Cardiovascular system reading 4

Question 1

What forces the movement of blood through the heart chambers and into the vessels?

Answer 1

Pressure changes

Question 2

Where is blood moving during the period of ejection?

Answer 2

Ventricles to great vessels

Question 3

The sequence of events that begins with heart muscle contraction and ends with the beginning of the next contraction is called the what?

Answer 3

cardiac cycle

Question 4

AV valves are open when ______.

Answer 4

ventricles are relaxed

Question 5

The phase of the cardiac cycle during which the ventricles are contracting, but all valves remained closed is called ______.

Answer 5

isovolumetric contraction

Question 6

The __ is a repeating series of contraction and relaxation events that move blood through the heart.

Answer 6

cardiac cycle

Question 7

The duration of the cardiac cycle is shortest ______.

Answer 7

in a new-born

Question 8

The phase of the cardiac cycle during which the ventricles are contracting, but ventricular pressure has not yet exceeded arterial pressure is called ______.

Answer 8

isovolumetric contraction

Question 9

The normal duration of one cardiac cycle in a healthy adult is slightly less than one ______.

Answer 9

second

Question 10

Ejection of blood from the ventricles occurs when ______ pressure exceeds ______ pressure.

Answer 10

ventricular, atrial

Question 11

True or false: The duration of the cardiac cycle remains the same throughout one’s life.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

The normal cardiac cycle in an adult is _____ seconds.

Answer 12

0.7 - 0.8

Question 13

In ventricular ejection, a higher pressure is required to open the _____ semilunar valve than to open the _____ semilunar valve.

Answer 13

aortic, pulmonary

Question 14

The closing of the semilunar valves occurs at the beginning of the ______ phase of the cardiac cycle.

Answer 14

isovolumetric relaxation

Question 15

Most of the blood enters the ventricles from the atria by ______ processes.

Answer 15

passive

Question 16

The importance of atrial contraction increases during ______.

Answer 16

exercise

Question 17

During exercise, the heart rate will increase, which means there is ______ time for passive ventricular filling and a need for ______ atrial contraction.

Answer 17

less, more

Question 18

The lowest volume in the ventricles during the cardiac cycle would be the ______.

Answer 18

end-systolic volume

Question 19

Identify the events that occur during ventricular systole.

Answer 19

Ventricles contract.

Blood moves from ventricles through semilunar valves.

Question 20

The lowest volume in the ventricles during the cardiac cycle would be the ______.

Answer 20

end-systolic volume

Question 21

Identify the events that occur during ventricular diastole.

Answer 21

Ventricular filling

Isovolumetric relaxation

Question 22

The time between the second heart sound and the next first heart sound represents ______.

Answer 22

ventricular diastole

Question 23

When blood pressure is measured in the brachial artery, it reflects blood pressure in the ______.

Answer 23

aorta

Question 24

The heart sounds heard through a stethoscope are the result of ______.

Answer 24

closing of the valves

Question 25

Why is the dicrotic notch seen on the aortic pressure curve?

Answer 25

The pressure in the aorta rises slightly after the aortic valve closes.

Question 26

The third heart sound is produced by ______.

Answer 26

turbulent blood flow