Antenatal Care

Question 1

How many antenatal visits are recommended for first pregnancies and subsequent pregnancies if uncomplicated?

Answer 1

10

7

Question 2

When is the booking visit?

Answer 2

8-12 weeks ideally before 10

Question 3

What is a red cell alloantibody?

Answer 3

antibody formed against a blood group antigen that is not present in the person’s red blood cells (pregnancy, transfusion, transplantation)

Question 4

What are haemoglobinopathies?

Answer 4

genetic defects that causes structural abnormalities in globin proteins (sickle cell) or abnormally low production of globin chains (thalassemias)

Question 5

treatment for nausea and vomitting in pregnancy

Answer 5

ginger, p6 wrist acupressure
cyclizine, promethazine
odansatron, metoclopramide (not for >5days)

Question 6

what blood results in 11-13+6 screening test suggest downs?

Answer 6

high B-HCG

low PAPP-A

Question 7

What blood results in 15-20 quadriple test suggest downs?

Answer 7

high B-HCG
high inhibin A
low AFP
low Uncongugated estriol

Question 8

When is anti D prophylaxis offered?

Answer 8

Rh- mothers at 28 and 34 weeks

Question 9

Management of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

Answer 9

propylthiouracil preferred over carbimazole as carbimazole has been associated with congenital defects (both cross the placent)

Question 10

Antihypertensives in pregnancy

Answer 10

labetalol
nifidepine
hydralazine

Question 11

How can you differentiate the frontal and posterior frontanelles?

Answer 11

anterior is diamond shaped

posterior is triangular shaped

Question 12

What structures within the female reproductive tract are perceived as suprapubic pain and what kind of nerve fibres are invovled?

Answer 12

superior pelvic organs that are in contact with the peritoneum (ovaries, uterine tube, uterus)
afferent visceral fibres travel with sympathetic fibres and enter at T11,12

Question 13

What structures within the female repro tract are perceived as pernineal pain in S2,3,4 dermatome and what kind of fibres are involved?

Answer 13

inferior pelvic organs not touching the peritoneum and crossing the levator ani (cervix, superior vagina, urethra)
afferent visceral fibres travel with parasympathetic fibres and enter at S2,3,4

Question 14

What structures within the female repro tract are perceived as localised perineal pain and what fibres are involved?

Answer 14

structures below the levator ani (inferior vagina, perineal muscles, glands and skin)
somatic sensory fibres that travel with pudendal nerve to S2, 3, 4

Question 15

What does the pudendal nerve supply?

Answer 15

motor and sensory information from perineum
external genitalia
external urethral sphincter
external anal sphincter

Question 16

What hormone initiates and sustains contractions?

Answer 16

oxytocin

Question 17

what is a term baby

Answer 17

38-42 weeks