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541 (sex class) > Camelids > Flashcards

Camelids Flashcards

1
Q

when is camelid puberty in females?

A

12-36mo

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2
Q

when is breeding in camelids?

A

15-18 mos for ease of parturition
60-70% mature BW

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3
Q

tell me the difference between domestic and wild camelids in terms of seasonality of reproduction

A

wild: seasonal
domestic: non-seasonal

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4
Q

describe the camelid reproductive cycle

A

no estrous cycles!!!

successive follicular waves (long periods of receptivity with short periods of non receptivity)

follicular phase repeats until ovulation occurs

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5
Q

growth, maintenance, and regression of each dominant follicle in camelids takes… how long?

A

12 days

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6
Q

true or false: receptivity in camelids correlates with follicle size

A

false! no correlation!

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7
Q

true or false: follicular waves continue during luteal phase in camelids

A

true

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8
Q

when is ovulation? for both copulation and induced

A

after copulation (42h)
hCG: 24h

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9
Q

what induces ovulation when male and female have sexy times?

A

substances in seminal plasma

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10
Q

tell me the relative percentages of breeding and ovulation in camelids

A

1 breeding = ovulation 75% of time
50% ovulate in 26-30h
24% in 30-72h

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11
Q

true or false: increase in # of breedings within 48h increases ovulation rate

A

false! it does NOT!

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12
Q

true or false: size of follicle at time of breeding relates to ovulatory response

A

true

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13
Q

what are the 3 main types of breeding regimens?

A
  • field breeding (1 male, several females): breeding dates unknown
  • pen breeding (1 male, 2-3 females): females may be bred too frequently
  • hand breeding: keep # of breedings to a minimum, causes cervical/uterine inflammation
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14
Q

CL diameter is highly correlated with what?

A

P4 concentration

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15
Q

tell me what happens during the luteal phase if camelid is not pregnant?

A

P4 peaks 8-9 days after breeding, returns to baseline 12d after breeding if not pregnant, not receptive to male when P4 >0.5ng/ml (elevated)

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16
Q

when does fertilization happen after breeding?

A

24-36h after breeding

17
Q

embryo goes into uterine body ____ after breeding

A

5-7 d

18
Q

true or false: most embryos implant in the left horn in camelids

A

true
LH!

19
Q

when does the CL regress in camelids?

A

IT DOESNT!!!! CL IS NEEDED FOR ENTIRE GESTATION

20
Q

what is the gestation length in camelids?

A

345d

21
Q

how can you dx pregnancy in camelids?

A
  • behaviour testing
  • P4 con
  • transrectal US
  • transabd US
22
Q

how can you use P4 concentration to dx pregnancy in camelids?

A

not preg: <0.5ng/ml
preg alpaca: 1.5-5ng/ml
preg llama: 3-8nm/ml

23
Q

how can you use transrectal US to dx preg in camelids?

A

only for diagnosis <45d

12-14d: anechoic space
17-18d: embryo visible
28d: heart beat

24
Q

how can you use transabdominal US to dx preg in camelids?

A

only for diagnosis >45d

45-80d L side adjacent to udder
>80d R side

25
Q

90% of births occur between ______.

A

7am and 1pm

26
Q

how long is stage 1 parturition?

A

30-240min

27
Q

how long is stage 2 parturition?

A

10-40min

28
Q

how long until the baby is standing and nursing after parturition?

A

standing: 1h
nursing: 2h

29
Q

what is important to know about camelid parturition? particularly during stage 2

A

extra epidermal membrane covers fetus’s mouth, nostril, eyes

30
Q

when is a placenta considered retained?

A

> 3h

31
Q

when are camelids receptive for breeding after parturition?

A

immediately!

32
Q

when is it recommended to breed a camelid postpartum?

A

15-20 days following completion of uterine involution (no uterine fluid, 8-10mm follicle)

33
Q

when is male camelid puberty? what happens to penis during this?

A

18-36mo
penis adhered to prepuce until puberty, then breakdown of adhesions allows protrusion from prepuce

34
Q

male repro exam typically needs what?

A

artificial vag or anesthesia

35
Q

epididymus tail is ____.

A

dorsal

36
Q

what accessory glands do camelids have?

A

prostate + bulbourethral

37
Q

males are reproductively active _____.

A

all year round

38
Q

breeding is _____ in duration and ejaculation is _____.

A

15-45min
Dribbler ejaculation (whatever the hell that means)

39
Q

do male camelids distinguish between receptive and non-receptive females?

A

nope

541 (sex class) (22 decks)

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