Proteins Flashcards
What are some properties of proteins
- 3D folded and coiled molecules- structure fits function
- 50% of dry mass in most cells
- composed of 1 or more polypeptides
What are the functions of proteins?
- assist in chemical reactions
- provide support in movement
Define hydrolysis
Breaking down using water
What is the reaction that occurs when monomers are reacting?
Monomer + monomer - polymer + H2O
What are some properties of assembling polymers?
- Sometimes energy can be required
- assisted by enzyme
- water molecule produced for every monomer added
What are some properties of breaking apart polymers
- addition of water molecule
- assisted by enzyme
- releases energy
- uses one water molecule for each break
How many monomers are in a protein polymer and what are the monomers called?
~50-34000 monomers
Amino acids
What is the structure of a amino acid?
Central carbon
Carboxyl and amino
Side chain variable groups
How many major amino acids are there?
20
What are the properties of amino acids based on properties of R groups at PH7.2
Uncharged: polar, non polar
Charged: acid, base
What holds amino acids together?
Peptide bonds formed by a dehydration reaction
What is the primary structure of a protein?
Unique sequence of amino acids held together by peptide bonds (covalent bonds)
If a secondary structure protein is rich in beta it is what? Rich in alpha?
Beta- arrest has and recoil (spider web)
Alpha- fibrous and strong (horns)
What are some properties of a secondary protein structure
Shape: helixes or sheets
-held together by H bonding by points in backbone (spiral or squiggle shape)
What are some properties of a tertiary structure?
- 2 or more secondary structures held together
- interactions between side chains
- hydrophobic interactions in non polar side chains
- hydrogen bonding between polar side chains
- ionic bonds (disulphides)
