MAJOR CLINICAL ENZYMES II Flashcards
what is the method for ALT
a. wacker et al
b. karmen method
c. bowers mc combo
d. bessy lowry brock
transminanses methods
I. KARMEN METHOD (AST) {KarmenSiTA)
Oxaloacetate from ast activity reacts on MALATE DEHYDROGENASE
Optimal pH : 7.3 - 7.8
II. WACKER ET AL (alt) {WALK}
Pyruvate from alt reacts with LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE
more liver specific
a. CK MB
b, ALP
c. ALT
d. AST
AST/ SGOT
- widely distributed in human tissue
- Highest concentration : CARDIAC TISSUE , LIVER AND SKELETAL MUSCLES
ALT/ SGPT
- distributed by many tissue
- MORE LIVER SPECIFIC
which of the following transminases is more specific and sensitive screening test for post transfusion or occupational toxic exposure
a. AST
b ALT
ALT/ SGPT
- markedly increase on ACUTE INFLAMMATORY CONDITION than in AST
- used to monitor the coarse of HEPATITIS TREATMENT AND THE EFFECTS OF DRUGS THERAPY
- more specific and sensitive SCREENING TEST OF POST TRANSFUSION or occupational toxic exposure
- USED TO SCREEN BLOOD DONORS
useful in forensic clinical chemistry, particularly in the investigation of rape
a. AST
B. ALT
C. ACP
D. ALP
ACID PHOSPHATASE (ACP)
- useful in forensic clinical chemistry, particularly in the investigation of rape
- ACP activity is presumptive evidence of rape in such cases
- > 50IU/L indicates the presence of seminal fluid
which of the methods for ACP is complicated and less sensitive
a. babson and reed
b. roy
c. Rietz, guilbault
d. hudson
> Hudson - Rapid , non specific
> Babson and Reed
substrate used : alpha napthylphosphate
comments : Complicated, less sensitive
> roy
substrate used ; Thymolphthalein monophosphate
comments : More specific for prostatic form
> Reitz , guilbault - fluorescent
preferred anticoagulant for ACP
a. heparin
b. edta
c. citrate
d. non anticoagulant
ACP
sample of choice : PLASMA ( to minimize contamination by platelets)
preferred anticoagulant CITRATE buffered to a pH 6.2 to 6.6
useful marker for liver damage
a. AST
B. ALT
C. GGT
D. ALP
gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT)
- USEFUL MARKER FOR LIVER DAMAGE
- useful for differentiating the source of an elevated ALP level
ALT
- more liver specific enzymes
high amounts of GGtis on
a. liver
b. heart
c. kidney
d. nota
GGT
- highest amount in the KIDNEY
- significant amounts in PANCREAS AND LIVER
which of the ff enzymes is used in monitoring of chronic alcoholism
a. AST
B. ALT
C. GGT
D. ALP
GGT
- useful marker for liver damage
- increased in OBSTRUCTIVE LIVER DISEASE, INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER , OBSTRUCTION OF THE BILIARY TRACT
- increase overtime in patients on LONG TERM MEDICATION
- MOST USEFUL APPLICATION IS MONITORING OF CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM
what is the preferred method for GGT
a. oliver rosalki
b. wacker et al
c. szasz assay
d. roy
ggt
reference ethod : Szasz assay
- product of the reaction : 5-amino-2-nitrobenzoate (410 nm)
earliest pancreatic marker
a. CK
b. GGT
c. Amylase
d. ALP
amylase
- earliest pancreatic marker
- P3 - most predominant pancreatic amylase in AP
- primarily responsible for starch digestion
methods in amylase that measure the amount of reducing sugars produced by hydrolysis of starch
a. saccharogenic
b. chromogenic
c. amyloclastic
d. turbidimetry
Saccharogenic ( nelson somogyi mod. by henry and chiamon)
- measures the REDUCING SUGAR
chromogenic - color
amyloclastic - rate of disappearamce of the starch
classic reference method of amylase
a. saccharogenic
b. chromogenic
c. amyloclastic
d. turbidimetry
Saccharogenic ( nelson somogyi mod. by henry and chiamon)
- measures the REDUCING SUGAR
- CLASSIC REFERENCE METHOD
chromogenic - color
amyloclastic - rate of disappearamce of the starch
