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YEAR 4 > Prep 8 > Flashcards

Prep 8 Flashcards

1
Q

falls when shaving face

A

carotid sinus syndrome

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2
Q

ECG changes in COPD

A

Right axis deviation, RVH (hyperexpanded lungs, pulmonary hypertension stress on right side of the heart)
porminent p waves and low voltage QRS

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3
Q

aortic dissection ix

A

CT

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4
Q

ECG changes in autonomic neuropathy

A

loss of sinus arrythmia (no decrease in hr after taking a deep breath)

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5
Q

ECG changes in hypothermia

A

J waves

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6
Q

ECG changes in hypocalcemia

A

U waves

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7
Q

Side effect of CCbs

A

ankle odema

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8
Q

SEs of thiazide diuretics

A

gout (DCT block Na+-Cl−)

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9
Q

doxazosin

A

alpha 1 blocker

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10
Q

ACEI se and CI

A

dry cough, renal artery stenosis

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11
Q

Statin Se

A

muscle weakness and raise CK

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12
Q

BB SE

A

cold hands and feet

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13
Q

amphetamines SE

A

arrythmiass

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14
Q

On 3 antihypertensives and keeps fainting

A

iatrogenic

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15
Q

CO

A

SV x HR

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16
Q

chest lead at apex

A

V4

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17
Q

Defibrillation

A

VF or pulseless VT (immediately if witnessed cardiac arrest or after 2 mins of CPR is unwitnessed out of hospital)

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18
Q

Parasympa outflow

A

3, 7, 9, 10

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19
Q

rib notching on CXR

A

coarcation of aorta

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20
Q

collapsing pulse

A

aortic regurge

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21
Q

machine like murmer

A

patent ductus arteriosus

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22
Q

slow rising pulse

A

aortic stenosis

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23
Q

cresendo decresondo murmur

A

aortic stenosis

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24
Q

haemosideran staining

A

brown oatcthes in lower legs associated with venous stasis

25
Q

marjolins ulcer

A

agressive ulcerating SCC

26
Q

ABPI >1.2

A

calcified stiff arteries

calculate toe brachial index

27
Q

ABPI <0.8

A 
arterial disease (PAD)
if <0/4 refer immediately for vascular opinion
28
Q

cyclizine mechanism

A

antihistamine (antiemetic)

29
Q

odansatron

A

5ht3 antagonist (antiemetic)

30
Q

prochlorprazine, metoclopramide

A

antidopaminergic (antiemetic)

31
Q

Hyoscine

A

anticholinergic (antiemetic)

32
Q

ABGs in chronic antacid use

A

metablic alkalosis

33
Q

ABGs in DKA

A

metabolic acidosis

34
Q

BE value in metabolic

A

NEGATIVE

35
Q

ABGs in hyperventilation

A

respiratory alkalosis

36
Q

ABGs in meningococcal septicemia

A

Mixed resp and metabolic acidosis

37
Q

ABGs in COPD exacerbation

A

respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation

38
Q

ABGs in vomitting

A

metabolic alkalosis

39
Q

gum hyperpigmentation

A

synacthen test (addisons)

40
Q

easy bruiding and puffy face

A

overnight dexamethasone test (cushings)

41
Q

sweating, palpiations

A

urinary chatecholamines (phaochromocytoma)

42
Q

woman collapses high potassium low sodium glucose 3.1 daughter says she has not taken medication

A

addisonian crisis (lack of aldosterone decreases Na reabsorption)

43
Q

Diabetic drug causing hypos

A

SUs (glicazide)

44
Q

Diabetic drug causing weight gain

A

SUs (glicazide)

45
Q

Diabetic drug causing fluid retention

A

glitazones

46
Q

swimming in lake malawi now haematuria

A

schistosomasis

47
Q

back from kenya with fever

A

malaria

48
Q

white raised patches on back of throat back from africa

A

HIV

49
Q

legionella test

A

urine antigen

50
Q

gardiella test

A

stool microscopy

51
Q

viral hepatitis test

A

blood serology

52
Q

rhythm control in AF

A

HF, first onset AF, reversible cause
amioderone if structural heart disease
flecainide without structural heart diseae (if >48 hour symtpoms anticoagulate for 3 weeks)
electrical cardioversion if unstable (anticoagulate for 4 weeks after)

53
Q

lab findings in osteomalacia/rickets

A 
low vit D
low Ca
low phostphate
high PTH (released when low Ca, trying to restore Ca- secondary hyperparathyroidism)
high ALP (osteoblast activity increased)
54
Q

lab findings in hyperparathyroidism

A 
high PTH (bengign adenoma, hyperplasia or malignancy of parathyroid galnad increasing pth production)
high Ca (PTH increases Ca levels in the blood)
Phosphate normal or low
55
Q

what happens in tertiary hyperparathyroidism

A

in chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism tissue hyperplases.When the biocemical causing original problem is corrected the parathyrpid gland still produces lots ofPTH

56
Q

lab findings in osteoporosis

A

normal (quantative issue not qulatative)

57
Q

lab findings in pagets

A

ca, phosphate and PTH normal
ALP high
(FH, old, bone pain)

58
Q

lab findings in bone mets

A

high Ca
low PTH
high ALP

YEAR 4 (27 decks)

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