protein and protein metabolism reading 1 Flashcards
Identify three of the many functions of proteins within the human body. Proteins ______.
catalyze chemical reactions
function as receptors on cells’ surfaces
transport substances within the blood
Amino acids are the subunits of larger molecules called what?
proteins
Identify the part of the amino acid that distinguishes one amino acid from all other amino acids.
R side chain
A peptide bond is a chemical bond between two _____.
amino acids
The small organic molecules that are the monomers used to form proteins are ______.
amino acids
A student has determined the primary sequence of amino acids in a protein. The student has the determined the ______ structure of the protein.
primary
A change in pH and temperature can alter cell function by changing the _____ of protein enzymes.
shape
What level of protein structure is determined by the regular folding of the protein due to hydrogen bonding between amino acids?
Secondary
A permanent change in protein structure is called what?
denaturation
The ______ level of protein structure is determined by the interactions between two or more polypeptide chains within a protein.
quaternary
Denaturation is ______.
the unfolding of a protein’s three-dimensional shape
What is the active site of an enzyme?
Where it binds its substrate
The ______ level of protein structure is determined by the interactions between two or more polypeptide chains within a protein.
quaternary
An important feature of an enzyme’s active site is its _____.
specificity to a reactant’s shape
True or false: Changing the shape of an enzyme ultimately results in an alteration of function of that enzyme.
True
Maltase is probably a(n) _____ because of the -ase on the end of its name.
enzyme
NADH is a small organic molecule that is needed for an enzyme to work properly. NADH is a(n) ______.
coenzyme
The sugar component of deoxyribonucleic acid is ______.
deoxyribose
The molecule composed of nucleotides with ribose as the sugar is ______ acid.
ribonucleic
Nucleotides are the subunits of ______.
nucleic acids
Identify the nitrogenous bases.
Thymine
Cytosine
Uracil
Adenine
Guanine
DNA is described as an antiparallel molecule. This means that the two strands of nucleotides have sugar-phosphate backbones that extend in ______.
the opposite directions
