PROTEINS

Question 1

functions of proteins

1. _______ body tissues
2. important in _________________ AND _____________
3. for ____________
4. maintenance of __________ __________
5. maintenance of __________ __
6. biocatalysts

Answer 1

functions of proteins

1. REPAIR body tissues
2. important in BLOOD COAGULATION AND IMMUNOLOGIC FUNCTION
3. for TRANSPORT OF METABOLIC SUBSTANCES
4. maintenance of BLOOD PH
5. maintenance of OSMOTIC PRESSURE
6. BIOCATALYST

Question 2

negative acute phase reactants- decreases inflammatory processes

a. pre albumin
b. albumin
c. globulin
d. AFP

Answer 2

albumin

• highest conc in plasma
• general transport protein
• maintains osmotic pressure
• indicator of nutritional status

Question 3

sensitive and highly specific in cases of cystic fibrosis

a. pre albumin
b. albumin
c. globulin
d. AFP

Answer 3

albumin

• highest conc in plasma
• general transport protein
• maintains osmotic pressure
• indicator of nutritional status
• sensitive and highly specific in cases of cystic fibrosis

Question 4

inidcator of nutritional status

a. pre albumin
b. albumin
c. globulin
d. AFP

Answer 4

pre albumin
- used to detect MALNUTRITION

albumin
- indicator of NUTIONAL STATUS

Question 5

transport protein for T4 and retinol (vitamin a)

a. pre albumin
b. albumin
c. globulin
d. AFP

Answer 5

pre albumin
- transport protein for T4and retinol

albumin
- general transport protein

Question 6

it is used to confirm if it is real a CSF sample

a. pre albumin
b. albumin
c. globulin
d. AFP`

Answer 6

pre albumin

Question 7

comprises 90% of alpha 1 globulin band

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 7

a1- Antitrypsin (AAT)

• acute phase reactants
• major inhibitor of protease activity - prevents self destruction of tissues
• it comprises 90% of a1- globulin band
• increased in INFLAMMATION, PREGNANCY, CONTRACEPTIVES

Question 8

deficiency : EMPHYSEMATOUS PULMONARY DISEASE AND JUVENILE HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 8

a1- Antitrypsin (AAT)

• acute phase reactants
• major inhibitor of protease activity - prevents self destruction of tissues
• it comprises 90% of a1- globulin band
• increased in INFLAMMATION, PREGNANCY, CONTRACEPTIVES
• deficiency : EMPHYSEMATOUS PULMONARY DISEASE AND JUVENILE HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS

Question 9

Migrates between albumin and a1 globulin band

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 9

a1- Fetoprotein (AFP)

• Migrates between albumin and a1 globulin band
• used as a tumor marker (hepatic and gonodal cancer)
• screening : NUERAL TUBE DEFECTS AND DOWN SYNDROME
• DECREASED: DOWN SYNDROME (TRISOMY 21) , TRISOMY 18

Question 10

AFP IS DETECTABLE INTHE MATERNAL BLOOD TO THE ____ OR ______ OF PREGNANCY

A. 13 WEEKS
B. 5-6 MONTHS
C. 7-8 MONTHS
D. 4-5 MONTHS

Answer 10

AFP

• detectable in the maternal blood up to the 7th to 8th month of pregnancy
• it peaks in the fetus at 13 weeks of gestation

Question 11

negatively charge even in sialic acid solution

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 11

a1- acid glycoprotein / orosomucoid (AAG)

• contains high percentage of CHO and Sialic acid
• low Pi (2.5)
• negatively charge even in sialic acid solution
• greatest affinity in PROGESTERONE; binds to quinidine
• increased: PREGNANCY , CANCER, PNEUMONIA, RA AND CELL PROLIFERATION

Question 12

GREATEST AFFINITY TO PROGESTERONE

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 12

a1- acid glycoprotein / orosomucoid (AAG)

• contains high percentage of CHO and Sialic acid
• low Pi (2.5)
• negatively charge even in sialic acid solution
• greatest affinity in PROGESTERONE; binds to quinidine
• increased: PREGNANCY , CANCER, PNEUMONIA, RA AND CELL PROLIFERATION

Question 13

IT IS A USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC STOOL IN NEONATES WITH BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 13

a1- acid glycoprotein / orosomucoid (AAG)

• contains high percentage of CHO and Sialic acid
• low Pi (2.5)
• negatively charge even in sialic acid solution
• greatest affinity in PROGESTERONE; binds to quinidine
• increased: PREGNANCY , CANCER, PNEUMONIA, RA AND CELL PROLIFERATION
• IT IS A USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC STOOL IN NEONATES WITH BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Question 14

is a serine protease with cathepsin G

a. AAT
b. AFP
c. AAG
d. A1-X

Answer 14

a1- Antichymotrypsin (a1-X)

• serine protease with cathepsin G
• APR
• migrates between A1 AND A1 ZONES
• prostate - specific antigen
• alzeimer’s disease
• increased : INFECTION, MALIGNANCY , BURN, AMI AND ALZEIMER’S DISEASE
• deiciency : LIVER DISEASE

Question 15

it helps in diagnosis of early hemolysis

a. hemopexin
b. AFP
c. haptoglobin
d. A1-X

Answer 15

hemopexin

• binds to heme released by degradation of hemoglobin
• diagnosis of early hemolysis
• migrates in the B region during electrophoresis

Question 16

it exhibits with vit. d and actin

a. hemopexin
b. GC globulin
c. haptoglobin
d. ceruloplasmin

Answer 16

group specific (GC) globulin

• it exhibits affinity with vit. d and actin
• migrates in a1 and a2 interzone during electrophoresis