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YEAR 4 > Prep 7 > Flashcards

Prep 7 Flashcards

1
Q

lip smacking, fiddling fingeres
dysphasia
de ja vu
emotional disturbance

A

temporal lobe focal seizure

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2
Q

posturing, peddling legs, pelvic thrust

A

frontal lobe focal seizure (motor)

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3
Q

tingling, numbness, pain

A

parietal lobe focal seizure (sensory)

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4
Q

spots, lines, flashes

A

occipital focal seizure (visual cortex)

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5
Q

disulfram

A

promotes abstinence (makes you sick when drink alcohol)

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6
Q

acamprosate

A

reduces craving

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7
Q

What is wernikes encepalopathy and what can it progress to

A

neurological lesions due to thiamine deficiency
triad - ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, confusion
classically seen in alcoholics due to thiamine (B1 deficiency)
korsakoffs - presence of amnesia (chronic)

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8
Q

Dementia in old man, severe behavioural changes, was embarrassing grandchildren/family

A

frototemporal dementia

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9
Q

Woman with children, N&V, then sudden onset dizziness lasting 2 weeks

A

acute labyrinthitis (viral infection in labyrinth hearing can be affected in contrast to vestibular neuritis hearing not affected)

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10
Q

standing up from chair and dizzy

A

orthostatic hypotension (primary autonomic failure in PD and LBD) secondary autonomic failure in diabetes
drug induced
volume depleted

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11
Q

side effect of levodopa

A

peak dose dyskinesia

postural hypotension

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12
Q

painful neck, horners

A

carotid dissection

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13
Q

MCA stroke

A

hemipariesis and sensory loss, homonimous hemianopia (both on contralateral side)
aphasia

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14
Q

early signs of opioid toxicity

A

confusion, delirium
vomitting
pinpoint pupils
drowsy

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15
Q

RTA hit on side of head and deteriorated in A&E

A

extra-dural

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16
Q

pathology of PD

A

loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra

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17
Q

neurotransmitter low in alzeihmers

A

Ach

degeneration of neurones in grey matter of cortex, amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles

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18
Q

neurotransmitter low in depression

A

5-ht

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19
Q

nerve in extensor compartment of lower leg

A

(anterior compartment)

deep fibular nerve

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20
Q

epse

A

akathesia (restlessness)
tardive dyskinesia
parkinsonism
acute dystonia

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21
Q

neurotransmitter affected in myasthenia gravis

A

Ach

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22
Q

headache with tingling in arms

A

migraine with aura

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23
Q

headache and stiff shoulders

A

polymyalgia rheumatica with GCA (ESR >40, biopsy shows giant cells classically skip lesions)

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24
Q

head lagging and dysphonia

A

myasthenia gravis (anti ACHABs and single fibre EMG)

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25
Q

c5

A

side of arm

26
Q

l1

A

groin

27
Q

nerve supplying quadraceps

A

femoral nerve

28
Q

investigation for prolapsed disc

A

MRI

29
Q

investigation for SAH if CT normal

A

LP

30
Q

Papilloedema, headache and hemiparesis

A

CT look for SOL

31
Q

pappilloedema on fundoscopy

A

dilated veins
loss of optic disc margins
elavation of optic disc
loss of optic cup

32
Q

alcoholic haemorhage

A

sub dural

33
Q

boxer haemorrhage

A

extra dural

34
Q

unconscious after rta

A

diffuse axonal injury

35
Q

hallucinations and parkinsonism

A

LB dementia

36
Q

behaviour and language change

A

frontotemporal dementia

37
Q

positive femoral nerve stretch test

A

L3, L4 disc prolapse

38
Q

sensory loss on dorsum of foot, weakness of big toe dorsi flexion

A

L5 nerve compression

39
Q

sensory loss over anterior thigh

A

L3,L4 prolapse

40
Q

senspry loss posterorlateral aspect of leg and lateral foot

A

s1 nerve compression

41
Q

lowering intracranial pressure in SOL

A

dexamethasone

42
Q

UMN and LMN signs

A

motor neurone disease

43
Q

nerve supply to the tongue

A

anterior 2/3rds: taste VII, sensation V3 (lingual division of mandibular)
posterior 1/3rd: taste and sensation glossopharygneal IX
motor all: hypoglossal XII

44
Q

hypertension and flame shaped haemorrhages

A

retinal vein occlusion

45
Q

ataxia and past pointing

A

cerebeller lesion

46
Q

triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

dementia
urinary incontinance
gait disturbances

47
Q

Nystagmus of right eye looking to right and failure of left eye to cross midline on looking to right

A

internuclear ophthalmoplegia

left MLF lesion

48
Q

LOC when turning head sharply

A

vertebrobasilar insuffieciency

49
Q

what is sydenhams chorea

A

rapid jerking like movements

occurs in children after GAS infection (can be presenting feature of rheumatic fever)

50
Q

oligoclonal bands in csf

A

MS

51
Q

vertical diplopia when walking down stairs

A

SO4 palsy

52
Q

what is a reflex anoxic seizure and what classically causes it

A

syncope classically seen in children fallowing bump to the head

53
Q

axillary nerve palsy

A

deltoid weakness

loss of sensation over regemental badge area

54
Q

low-grade fever, local tenderness at L3

A

discitis

55
Q

lorry driver, stiff and tender back

A

mechanical back pain

56
Q

sudden shooting pain while performing lifting

A

prolapsed disc

57
Q

ipsilateral facial weakness and facial sensory loss

ataxia

A

pontine stroke

58
Q

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

A

posterior cerebral artery stroke

59
Q

musculocutaneous nerve palsy

A

pain, tingling and reduced sensation over lateral forearm

waekness of elbo flexion and supination

60
Q

median nerve palsy

A

(weakness in carpal tunnel syndrome)
paralysis of thenar muscles cant abduct and opose thumb (ape hand)
sensory loss to middle ring

61
Q

ulnar nerve palsy

A

loss of sensation in ring and pinky

cubital tunnel syndrome

62
Q

radial nerve palsy

A

wrist drop

YEAR 4 (27 decks)

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