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Y1S1 > PRMLS - Midterms 7 > Flashcards

PRMLS - Midterms 7 Flashcards

1
Q

WHICH PROKA AND EUKA? (HUMAN&BACTERIA)

A

PROKARYOTE - BACTERIA
EUKARYOTE - HUMAN

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2
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: COCCUS

A

BERRY / ROUND / SPHERICAL

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3
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: BACILLUS

A

STICK / ROD

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4
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: SPIRAL

A

CORKSCREW

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5
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: PLEOMORPHIC

A

NO DEFINITE SHAPE DUE TO CELL WALL

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6
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: ROUND/ SPHERICAL

A

COCCUS

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7
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: STICK ROD

A

BACILLUS

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8
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: CORKSCREW

A

SPIRALS

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9
Q

SHAPE OF BACTERIA: NO DEFINIRE SHAPE DUE TO ABSENCE OF CELL WALL

A

PLEOMORPHIC

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10
Q

4 EXAMPLES OF SHAPE CLASSICATION OF CELLS

A
  • COCCUS
  • BACILLUS
  • SPIRALS
  • PLEOMORPHIC
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10
Q

GIVE 5 WAYS CELLS ARE CLASSIFIED

A
  • ACC TO SHAPE
  • ACC TO ARRANGEMENT
  • ACC TO GRAM’S REACTION
  • ACC TO ACID FAST STAIN
  • OTHER CLASSIFICATION
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11
Q

7 EXAMPLES OF ARRANGEMENT CLASSICATION OF CELLS

A
  • SINGLES
  • PAIRS
  • CHAINS
  • CLUSTERS
  • 4’S
  • 8’S
  • PALISADE
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12
Q

4 EXAMPLES OF GRAMS REACTION CLASSICATION OF CELLS

A
  • CRYSTAL VIOLET
  • GRAM’S IODINE
  • ALCOHOL
  • SEFRANIN
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12
Q

“OTHER CLASSIFICATION” INCLUDE?

A
  • OXYGEN REQ
  • TEMPERATURE REQ
  • NUTRITIONAL REQ
  • OSMOTIC PRESSURE REQ
  • PH
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13
Q

RECITE THE COCCUS TYPE OF ARRANGEMENT

A

COCCUS - 1
DIPLOCOCCI -2
DIPLOCOCCI ENCAPSULATED - 2 WITH CAPSULE
TETRAD - 4
SARCINA - 8
STREPTOCOCCI - CHAIN
STRAPHYLOCOCCI - CLUSTER

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14
Q

RECITE THE BACILLUS TYPE OF ARRANGEMENT

A

COCCOBACILLUS - OBLONG
BACILLUS - 1
DIPLOBACILLI - 2
STREPTOBACILLI - CHAIN
PALISADES - INDEFINITE

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15
Q

THE POSITIVE GRAM CELL WALL HAS?

A

TECHOIC ACID AND PERIPLASMIC SPACE

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16
Q

THE NEGATIVE GRAM CELL WALL HAS?

A

PERIPLASMIC SPACE ONYL

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17
Q

WHICH IS THICK AND THIN GRAM CELL WALL?

A

THICK (+)
THIN (-)

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18
Q

WHAT COLORS ARE GRAM +,- PRIMARILY?

A

+ = BLUE/VIOLET
- = RED/PINK

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19
Q

WHAT IS GRAM CELL WALL’S PRIMARY STAIN?

A

CRYSTAL VIOLET

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20
Q

WHAT IS GRAM CELL WALL’S MORDANT

A

GRAM’S IODINE

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21
Q

WHAT IS GRAM CELL WALL’S DECOLORIZER

A

ALCOHOL/ ACETONE

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22
Q

WHAT IS GRAM CELL WALL’S SECONDARY STAIN

A

SAFRANIN

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23
Q

WHERE IS THE THING THAT THE GRAM (+) IS EXPOSED AND WILL EMIT CHANGE?

WHAT COLOR WILL IT BE?

A

NONE

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24
Q

WHERE IS THE ONLY THING THAT THE GRAM (-) IS EXPOSED AND WILL EMIT CHANGE?

WHAT COLOR WILL IT BE?

A

DECOLORIZER / ALCOHOL
- IT WILL TURN COLORLESS

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25
Q

GRAM NEGATIVE HAS THE COLOR ? THROUGHOUT

A

VIOLET

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26
Q

WHAT COLOR IS GRAM NEGATIVE WHEN EXPOSED TO SAFRANIN

A

PINK / RED

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27
Q

WHY GRAM (+) ARE NOT AFFECTED BY DECOLORIZERS??

A

THICK CELL WALL THAT ABSORBS

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28
Q

INVENTED GRAM’S STAIN?

A

HANS CHRISTIAN GRAM

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29
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS PRIMARY STAIN IN ZIEHL-NEELSEN?

A

CARBOL FUSCHIA

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30
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS MORDANT IN ZIEHL-NEELSEN

A

HEAT

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31
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS DECOLORIZER IN ZIEHL-NEELSEN

A

ACID ALCOHOL

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32
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS SECONDARY STAIN IN ZIEHL-NEELSEN

A

METHYLENE BLUE

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33
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS PRIMARY STAIN IN KINYOUN

A

CARBOL FUSCHIA

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34
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS MORDANT IN KINYOUN

A

TERGITOL

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35
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS DECOLORIZER IN KINYOUN

A

ACID ALCOHOL

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36
Q

WHAT IS THE AFS SECONDARY STAIN IN KINYOUN

A

METHYLENE BLUE

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37
Q

WHAT IS AFS + COLOR?

A

RED

38
Q

WHAT IS AFS - COLOR

A

COLORLESS UNDER DECOLORIZER
BLUE/GREEN UNDER SECONDARY STAIN
THE REST IS RED

39
Q

ACID FAST STAIN IS GRAM + OR -

A

GRAM +

40
Q

AEROBIC MEANS?

