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Science for shegs > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 types of joint?

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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2
Q

What is a joint?

A

Union between two or more rigid components

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of joint?

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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4
Q

What is a fibrous joint?

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue
made of collagen

Holds 2 bones to each other

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5
Q

Give an example of a fibrous joint?

A

Cranial suture
Periodontal ligament
Interosseus membrane

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6
Q

What is a cartilaginous joint?

A

Layers of cartilage

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7
Q

There are two types of Cartilaginous joints, which is used in endochondral bone growth?

A

Synchondroses

primary

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8
Q

True or false

Synchondroses joints allow flex to aid bone growth?

A

False

They do not allow movement

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9
Q

What is the other name for secondary cartilaginous?

A

Symphyses

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10
Q

Where are symphyses joints found?

A

Intervertebral discs

Pubic symphysis

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11
Q

True or false

Synchondroses joints ossify with age whereas symphyses do not.

A

True

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12
Q

What feature of symphyses makes it suitable to have in the vertebral column?

A

They can flex and allow some movement

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13
Q

What is the intervertebral disc made from?

A

Fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage

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14
Q

What are synovial joints used for?

A

Movement

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15
Q

Describe the key structure of synovial joints.

A
  • Fibrous capsule encloses synovial cavity
  • Articular cartilage on bone
  • Synovial membrane on inside of capsule
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16
Q

What 3 other structures may be in synovial joints?

A

Articular discs
Ligaments
Bursae

17
Q

What 3 factors determine joint stability?

A

Shape of articulating surfaces

Fibrous capsule and ligaments

Muscles

18
Q

Describe the structure + function of anastomoses.

A

Blood vessels branch out then reconnect

Avoids blood supply being cut off

19
Q

What is Hilton’s law?

A

Nerve supplying a muscle that crosses a joint, also innervates that joint

20
Q

List the 3 typical joint pathologies.

A

Trauma
Arthritis
Craniosynostosis

21
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A

Breakdown of articular cartilage and underlying bone around joint

Affected bones take up a ragged appearance

22
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Autoimmune

Swelling around joints, warmness, stiffness

23
Q

Briefly describe craniosynostosis.

A

Cranial sutures ossificate prematurely

Skull grows abnormally

Science for shegs (28 decks)

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