Mechanism of Breathing/Compliance Flashcards
This is a disease caused by the infiltration of connective tissue.
fibrosis
The most important ______ muscle is the diaphragm, which is innervated solely from the ______ nerves.
inspiratory; phrenic
_______ is a disease caused by the loss of elastic tissue, which results in high lung compliance.
Emphysema
The most important inspiratory muscle is the _____, which is innervated solely from the phrenic nerves.
diaphragm
The lungs have ______ at their volume at rest, so that it is easier for them to inflate during normal breathing. At high volumes, the ______ decreases, making expansion more difficult.
high compliance; compliance
A high compliance will provide less elastic recoil pressure, making it difficult to _____.
expire
What is the pressure outside the lung called?
the intrapleural pressure (PIP)
What is transpulmonary pressure (PTP)?
the difference between PL and the intrapleural pressure PIP (PTP = PL - PIP) the driving force for changing lung volume during breathing
The inherent tendency of the lung to recoil back toward its intrinsic equilibrium position produces a transient positive pressure inside of lung, often referred to as a lung’s ______.
elastic recoil pressure
Compliance, C, provides a measure of the _____ of the lung.
elastic properties
Fibrosis is associated with _____ compliance.
low
Emphysema is a disease caused by _______, which results in high lung compliance.
the loss of elastic tissue
What are the chest wall abnormalities that cause respiratory problems from changed compliance?
abnormalities of the bony thorax abnormalities of the soft tissue (obesity) old age
During inspiration, air flows into the lung because the lung pressure becomes negative with respect to Pmouth (always at atmospheric pressure), while during expiration, air flows out of the lung because ______.
the lung pressure becomes positive with respect to Pmouth
Emphysema is a disease caused by the loss of elastic tissue, which results in ______ compliance.
high
