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541 (sex class) > Pocket Pets > Flashcards

Pocket Pets Flashcards

1
Q

when is sexual maturity in rabbits?

A

small breeds: 3.5-4mo
med-large: 4-4.5mo
giant: 6-9mo

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2
Q

when are rabbits most sexually active?

A

during long photoperiods

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3
Q

what is the length of the rabbit repro cycle?

A

receptive 7-10d
quiescent 1-2d

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4
Q

rabbits are ______ ovulators.

A

induced

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5
Q

can you leave a male and female rabbit together after sexy times?

A

no.

female taken to male for mating; if receptive, they mate 2x in 30 mins and then should be separated

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6
Q

how long is rabbit gestation?

A

31-33d
(longer with <4 kits)

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7
Q

how do you dx rabbit pregnancy?

A

abdominal palpation (early as 12d)

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8
Q

if you find a baby rabbit (=kit) outside of the nest, should you put it back?

A

yes. mom won’t go get the baby

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9
Q

when should you wean rabbits?

A

4-6 weeks

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10
Q

when can a rabbit doe become pregnant after kindling (=rabbit birth)?

A

24h

don’t rebreed for 5-6 weeks, and max 3 litters per year

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11
Q

what disease commonly happens in female rabbits >4 yo?

A

uterine adenocarcinoma

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12
Q

how do you prevent uterine adenocarcinomas in rabbits?

A

OHE at 4-6mo or exams every 6mo

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13
Q

are mets likely to happen with uterine adenocarcinomas in rabbits?

A

yep
develops slowly, but mets can occur in 1-2 years

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14
Q

what are the C/S of uterine adenocarcinoma in rabbits?

A
  • reduced breeding productivity + fertility
  • hematuria
  • serosanguinous vag D/S
  • cystic mammary glands
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15
Q

rabbit does may develop ____ and ____ after breeding or parturition.

A

pyometra, endometritis

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16
Q

true or false: pseudopregnancy/pseudocyesis can occur in rabbits

A

true

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17
Q

pseudopregnancy/pseudocyesis in rabbits is usually due to….?

A

infertile mating or nearby male rabbit

can occur in solitary does

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18
Q

what happens during a pseudopregnancy/pseudocyesis in a rabbit?

A

ovulation occurs, CL produces P4, enlargement of uterine + mammaries most profound in first 10 days

organ involution by day 16, CL degenerates after day 18

does will pluck fur to make a nest after 18-22d

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19
Q

tell me about rabbit OHEs

A
  • express bladder under GA in ventral recum. (don’t want urine in vag)
  • long broad ligaments w lots of fat
  • don’t remove cervices during routine OHE
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20
Q

where are the scrotal sacs located relative to the penis in rabbits?

A

craniolateral

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21
Q

when do testes descend in male rabbits?

A

10-14 weeks

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22
Q

what type of castration is preferred in male rabbits? why?

A

closed
reduce post-op inguinal hernias

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23
Q

what must you do if you do an open castration in a rabbit?

A

close superficial inguinal ring

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24
Q

when Is sexual maturity in ferrets?

A

4-8 mo (first spring after birth)

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25
Q

when do you usually spay/neuter ferrets? what does this cause?

A

before 6 weeks

predisposed to adrenal dz (loss of negative feedback of gonadal steroids and hyper stimulation of LH receptors on adrenal cortex)

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26
Q

what type of ovulators are ferrets? what kind of estrous cycle do they have?

A

seasonally polyestrous
induced ovulators

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27
Q

when are ferrets most sexually active?

A

long photoperiod (Mar-Aug)

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28
Q

when do ferrets ovulate?

A

30-40h after sexy times

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29
Q

how long is ferret gestation?

A

41-42 days
(pseudopregnancy similar)

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30
Q

why should you always try to breed intact female ferrets?

A

~half of estrous females will remain in estrus and develop BM tox from high E2 concentration

31
Q

what is the tx for the BM tox that can happen when intact female ferrets aren’t bred?

A

100 IU hCG, followed by OHE when stable (once anemia and thrombocytopenia resolved)

32
Q

in ferrets, _____ cysts are secondary to _______.

A

prostatic, transitional cell tumors in bladder

33
Q

how long is the hamster estrous cycle?

A

4 days

34
Q

how can you tell that a hamster is going to ovulate?

