Psychoactive substance use disorders

Question 1

Type of psychoactive substance disorder characterised by a transient change in level of consciousness, cognition or other other function caused by consumption of a substance

Answer 1

Acute intoxication

Question 2

Type of psychoactive substance disorder characterised by a pattern of use causing damage to mental or physical health - but does not meet criteria for dependence

Answer 2

Harmful use

Question 3

Type of psychoactive substance disorder characterised by the substance taking on an increasing priority over other activities despite harm or negative consequences

Answer 3

Dependence

Question 4

DSM IV criteria for alcohol abuse

Answer 4

Use despite problems in social, occupational, physical and psychological domains
Use in hazardous situations
Use at least once a month, recurring over a longer period usually
But not dependent on alcohol

Question 5

ICD 10 criteria for alcohol dependence requires 3 out of the following 7 criteria in the last 12 months

Answer 5

Repeated use
Strong desire
Persistence despite negative consequences
Salience
Increased tolerance
Sometimes a physical withdrawal state

Question 6

ICD 11 criteria for alcohol dependency

Answer 6

Two out of
- Impaired control over use
- Increasing prevalence over other aspects of life
- Physiological features of adaptation e.g. tolerance or withdrawal
AND
Features usually evident over 12 months but can be made after 3 months

Question 7

Edwards and Gross criteria for dependence

Answer 7

Narrowed repertoire
Salience of alcohol seeking behaviour
Increased tolerance
Repeated withdrawals
Drinking to prevent or relieve withdrawals
Subjective awareness of compulsion
Reinstatement after abstinence

Question 8

Minimum duration to make a diagnosis of alcohol dependence in ICD 10

Answer 8

12 months

Question 9

Not used in ICD or DSM, term used to describe discrete episodes of amnesia associated with alcohol intoxication

Answer 9

Alcoholic blackouts

Question 10

Features of alcohol withdrawal

Answer 10

Tremor
Diaphoresis
Anxiety
GI distress
Insomnia
Delirium tremens
Seizures

Question 11

Features of delirium tremens

Answer 11

Disturbed pulse, temperature, BP
Clouded consciousness
Agitation
Hallucinations

Question 12

Time for symptoms of alcohol withdrawal to peak if untreated

Answer 12

48 hours

Question 13

Symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal

Answer 13

Autonomic hyperactivity
Insomnia
Nausea and vomiting
Visual, tactile or auditory hallucinations
Psychomotor agitation
Kinaesthetic hallucinations are characteristic

Question 14

Amount of caffeine ingested for a diagnosis of caffeinism in DSM

Answer 14

250mg

Question 15

Term referring to the neglect of all leisure or pastime activities except from alcohol

Answer 15

Salience

Question 16

Classic triad in Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 16

Ophthalmoplegia
Ataxia
Confusion

Question 17

Features of Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 17

Ataxia
Hypothermia
Hypotension
Confusion
Ophthalmoplegia
Nystagmus
Memory disturbances
Unconsciousness/coma

Question 18

Addiction potential of ecstasy compared to cocaine

Answer 18

Less addiction potential in ecstasy

Question 19

Time of abstinence required from alcohol to gain a group 2 driving license for lorries/buses if there is a history of dependence

Answer 19

3 years

Question 20

Time of abstinence required from alcohol to gain a group 1 driving license for cars if there is a history of dependence

Answer 20

1 year free from alcohol problems

Question 21

Peak age of substance misuse

Answer 21

20 years

Question 22

Male to female ratio for substance misuse

Answer 22

3:1

Question 23

Percentage of adolescents and young adults in the UK who have taken illicit drugs ever

Answer 23

50%

Question 24

Percentage of adolescents and young adults in the UK who have taken illicit drugs in the past month

Answer 24

20%