A

NEEDS OXYGEN TO GROW

41
Q

ANAEROBIC MEANS?

A

DOESNT NEED OXYGEN TO GROW

42
Q

SURVIVES HIGH SALT CONCENTRATION

A

HALOPHILES

43
Q

SURVIVES BOTH HIGH AND NORMAL SALT CONCENTRATION

A

FACULTATIVE HALOPHILES

44
Q

SURVOVES 0.2 MOLAR SALTS

A

NON HALOPHILES

45
Q

HOW MANY MOLAR SALTS DOES NON HALOPHILE SURVIVES

A

0.2

46
Q

SURVIVES ACIDIC

A

ACIDOPHILES

47
Q

SURVIVES ALKALINES

A

ALKALOPHILES

48
Q

SURVIVES NEUTRAL

A

NEUTROPHILES

49
Q

NEUTRAL PH

A

7

50
Q

COLD LOVING

A

PSYCHROPHILIC

51
Q

PSYCHROPHILIC GROWS IN WHAT TEMP?

A

10c

52
Q

MOST PATHOGENS GROW IN THIS TEMP

A

MESOPHILIC

53
Q

MESOPHILIC GROWS IN WHAT TEMP?

A

20-40C

54
Q

AVERAGE/PREFERED MESOPHILIC TEMP

A

37C

55
Q

GROWS IN 50-55C

A

THERMOPHILIC

56
Q

THERMOPHILIC TEMP RANGE?

A

50-55C

57
Q

THREE TYPES OF TEST FOR BACTERIAL SAMPLES

A

MACROSCOPIC EVALUATION
MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION
BIOCHEMICAL TEST

58
Q

TO OBSERVE CHARACTERISTICS VISIBLE TO THE EYE
(COLOR, ODOR)

A

MACROSCOPIC EVAL

59
Q

TO OBSERVE USING THE MICROSCOPE
(GRAMS REAC, AFS, MORPHOLOGY)

A

MICROSCOPIC EVAL

60
Q

TO OBSERVE USING TESTS TO DETERMINE CHEMICALS THAT ARE PRODUCED BY BACTERIA (TESTS FOR CHO, CHON, LIPIDS ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY)

A

BIOCHEMICAL TES

61
Q

MEANS BACTERIA CAN BE USED FOR TREATMENT

A

SUSCEPTIBLE

62
Q

FUNGIS AND BACTERIA ARE EUKA OR PROKA?

A

EUKA - FUNGI
PROKA - BACTERIA

63
Q

WHICH HAS STEROLS (FUNGI VS BACTERIA)

A

FUNGI

64
Q

FUNGAL INFECTIONS;

A

MYCOSIS

65
Q

MULTICELLULAR FUNGI

A

MOULDS

66
Q

MOULDS GROW IN WHAT TEMP?

A

25-30C

67
Q

SINGLE CELL FUNGI

A

YEAST

68
Q

YEAST GROW AT WHAT TEMP?

A

35-37C

69
Q

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION REQUIRES?

A

SPORES

70
Q

THE ONLY FUNGAL GROUP TO PRODUCE CONIDIA

A

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

71
Q

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION PRODUCES

A

CONIDIA

72
Q

FORMS MYCELIUM

A

HYPHAE

73
Q

TWO TYPES OF HYPHAE

A

SEPTATE AND ASEPTATE

74
Q

TYPE OF HYPHAE THAT HAS CELLULAR SEPERATION

A

SEPTATE

75
Q

TYPE OF HYPHAE THAT HAS NO CELLULAR SEPERATION

A

ASEPTATE

76
Q

COLONY OF FUNGUS

A

MYCELIUM

77
Q

COLONY MASS OF FUNGUS

A

THALLUS

78
Q

VIRUS CONTAIN?

A

DNA OR RNA

79
Q

FATHER OF VIROLOGY

A

DMITRI IWANOWSKI

80
Q

PROPOSED FOR ‘KURU;

A

CARLETON GAJDUSEK

81
Q

ENCODES PROTEIN

A

NUCLEIC ACID

82
Q

PROTEIN COAT THAT ENCLOSES GENETIC MATERIAL

A

CAPSID

83
Q

COMPLEX OF NUCLEIC ACID AND CAPSID

A

NUCLEOCAPSID

84
Q

COMPLETE VIRUS PARTICLE; NAKED OR ENEVELOPED

A

VIRION

85
Q

TWO SHAPES OF CAPSID

A

HELICAL AND ICOSAHEDRAL

86
Q

SURROUNDS THE CAPSID

A

ENEVLOPE

87
Q

FUNCTIONS AS AN ATTACHEMENT

A

SPIKES

88
Q

MOST INFECTIOUS TYPE OF VIRUS

A

NAKED

89
Q

WITH CIRCULAR RNA MOLECULES
WITHOUT CAPSID

A

VIRIOD

90
Q

PASSENGERS IN VIRUS CAPSIDS

A

VIRUSOIDS

91
Q

MADE OF SINGL TYPE OF PROTEIN WITHOUT NUCLEIC ACIS

A

PRIONS

92
Q

REPLICATION OF VIRUS: STEPS

A

ADSORPTION
PENETRATION
UNCOATING
SYNTHESIS
ASSEMBLY
RELEASE

93
Q

INITIAL STAGE OF VIRUS

A

ADSORPTION

94
Q

MAY BE ACCOMBLISHED BY MEMBRANE FUSION

A

PENETRATION

95
Q

PENETRATION CAN HAPPEN THROUGH?

A

MEMBRANE FUSION OR RECEPTOR MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS

Y1S1 (31 decks)

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