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541 (sex class) > Prolapses > Flashcards

Prolapses Flashcards

1
Q

what breed gets uterine prolapses a lot/

A

Herefords

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2
Q

when does uterine prolapse happen most frequently? what are some risk factors?

A

almost always <24h post partum

hypocalemia, Herefords, pluriparous

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3
Q

is uterine prolapse an emergency?

A

Y E S
WEEWOOWEEWOO (that’s the siren)

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4
Q

tell me some C/S of a uterine prolapse

A
  • very dramatic lol
  • cow in shock
  • hypocalcemia
  • can see placentomes/caruncles
  • may contain intestines/bladder
  • external bleeding from placentomes common
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5
Q

why is uterine prolapse an emergency?

A
  • cervical closure
  • edema (vascular compromise)
  • trauma + contamination
  • uterine aa rupture
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6
Q

if a cow has a uterine prolapse, should you move her to a cleaner area?

A

NOOOOOO DO NOT MOVE HER!!!!!

this risks the uterine aa rupturing

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7
Q

should you pre-treat hypocalcemia in a cow with uterine prolapse? why or why not?

A

no

makes it harder for you to tx uterine prolapse bc uterine tone increases –> tx afterwards

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8
Q

how do you tx a uterine prolapse?

A
  • remove placenta + lavage
  • keep uterus elevated (perfusion)
  • massage uterus in
  • once uterus in, ensure complete inversion by passive infusion of water/dilute iodine
  • oxytocin (20-40 IU IM) (only after reduction!)
  • Buhner suture, treat uterine atony/tenesmus
  • analgesia, Abx
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9
Q

can you do a uterine amputation?

A

yup… but its a poor px and salvage procedure. better to just euthanize in most cases

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10
Q

what is the px for uterine prolapses?

A
  • shock = poor px
  • largely dept on time to tx and handling
  • high survival rate if uncomplicated
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11
Q

is vaginal prolapse an emergency?

A

nope :)

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12
Q

when do vag prolapses occur?

A

pretty much any time
lots pre partum, but can happen post partum too

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13
Q

is recurrence of uterine prolapses common?

is recurrence of vag prolapses common?

A

U: nope
V: yup

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14
Q

what are pre partum risk factors for cows getting vaginal prolapses?

A
  • over conditioning
  • pelvic injury –> pelvic laxity
  • usually, last trimester (dry period for dairy)
  • increased intra-abdominal P (lying downhill)
  • excessive straining/irritation
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15
Q

what are the risk factors for open cows and heifers for vag prolapse

A
  • obesity
  • estrogenic influence of late gestation –> pelvic laxityy
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16
Q

is there a hereditary component to vag prolapses? if so, what breeds?

A

yes

Brahman, Brahman X, Herefore

17
Q

what are some C/S of a vaginal prolapse?

A
  • protrusion of pink/reddened mucosa
  • straining
  • edema/inflammation/necrosis
18
Q

if a pre parturient cow has a mild vag prolapse, what can you do to medically manage it before calving?

A

change environment

well bedded pack where hind quarters not dependent

19
Q

if you do a Buhner suture for a vag prolapse in a pre parturient cow, what must you do before calving?

A

TAKE OUT THE SUTURE!!!!!

20
Q

the tx for vag prolapse is very much the same as uterine prolapse

A

you don’t have to keep the vag elevated tho, and you can do a Buhner suture and give NSAIDs for pain

21
Q

what are the risk factors for rectal prolapse?

A
  • estrogenic compounds
  • GI dx, coccidiosis
  • resp dx, coughing
  • UTI, dysuria
  • neuropathy, being “ridden”, neoplasia
  • obesity
22
Q

tell me the difference b/t types 1 and 2 rectal prolapses and types 3 and 4

A

1&2: generally fixed via reduction
3&4: generally require surgical resection

23
Q

treating rectal prolapse:
1. what do you do if viable mucosa?
2. what do you do if non-viable mucosa?

A
  1. purse string suture, leave small opening for poopies, leave in 5-10 days
  2. mucosal resection and anastomosis, or sx amputation (not GP procedure)

need epidural before both of these!

24
Q

what are the possible complications of rectal prolapses?

A
  • recurrence
  • constipation
  • dehiscence
  • prolapse of other organs
  • absces
  • peritonitis
  • death

all of the above are more common with the use of prolapse tubes

25
Q

what are the possible complications of vag prolapses?

A
  • suture tear out
  • suture site infection
  • dystocia if forgetting in prepartum cattle (leaving Buhner suture in!)
26
Q

what are the possible complications of uterine prolapse?

A
  • peritonitis
  • metritis
  • re-prolapse/unsuccessful reduction
  • uterine tears
  • damage to organs incarcerated within prolapse
  • hemorrhage
  • extensive uterine damage or failure to reduce

541 (sex class) (22 decks)

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