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Y4 - Small Animals > Psittacine medcine > Flashcards

Psittacine medcine Flashcards

1
Q

What are common conditions in cockatoos?

A
  • Feather plucking disorder
  • Reproductive disease
  • PBFD / circovirus
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2
Q

What are common conditions in cockatiels?

A
  • Reproductive disease
  • PUPD / renal
  • GIT disease
  • Heart disease
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3
Q

What are common conditions of lories?

A
  • Diet related problems / subnutrition
  • GIT disease
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4
Q

What are common conditions in budgies + love birds?

A
  • Reproductive disorders
  • Skin / feather problems
  • Neoplasia
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5
Q

What are common conditions of eclectus parrots?

A
  • Behaviour / feather plucking disorders
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6
Q

What are common conditions of african grey parrots?

A

◦ Diet related problems – calcium, Vit A
◦ Aspergillosis
◦ Feather-plucking disorders

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7
Q

What are common conditions of conures?

A
  • Psittacine herpesvirus
  • Feather plucking disorders
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8
Q

What are common conditions of Macaws?

A
  • Respiratory problems
  • PDD / Bornavirus
  • Psittacine herpesvirus
  • Behaviour issues
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9
Q

What are common conditions of amazon parrots?

A
  • Obesity + related problems
  • Psittacine Herpesvirus
  • Behaviour issues
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10
Q

What is avian bornavirus (ABV) and proventricular dilation disease (PDD)?

A
  • Non-purulent inflammation of neural tissue =
    ◦ GIT autonomic nerve system → PDD
    ◦ CNS → neuro signs
    ◦ Cardiac autonomic nerve system → heart failure signs
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11
Q

What are CS of ABV?

A
  • PDD = regurgitation, diarrhoea w undigested food, weight loss, normal appetite
  • CNS infection = tremors, seizures, ataxia, head shaking / tilt
  • other signs = non-specific, sudden death, cardiac related
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12
Q

How is ABV + PDD diagnosed?

A
  • ABV Dx = RT-PCR (crop/cloacal swabs)
  • PDD Dx = radiography (plain/contrast), Biopsy + histo (Crop / proventricular wall)
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13
Q

How would you treat ABV + PDD?

A
  • ABV = robenacoxib, cyclosporine, amantadine
  • PDD = metoclopramide, cimetidne, meloxicam
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14
Q

What is Psittacine Beak + Feather disease? (PBFD)

A
  • Circovirus
  • Tropism of skin, feather follicles + lymphoid tissues
  • CS = feather dystrophy
  • loss of normal powder down feathers
  • immunosuppression
  • secondary opportunistic infections
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15
Q

Dx + Tx of PBFD?

A
  • Dx = PCR - feathers, cloacal swab, bloods
  • Tx = NONE = Euthanasia
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16
Q

What are the 2 presentations of psittacine herpesvirus? What birds are more susceptible?

A
  • Amazon parrots + macaws more susceptible
  • 2 presentation =
  • Acute (pacheco’s disease) - sudden death, preceded w non-specific signs
  • Chronic - papilloma formation (typically cloaca) + hepatobiliary neoplasia
17
Q

What is Dx + Tx of psittacine herpesvirus?

A
  • Dx = PCR, PM (liver/spleen), blood, cloacal swab
    Tx = Acyclovir
18
Q

What is psittacine polyomavirus? (APV) Transmission? CS?

A
  • Affects mostly young birds
  • 2 types =
  • APV 1 - infects budgies (budgies fledgling disease)
  • APV 2 - infects all other psittacines
  • Transmission =
  • APV 1 = every secretion + vertical route
  • APV 2 = only horizontal secretion
  • CS = abnormal feathering, stunted growth + immunosuppression, haemorrhages
19
Q

What are causes of feather plucking?

A

◦ Localized pain/discomfort
◦ External and internal parasites
◦ Hypovitaminosis and other nutritional imbalances
◦ Hepatopathies
◦ Dermatitis
◦ Viral infections? Bornavirus?
◦ Inadequate environment
◦ Behavioural (similar to separation anxiety)
◦ Reproductive/hormonal

20
Q

What is diagnostic approach to feather plucking?

A
  1. Detailed history = Diet, Environment, Interactions w/ owners and other birds, Photoperiod (potential causes)
  2. Clinical exam - detect localised areas of pain
  3. Full blood profile - internal disease
  4. Faecal testing - detect flagellates
  5. Specific pathogen testing (e.g. Bornavirus)
  6. Skin biopsies, c&s
  7. Radiography
    * If all causes ruled out = repro / behavioural causes
21
Q

How would you treat feather plucking?

A
  • Correct any abnormalities detected
  • Educate the owner
  • Educate the bird - positive reinforcement / training + stimulation
  • Medicate = analgesia (meloxicam + gabapentin), treat 2ary infections, Psychotropic drugs, collars for severe cases
22
Q
A

Y4 - Small Animals (105 decks)

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