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Assessment > Psychosis > Flashcards

Psychosis Flashcards

1
Q

Most common symptom of schizophrenia as found by the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia

A

Lack of insight

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2
Q

St Louis or Feighner criteria for schizophrenia/Washington University Criteria - 1972

A

A. At least 6 months of symptoms AND absence of symptoms to qualify for an affective disorder in the same time period
B. Delusions or hallucinations without significant perplexity OR difficult to understand speech due to a lack of logical or understandable organisation
C. THREE OF (or two of for ‘probable schizophrenia’
- Single
- Poor premorbid social adjustment or work history
- Family history of schizophrenia
- Absence of alcoholism or drug use within one year
- Onset prior to age 40

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3
Q

Three aspects to the NIMH Research Diagnostic Criteria for schizophrenia that predated DSM III

A

Symptom criterion
Duration criterion
Exclusion criterion

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4
Q

Schneider first rank symptoms of schizophrenia

A 
Running commentary
Thought echo
Voices heard arguing or referring to themselves in the third person
Thought insertion
Thought withdrawal
Thought broadcast
Delusional perception (true perception with a false meaning attached)
Somatic passivity
Made affect
Made volition
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5
Q

Duration criterion of the NIMH Research Diagnostic Criteria for schizophrenia

A

At least 2 weeks

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6
Q

Length of symptoms required for to meet ICD 10 or ICD 11 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia

A

1 month

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7
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by delusions or auditory hallucinations

A

Paranoid

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8
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by disorganised speech or behaviour and flat affect, with markedly impaired social functioning

A

Hebephrenic

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9
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by motor immobility or excessive mobility, mutism, echolalia or posturing

A

Catatonic

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10
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by acute onset, episodic course and complete remission between episodes

A

Catatonic

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11
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia more common in developing countries

A

Catatonic

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12
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by previous full blown acute episode, with ongoing negative symptoms and less clear cut positive symptoms e.g. odd beliefs rather than delusions

A

Residual

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13
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by insidious development of negative symptoms without positive symptoms

A

Simple

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14
Q

ICD 10 subtype of schizophrenia characterised by insidious onset, and then severe deterioration over time without remission or recovery

A

Hebephrenic

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15
Q

ICD duration criteria for schizophrenia (and simple schizophrenia)

A

1 month

1 year for simple schizophrenia

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16
Q

ICD 11 requirements for schizophrenia

A

TWO OF
- Persistent delusions
- Persistent hallucinations
- Disorganised thinking
- Experiences of influence, passivity or control
- Negative symptoms
- Disorganised behaviour
- Psychomotor disturbances
FOR ONE MONTH OR MORE WITH AT LEAST ONE OF THE FIRST FOUR
AND not a manifestation of another medical condition

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17
Q

DSM IV and V duration criteria for schizophrenia

A

1 month of characteristic symptoms

6 months of social/occupational dysfunction

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18
Q

Duration requirements for ICD 11 diagnosis of acute and transient psychotic disorder

A

No longer than 3 months
Most commonly lasts a few days to one month
Progressing from a non-psychotic state to a clearly psychotic state within 2 weeks

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19
Q

Classification system which uses a dimensional method to rate the severity of schizophrenia, with 8 different dimensions e.g. delusions, depression, abnormal cognition

A

DSM V

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20
Q

Type of delusions counted towards delusional disorder in ICD 10 vs. ICD 11

A

In ICD 10 delusions must be ‘non-bizarre’; in ICD 11 this requirement is not present

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21
Q

Affect on daily functioning with delusional syndrome

A

Not significantly impaired

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22
Q

ICD 11 requirements for a diagnosis of delusional disorder

A

Delusion or set of related delusions for at least 3 months
Stable although can evolve for each individual
Absence of clear and persistent hallucinations
Affect, speech and behaviour unaffected apart from where directly related to the delusion(s)
Not a manifestation of another condition

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23
Q

Delusional disorder characterised by a conviction that someone is secretly in love with the patient

A

Erotomania/de Clerambault syndrome

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24
Q

Most common sex to suffer from erotomania

A

Females

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25
Q

Most common sex to suffer from erotomania in the forensic population

A

Male

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26
Q

Personality disorder categorised within the schizophrenia category in ICD 10 and ICD 11

A

Schizotypal

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27
Q

Delusional disorder characterised by a belief that a patient has a special role, special abilities or special relationship to someone - often related to religion or social organisations

A

Grandiosity

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28
Q

Delusional disorder characterised by a delusion of infidelity by the patient’s partner. May lead to attempting to restrict their partner’s activities and contributes to domestic violence and homicide

A

Jealousy/Othello syndrome

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29
Q

Delusional disorder characterised by the belief that someone is trying to hurt the patient

A

Persecutory

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30
Q

Delusional disorder characterised by delusional concerns about the patient’s body. Can include concerns about a bodily infestation, odour or deformity

A

Somatic

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31
Q

Classification system which divides delusional disorders into subtypes

A

DSM

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32
Q

Type of delusional disorder where there are shared delusions between two (or occasionally more) people who are emotionally close - one person has genuine delusions due to an underlying disorder

A

Induced delusional disorder/folie-à-deux

33
Q

Usual course of induced delusional disorder when the people involved are separated

