Oxidative metabolism Flashcards
The full description of the TCA cycle can be summarised as follows:
ACoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + ADP + Pi + 2H2O → 2CO2 + ATP + 3NADH + 3H+ + FADH2 + CoA
Acetyle-CoA in the kreb cycle?
ACETYL-COA—>CITRATE—>ISOCITRATE—>2-OXOGLUTARATE—>SUCCINYL-COA—>SUCCINATE—>FUMARATE—>MALATE—>OXALOACETATE—>CITRATE ect…
what do you produce in one full cycle of kreb cycle?
One full cycle produces 1 GTP
(≈ATP)
+ 3 NADH
+ 1 FADH2
NADH & FADH2: Function
NADH and FADH2: transport electrons (as hydrogen atoms) to the ‘Electron Transport Chain’
= Electron transfer pathway
= Respiratory chain
Transport of electrons to final acceptor: O2
Kreb cycle waste:
Acetyl-CoA has 2 C-atoms
Lost as CO2
what is the Electron Transport Chain?
The Mitochondria, the cells energy factories, contain carrier protein molecules that remove electrons from hydrogen (oxidation) and eventually pass them to oxygen (reduction). ATP resynthesis occurs during the oxidation-reduction reactions.
Energy from electrons: Overall reaction:
2 H+ + 2 e- + ½ O2 → H2O
BUT:
before electrons combine with O2 and H+
they go through the electron transport chain and release energy
metabolism, NAD+ and O2?
NAD+
wheelbarrow to transports electrons
O2
bin to get rid of electrons ‘when they’re done’
Oxygen: When is there ‘no O2’?
never
until death
Oxygen: Is ‘anaerobic’ a good term?
no
sounds like ‘no O2’
what is meant is: ‘insufficient O2’?
Oxygen: When is there insufficient O2?
high-intensity exercise
hypoxia (?)
ATP-Phosphocreatine system?
phosphocreatine—>(creatine kinase) creatine, free energy and Pi (inorganic phosphate)
Pi+ free energy+ ADP= ATP
Integration of Energy systems: Maximum rates of ATP Production?
PCr-> ATP: 9 mM/kg/s
CHO-> Lactate+ATP: 4 mM/kg/s
CHO-> CO2+H2O+ATP
Fat-> CO2+H2o+ATP
how long does each energy system last?
PCr: 30 secs
Glycolytic: 45 secs
Aerobic: 100 secs+
what distance is the anaerobic and aerobic zone?
anaerobic zone: 110 M
aerobic zone: 110 M plus
speed decreases as distance increases: fatigue.
