Psy311 Cog Final exam study cards (Study all tho)

Question 1

Susan is asked to imagine what a typical frog looks like. Her imagined frog would be a(n)
A: prototype
B: Exemplar
C: Schema
D: Category

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Billy is asked to imagine some different versions of cats. His imagined cats would be
A: Categories
B: Prototypes
C: Exemplars
D: Schemas

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The semantic network model uses a combination of ______ and ______ to explain how information is organized in our brains.
A: synapses, neurotransmitters
B: exemplars, prototypes
C: nodes, links
D: cones, rods

Answer 3

C

Question 4

While we don’t know exactly how our brains store conceptual information, we do know that
A: many areas of the brain are involved
B: only our left hemisphere is involved
C: we will never be able to figure that out
D: only 1 area of the brain is involved

Answer 4

A

Question 5

When a concept has been primed, the speed of our response to a sentence verification task is going to be ________ compared to when the concept has not been primed.
A: slower
B: faster
C: random
D: equal

Answer 5

B

Question 6

An object may be a member of how many categories
A: 1
B: no more than 10
C: only 2
D: as may as it can fit into

Answer 6

B

Question 7

An ostrich would be an example of a _______ prototypical concept.
A: medium
B: high
C: moderate
D: low

Answer 7

D

Question 8

Using exemplars to define the features of group categories works best when the category is __________.
A: Large
B: old
C: small
D: new

Answer 8

C

Question 9

Cognitive economy is a way to assess what?
A: how useful stored info is
B: how much money you can make from holding onto info
C: how efficiently info is stored
D: cals burned to access info

Answer 9

C

Question 10

While reading or listening to a story we want the story to be coherent. Coherence is the idea that
A: the story in the present aligns with what happened before
B: we make up meaning while we read
C: authors use indentations in paragraphs
D: words flow together

Answer 10

D

Question 11

While talking to her friend, Lisa says “Taylor Swift just released a new album!” This exclamation represents _________ in a conversation.
A: the given-new contract
B: a blank space
C: bad blood
D: reputation

Answer 11

A

Question 12

If we encounter an unfamiliar, low-frequency word, we are more likely to respond _________ compared to a higher frequency word.
A: slower
B: faster
C: the same
D: louder

Answer 12

A

Question 13

Lexical Ambiguity is the idea that
A: words can have multiple meanings
B: our loxicons hold a lot of info
C: languages use words differently
D: stories should be coherent

Answer 13

A

Question 14

While talking with his friends, Jim has a tendency to finish people’s sentences. He is usually pretty accurate with his guesses. This annoying habit is due to our pretty good ability to ________ based on meaning and context.
A: predict
B: prime
C: read
D: listen

Answer 14

A

Question 15

Grant and Spivey (2003) asked participants to solve the radiation problem. While participants solved the problem, the researchers collected eye-tracking data. What was the primary result found in this study?
A: participants who successfully solved the problem looked at the skin more
B: participants who unsuccessfully solved the problem looked at the skin more
C: participants who unsuccessfully solved the problem looked at the outside mroe
D: Participants who successfully solved the problem looked at the tumor more.

Answer 15

A

Question 16

When trying to figure out how to solve a tough math problem, Asha was thinking about all of the math formulas and equations she knew that could apply to this problem. She was thinking about the
A: subgoals
B: operators
C: goal state
D: initial state

Answer 16

B

Question 17

Raul’s car broke down on the side of the road. He pops his hood to take a look at what might be wrong and looks in his trunk for all of the tools he has available. This allows him to understand the obstacles and actions he could take to overcome them. This representation of the obstacles and all possible actions is called the…
A: solutions space
B; obstacle space
C: problem space
D: operator space

Answer 17

C

Question 18

Being unable to think of a use for hammers, outside of hitting nails, would be an example of…
A: use-case stagnation
B: structural stagnation
C: surface fixedness
D: functional fixedness

Answer 18

D

Question 19

Kim was having issues with her keyboard not working properly. After messing around with it, she updated her drivers, which solved the problem. The next day her friend, Steve, complained about his mouse not working. She suggested updating his drivers, which also worked and solved the problem. Which strategy was Kim using to help Steve solve his mouse problem?
A: productive thinking
B: reproductive thinking
C: proactive thinking
D: retroactive thinking

Answer 19

B

Question 20

A patient comes in with pain, swelling, redness, and a bend in their arm. A doctor uses these features to diagnose that the patient likely broke their arm. Without further testing, which heuristic did the doctor use to make this diagnosis.
A: availability heuristic
B: occupation heuristic
C: myside heuristic
D: representativeness heuristic

Answer 20

D

Question 21

Sometimes our prior knowledge and beliefs can make us ignore/not notice a logical flaw in an invalid logical argument. This happens because of
A: the backfire effect
B: stereotyping
C: the belief bias
D: Myside bias

Answer 21

C

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a feature of inductive reasoning
A: reasoning based on heuristics
B: reasoning based on logic
C: reasoning based on observation
D: reasoning based on evidence

Answer 22

B

Question 23

Determine whether the following syllogism is valid or invalid.

          Premise: All reptiles like to bask in sunlight

          Premise: A rabbit is not a reptile.

          Conclusion: Rabbits don't like to bask in sunlight

Answer 23

invalid

Question 24

Determine whether the following syllogism is valid or invalid.

          Premise: Most mammals have fur

          Premise: Dogs have fur.

          Conclusion: Dogs are mammals

Answer 24

valid