Stridor represents pathology in _____.

A

the upper airway

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2
Q

What causes resonance to percussion?

A

increased air in the lung

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3
Q

______ and _______ breath sounds are abnormal when heard over the peripheral lung tissue.

A

Bronchovesicular; bronchial

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4
Q

What causes the trachea to be pulled towards one side?

A
  • volume loss due to focal scarring/fibrosis
  • atelectasis
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4
Q

Normal breath sounds are called vesicular, meaning _______.

A

soft and low pitched

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5
Q

These are the palpable vibrations transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall when the patient speaks.

A

Fremitus

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5
Q

These breath sounds are high pitched and ordinarily heard over the trachea.

A

bronchial

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6
Q

Breath sounds that are soft and low pitched (vesicular) are ______.

A

normal

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7
Q

What can cause decreased fremitus?

A
  • excess air in the lungs (emphysema, pneumothorax)
  • fluid in the pleural space (pleural effusion)
  • atelectasis due to an obstructed bronchus
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8
Q

Bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds heard in the peripheral lung suggest _______.

A

the replacement of air-filled lung with solid tissue or fluid

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9
Q

______ typically occurs due to laryngeal pathology such as laryngospasm or laryngeal edema, subglottic stenosis, or vocal cord dysfunction.

A

Inspiratory stridor

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10
Q

______ typically represents central airway obstruction within the thorax, such as a tumor obstructing the trachea.

A

Expiratory stridor

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12
Q

What is Fremitus?

A

the palpable vibrations transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall when the patient speaks

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12
Q

Bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds are abnormal when ______.

A

heard over the peripheral lung tissue

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13
Q

What causes the trachea to be pushed away from one side?

A
  • large pleural effusion
  • tension pneumothorax
13
Q

How do you test for egophany?

A

have the pt say EEEE but listen for it to change to AAAA while auscultating

14
Q

What causes crackles/rales?

A

disruptive airflow through the small airways; discontinuous and usu with inspiration

15
Q

What are bronchial breath sounds?

A

high pitched and ordinarily heard over the trachea

16
Q

What are rhonchi?

A

rumbling (or snoring) sounds that are more continuous

18
Q

Bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds are ______ when heard over the peripheral lung tissue.

A

abnormal

19
Q

Expiratory stridor typically represents ______ within the thorax, such as ______.

A

central airway obstruction; a tumor obstructing the trachea

20
Q

What are musical sounds typically audible without a stethoscope and can be either inspiratory or expiratory?

A

stridor

21
Q

This breath sound is moderate in pitch and intensity, heard during inspiration, over the major bronchi.

A

bronchovesicular

22
Q

Dullness to percussion can indicate what problems?

A
  • large pleural effusions
  • lobar pneumonia
  • areas of atelectasis
23
Q

What is stridor?

A

musical sounds typically audible without a stethoscope and can be either inspiratory or expiratory

24
Q

Post-operative atelectasis usually presents as ______.

A

bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds over the lower lobes

25
Q

What causes dullness to percussion?

A

when fluid or solid tissue replaces air-containing lung or occupies the pleural space beneath your percussing fingers

26
Q

What causes egophany?

A

areas of compressed or fluid filled areas of the lung

28
Q

What are bronchovesicular breath sounds?

A

moderate in pitch and intensity, heard during inspiration, over the major bronchi

29
Q

Stridor = ?

A

an emergency

31
Q

Pneumonia will have _____ breath sounds.

A

bronchial breath sounds with dullness, egophony, and crackles

32
Q

What sounds is made by air passing through an airway partially obstructed by mucous or secretions?

A

rhonchi

34
Q

What is atelectasis?

A

lung collapse

35
Q

What diseases are associated with crackles/rales?

A
  • pulmonary edema
  • pneumonia
  • interstitial lung disease
36
Q

What causes rhonchi?

A

passage of air through an airway partially obstructed by mucous or secretions

38
Q

What can cause increased fremitus?

A

consolidation in the lung

39
Q

What disease is associated with egophany?

A

pneumonia

40
Q

What is another name for rales?

A

crackles

41
Q

An obstructing lesion in the bronchus would have ______ breath sounds.

A

dullness and absent

42
Q

Inspiratory stridor typically occurs due to laryngeal pathology such as _____, _____, _____, or ______.

A

laryngospasm, laryngeal edema, subglottic stenosis, or vocal cord dysfunction

CVPR Pulmonary (Exam 3) (42 decks)

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