A

opaque vag D/C the day before ovulation

no D/C 4 days before breeding = preg most likely

35
Q

hamsters are _____ breeders. when are they most sexually active?

A

seasonal

long photoperiods

36
Q

when can you breed hamsters?

A

female: 10 weeks
male: 14 weeks

37
Q

should you separate males and females hamsters after sexy bone times?

A

females usually taken to males for breeding; if receptive, they can remain together for the night, then separate in the morning

38
Q

how long is hamster gestation?

A

15-16d

39
Q

hamsters are born _______.

A

altricial (not precocial)

40
Q

true or false: you should provide nesting material for hamsters and minimize disturbance 1 week post partum

A

true

41
Q

true or false: hamsters will cannibalize litter or put pups into cheek pouches to protect them

A

true

42
Q

when do guinea pigs have their first estrus? when can they be bred?

A

first estrus: 5-6 weeks
female: 500g (2-3mo)
male: 650g (3-4mo)

43
Q

why must you breed guinea pig females before 6-10 mo?

A

because pubic symphysis will close and they will be at risk of dystocia

44
Q

what type of estrous cycle do guinea pigs have? what kind of ovulators are they?

A

polyesters, year round
spontaneous ovulation

45
Q

what is the duration of the guinea pig estrous cycle? how long does estrus last?

A

15-17d
estrus: 24-48h

46
Q

how long is the gestation period in guinea pigs

A

65d

47
Q

what must you do for pregnant guinea pigs?

A

avoid excessive calories, 30mg/kg/day vit C, 4mg/kg/day Ca late gestation, ensure exercise

48
Q

how can you use the fibrocartilaginous pubic symphysis of guinea pigs to predict parturition? what hormone helps you do this?

A

relaxin!
symphysis disintegrates after day 30

1.5cm apart 48h prepartum
2-3cm apart at parturition

49
Q

what can you give to induce parturition in guinea pigs >66d gestation?

A

oxytocin

50
Q

guinea pig parturition should occur in _______mins.

A

15 mins

51
Q

guinea pigs have fertile estrus _____ after parturtiion

A

2-15h

52
Q

guinea pigs are ____ at birth

A

precocial

53
Q

when should you wean gunea pigs?

A

2-4 weeks

54
Q

true or false: pseudopregnancy is common in guinea pigs

A

false! it is uncommon

55
Q

what 2 diseases are pregnant guinea pigs predisposed to?

A
  • preg tok (preg ketosis)
  • hypocalcemia
56
Q

when does pregnancy toxicity usually occur in guinea pigs? what is the usually outcome?

A

last 2 weeks of pregnancy
fatal

57
Q

what are the predisposing factors for pregnancy toxicity in guinea pigs?

A
  • obesity (>800g)
  • fasting
  • first or second pregnancy
  • change in diet
  • stress
  • genetics
58
Q

how do you dx pregnancy toxicity in guinea pigs?

A

ketones in urine

aciduria

59
Q

how do you tx preg tox in guinea pigs?

A
  • fluids w/ dextrose
  • Ca gluconate
  • prednisone (if shock)
60
Q

how do you treat periparturient hypocalcemia in guinea pigs

A

Ca gluconate

61
Q

when do mice reach sexual maturity?

A

6-8 weeks

62
Q

what is the cycle length of mice? how long does estrus last?

A

4-5 days
estrus: 12h

63
Q

what can you give to induce ovulation in mice?

A

eCG or hCG

64
Q

when should you remove the male mouse from the female mouse after breeding?

A

when pregnancy apparent

65
Q

what is the gestation length in mice?

A

19-21 d

66
Q

when can mice become pregnant again after parturition

A

24h post partum

67
Q

true or false: cannibalize is common in mice (with babies)

A

true

68
Q

what is the cycle length of rats?

A

4-5d

69
Q

what is the gestation length of rats?

A

21-24d

70
Q

when do rats reach sexual maturity?

A

female: 8-12 weeks
male: 6-10 weeks

71
Q

do you have to remove male rat from female rat after sexy times?

A

nope!
male rats are “family oriented” and can stay with female and pups

72
Q

anogenital distance in males is twice as long as females in what species?

A

mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas

73
Q

in which species do females have a penis-like structure?

A

rabbits: vag papilla
chinchilla: cone shaped clitoris ventral to vag

74
Q

how can you determine sex in guinea pigs?

A

boars: extrudable penis
female: u-shaped vag membrane

541 (sex class) (22 decks)

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