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YEAR 4 > Prep 6 > Flashcards

Prep 6 Flashcards

1
Q

hyoceine

A

antimuscarinic (hydro is for nausea, but is antispasmotic for cramps)

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2
Q

prochlorperazine and metoclopramide

A

D2 antagonists

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3
Q

5ht antagonists

A

odansatron

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4
Q

cyclizine, promethazine

A

h2 antagonists

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5
Q

painless jaundice

A

pancreatic cancer (often at the head of the pancreas)

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6
Q

55 year old woman with known gallstones, presents with a 2 day history of jaundice, nausea and rigors. O/E she is pyrexial and is tender in the RUQ

A

ascending cholangitis (charcot triad - ruq pain, fever, jaundice)

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7
Q

grapefruit juice and statins

A

grapefruit is a cytochrome enzyme inhibitor (more statin in the blood can cause rhabdomyolysis and kidney damage)

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8
Q

plummer vinson

A

dysphagia and anaemia

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9
Q

dysphagia without pain

A

oesophageal web

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10
Q

gardia and amoeba

A

> 7 day incubation period
diarrhoea
stool microspoy

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11
Q

gardiasis treatment

A

metronidazole

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12
Q

courcoisiers law

A

non tender palpable gall bladder in presence of juandice is not likely to be due to gall stones

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13
Q

Is spironolactone hepatotoxic

A

no

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14
Q

undercooked poultry

A

salmonella

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15
Q

ill grandchild

A

rota virus most common cause of diarrhoea in <3yrs

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16
Q

bacillis cerus

A

rice

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17
Q

appendicitis diagnosis

A

clinical

if suspicious then surgery needed

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18
Q

cobble stone mucosa

A

crohns

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19
Q

murphys sign

A

cholecytisis (arrest of inspiration on palpation of RUQ)

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20
Q

UC treatment

A

mild to moderate mesalazine

severe IV steroids

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21
Q

Most common cause of travellers diarrhoea

A

ETEC

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22
Q

urea breath test

A

h pylorie

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23
Q

thumb printing at splenic flexure

A

ischaemic colitis

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24
Q

treatment of campylobacter and salmonella if comorbitity

A

ciproflaxacin

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25
Q

C diff infection

A 
oral met (non-severe)
oral vanc (severe)
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26
Q

Short bowel sydnrome

A

<200cm

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27
Q

Meckels diverticulum rule of 2

A

2% of population
2 feet from ileocelael valve
2 inches

28
Q

Cheif cell produce

A

pepsinogen

29
Q

how much water is reabosrbed in large and SI

A

10% in large

90% in small

30
Q

treatment of ascites

A

spironolactone

31
Q

dimeric antibodie ffound in secretions

A

IgA

32
Q

what is zollinger ellison syndrome

A

high gastrin levels usually due gastrin secreting tumour of pancreas or duodenum (proximal wall common site)

33
Q

what does psuedomembranous colitis look like and what can it casue

A

yellow white plaques following abx can lead to toxic megacolon

34
Q

pseudopolyps

A

UC

35
Q

diarrhoea in aids/hiv

A

crytosporidium

36
Q

mouth ulcer with spidery web shite pattern

A

drug induced lichenoid plaque

37
Q

apthous ulcer lesion

A

painful greyish ulcer with red halo

38
Q

mouth cancer lesion

A

panless rolled ulcer

39
Q

gastric resection and now unsteady on feet

A 
b12 deficiency (loss of pareital IF)
peripheral neuropathy
40
Q

gastric resection and now unsteady on feet

A 
b12 deficiency (loss of pareital IF)
peripheral neuropathy
41
Q

treatment of ascities

A

spironolactone

42
Q

thumbprinting of the bowel on AXR

A

sign of large bowel wall thickening due to inflammation or infection (causes include - IBD, infection, ischaemia)

43
Q

RUQ pain + elevated liver function test + fever

A

hepatitis

44
Q

RUQ pain radiating to shoulder

A

acute cholecyctisis

45
Q

Abdominal pain radiating to the back with a hx of gall stones

A

pancreatits

46
Q

c.diff diagnosis

A

CDiff toxin in stool

47
Q

where does diverticular disease commonly occur and why

A

between tinea coli where the vessels pierce the muscle to supply the mucosa (rectum lacks tinea so usually spared)

48
Q

fat soluble vitamins

A

A D E K

49
Q

what is given to prevent ecepalopathy in alcoholis

A

thiamine

50
Q

difference between ureteric colic and biliary colic

A

ureteric: loin pain radiating to the groin
biliary: jaundice and RUQ

51
Q

high alk phos is found calssically in what type of jaundice

A

post hepatic

52
Q

keyser fleisher rings

A

wilsons

53
Q

Investigation for competancy of arteries in legs

A

ABPI

54
Q

dusky colon

A

venous stasis causes increased pressures in the intestinal walls (ischaemia)

55
Q

why does antibiotic not help ulcer on foot

A

needs drainage

56
Q

too painful to do PR exam

A

examine under anaesthesia

57
Q

anal fissure

A

pain and bleeding

58
Q

who is offered aaa screeening and what are the possible outcomes

A

men at 65
normal (<3cm) - discharged
<5.5: surveillance (3-4.5 annual, 4.5-4.5 3 monthly)
>5.5: surgery

59
Q

colon screening

A

FOB
50-74 yrs every 2 yrs
FAP colonscopies every year and colon removal recommended by 25
lynch/hnpcc: start screening at 25 (or 5 years before age of affected relative) - colonoscopy every 2 yrs
strong fh (first degree relative): colonoscopy 35-45

60
Q

investigating haemarrhoids

A

inspection
pr exam
rectoscopy

61
Q

nutcfacker oesophagus

A

(peristalsis >180mmHg)

nitrates, nifidepine, sildenafil

62
Q

Alcohol, gallstones PMH, and epigastric pain

A

pancreatitis

63
Q

Woman bilateral lymphoedema, not hot/swollen, chest/rest/abdo exam all normal

A

pelvic uss

64
Q

Retired chef for 40 years, leg lymphoedema, dark ankle discolourations

A

doppler USS

65
Q

pulsatile mass not expansile in femoral area

A

femoral hernia (femoral aneurysm would be expansile)

66
Q

Pancreatic Ca and jaundice investagtion

A

USS

YEAR 4 (27 decks)

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