Lecture 17 Flashcards
1
Q
What is a shmoo?
A
An area that a cell extends to another cell by signalling mating factors
2
Q
How do cells communicate over long distances?
A
Through circulating fluids, usually hormones
3
Q
How do cells communicate from short distances
A
Plant- plasmodesmata
Animal- gap junctions
4
Q
Why are speed and strength of signals important?
A
- ATP for fight or flight response
- Detoxification enzymes to prevent damage death
5
Q
What is a ligand?
A
-Messenger molecules sent by secretory cells and received by receptor molecules on target cells
6
Q
What are the stages in cell signaling
A
- release of signal molecule
- reception of signal
- transduction (carrying)of signal
- response
7
Q
What’s the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic messengers
A
- hydrophilic - signal can not easily cross membrane and bind on outside of cell
- hydrophobic cross the membrane easily and bind on inside of cell
8
Q
What is a second messenger
A
Smaller hydrophilic molecule inside of the cell
9
Q
What’s GPCRs
A
G-protein-coupled receptors
- largest family of cell surface receptors
- spans membrane, extracellular binding site