A

One retains the delusions, the other loses them

34
Q

ICD 11 requirements for schizoaffective disorder

A

All diagnostic requirements for schizophrenia met concurrently with mood symptoms
Onset of psychotic and mood symptoms is within a few days of each other
Duration of at least one month for both mood and psychotic symptoms
Not a manifestation of another medical condition

35
Q

Type of delusions often seen in schizoaffective disorder that would differentiate it from a psychotic depression

A

Mood incongruent delusions

36
Q

Type of delusions often seen in schizoaffective disorder that would differentiate it from a psychotic depression

A

Mood incongruent delusions

37
Q

Psychotic disorder classified in ICD 10 but not ICD 11 with sudden onset psychosis, polymorphous delusions and hallucinations, clouded consciousness, rapid return to premorbid level of functioning and if relapses do occur they are separated by symptom-free intervals

A

Bouffée délirante

38
Q

Psychiatrist who differentiated between ‘process’ shizophrenia with a poor prognosis, and ‘schizophreniform’ psychosis, with a good prognosis

A

Langfeldt

39
Q

True diagnosis of most of Langfeldt’s ‘schizophreniform’ psychotic patients

A

Affective disorder with psychosis

40
Q

Term for episodic psychoses with full recovery between episodes, more common in women and associated with the postpartum period. Characterised by mood swings, confusion, mobility disturbance and overwhelming anxiety.

A

Cycloid psychosis

41
Q

DSM subtype of schizophrenia which does not exist in ICD 10

A

Disorganised

42
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A 
Delusions
Hallucinations
Formal thought disorder
Bizarre behaviour
Inappropriate affect
43
Q

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A 
Poverty of speech (alogia)
Blunted/flattened affect
Avolition
Apathy
Anhedonia
Poor attention
44
Q

In post-schizophrenic depression the most recent relapse should be within

A

12 months

45
Q

Chapter schizoaffective disorders are found in ICD 10 and ICD 11

A

Schizophrenia

46
Q

Dream-like state associated with catatonic schizophrenia

A

Oneiroid state

47
Q

Medical causes of catatonia

A 
Hypercalcaemia
Hepatic encephalopathy
Brain tumours
Parkinsonism
Encephalitis
48
Q

Drug causes of catatonia

A

Neuroleptic medication

Phencyclidine - used as a veterinary anaesthetic and in hallucinogenic recreational drugs

49
Q

Factors associated with a poor prognosis in schizophrenia

A 
Early or insidious onset
Male sex
Negative symptoms
Long duration of untreated psychosis
Family history of schizophrenia
Continued substance misuse
Low IQ of socioeconomic status
50
Q

Percentage of patients with an acute episode of schizophrenia who display at least one first rank symptom

A

50%

51
Q

Percentage of patients with schizophrenia who never display a first rank symptom

A

20%

52
Q

Percentage of patients with psychosis but not schizophrenia who display a first rank symptom

A

10%

53
Q

The basic symptoms of autism according to Bleuler

A

Loosening of associations
Disturbances of affectivity
Ambivalence
Autism

54
Q

Subtypes of schizophrenia in DSM V

A

None - all subtypes removed

55
Q

Subtypes of schizophrenia in ICD 11

A

None - all subtypes removed

56
Q

Most common cause of hallucinations in the community

A

Sleep disorders

57
Q

Most common sign of catatonia among psychiatric inpatients

A

Mutism

58
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia according to the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness

A

41-43%

59
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in female patients with schizophrenia according to the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness

A

52-54%

60
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in male patients with schizophrenia according to the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness

A

36-37%

61
Q

Sex more likely to suffer late onset psychosis

A

Female

62
Q

Type of psychosis associated with sensory impairment, particularly hearing impairment

A

Late onset psychosis

63
Q

Type of schizophrenia no longer diagnosed which was inappropriately diagnosed in political dissidents in the USSR

A

Sluggish schizophrenia

64
Q

Substance which has been shown to increase the risk of psychosis when used in adolescence

A

Cannabis

65
Q

Aetiological factors in the development of schizophrenia

A 
Family history
Obstetric complications
Maternal and childhood infections
Maternal malnutrition
Winter birth
Increasing paternal age
Delayed developmental milestones
Substance misuse especially cannabis
Migration
Urban living
66
Q

Subtypes of schizophrenia in DSM V

A

None - have been removed

67
Q

Number of specified symptoms required for a schizophrenia diagnosis in DSM IV

A

One

68
Q

Number of specified symptoms required for a schizophrenia diagnosis in DSM V

A

Two

69
Q

Time frame when postpartum psychosis is most common

A

2-14 days after giving birth

70
Q

Subtype of schizophrenia which has been removed from DSM IV

A

Simple

71
Q

Time delusions need to be present for a diagnosis of persistent delusional disorder

A

At least one month

72
Q

Diagnoses persistent delusional disorder cannot be diagnosed alongside

A

Paranoid schizophrenia

Dementia

73
Q

Minimum length of time antipsychotics should be continued in the maintenance phase of schizophrenia

A

At least one year

74
Q

Sex more affected by late onset schizophrenia

A

Female

75
Q

Type of psychosis often associated with sensory impairment

A

Late onset

76
Q

Increased mortality rate of patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population

A

2-3x increase in incidence

77
Q

Life expectancy of patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population

A

10 years less

78
Q

Percentage of patients with schizophrenia who complete suicide

A

10%

Assessment (22 decks)

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