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Science for shegs > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

What order of protein structure refers to the order of the sequence of amino acids?

A

Primary

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2
Q

What order of structure refers to the spatial arrangement of polypeptides in a multi subunit protein?

A

Quaternary

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3
Q

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

A

Spatial arrangement of amino acid residues that are far apart in a linear sequence

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4
Q

What are the two types of secondary structures of a polypeptide?

A

Alpha helix

Beta pleated sheet

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5
Q

What causes an alpha helix to form?

A

Hydrogen bonds between N-H and C=O groups

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6
Q

What amino acid is responsible for disulphide bridge formation?

A

Cysteine

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7
Q

What is glycosylation?

A

Post-translational modification converting a protein into a glycoprotein

(Protein + carbohydrate)

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8
Q

Where does glycosylation take place in a cell?

A

ER and golgi apparatus

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9
Q

What is a lipoprotein?

A

Protein + lipid

Either covalent or non-covalently joined

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10
Q

What is the main use of lipoproteins?

A

Transport of fats and cholesterol in blood

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11
Q

What is a metalloprotein?

A

Protein molecule with a metal ion bound to it

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12
Q

What are functions of globular proteins? (5)

A

Enzymes

Transporters

Messengers

Stock of amino acids

Some structural function - actin etc

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13
Q

What are fibrous proteins generally used for? (4)

A

Bone matrices

Muscle fibres

Tendons

Connective tissue

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14
Q

Membranous proteins are found on cell membranes and organelle membranes. What are they used for? (4)

A

Relay signals

Transporters

Enzymes

Cell - cell joining

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15
Q

What type of protein is collagen, and what is used for?

A

Fibrous

Structural shit

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16
Q

Low vitamin C intake causes scurvy.

What does scurvy do to ye?

A

Weakargghhhhh collagen fibres

17
Q

What type of molecule are LDL receptors?

A

Membraneous glycoproteins

18
Q

Describe the effect of osteogenesis imperfecta.

A

Glycine substituted for larger amino acid

Collagen can not fold tightly

Weak and brittle collagen

This leads to weak and brittle bones

19
Q

What is sickle cell anaemia?

A

Mutation of gene coding for beta-chain in haemoglobin swaps glutamic acid for valine

Different shaped protein = disfunctional

Haemoglobin polymerises causing RBC’s to change shape

Clinical: Heamolytic anaemia

20
Q

What is familial hypercholesterolemia?

A

Autosomal dominant disorder

Mutated LDL receptor gene causes a non-functioning LDL receptor to be produced

Elevated LDL levels in the blood

Cholesterol deposits in arteries, skin, tendons

Cardiovascular disease

Science for shegs (28 decks)

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