Prep 7 Flashcards
lip smacking, fiddling fingeres
dysphasia
de ja vu
emotional disturbance
temporal lobe focal seizure
posturing, peddling legs, pelvic thrust
frontal lobe focal seizure (motor)
tingling, numbness, pain
parietal lobe focal seizure (sensory)
spots, lines, flashes
occipital focal seizure (visual cortex)
disulfram
promotes abstinence (makes you sick when drink alcohol)
acamprosate
reduces craving
What is wernikes encepalopathy and what can it progress to
neurological lesions due to thiamine deficiency
triad - ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, confusion
classically seen in alcoholics due to thiamine (B1 deficiency)
korsakoffs - presence of amnesia (chronic)
Dementia in old man, severe behavioural changes, was embarrassing grandchildren/family
frototemporal dementia
Woman with children, N&V, then sudden onset dizziness lasting 2 weeks
acute labyrinthitis (viral infection in labyrinth hearing can be affected in contrast to vestibular neuritis hearing not affected)
standing up from chair and dizzy
orthostatic hypotension (primary autonomic failure in PD and LBD) secondary autonomic failure in diabetes
drug induced
volume depleted
side effect of levodopa
peak dose dyskinesia
postural hypotension
painful neck, horners
carotid dissection
MCA stroke
hemipariesis and sensory loss, homonimous hemianopia (both on contralateral side)
aphasia
early signs of opioid toxicity
confusion, delirium
vomitting
pinpoint pupils
drowsy
RTA hit on side of head and deteriorated in A&E
extra-dural
pathology of PD
loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra
neurotransmitter low in alzeihmers
Ach
degeneration of neurones in grey matter of cortex, amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles
neurotransmitter low in depression
5-ht
nerve in extensor compartment of lower leg
(anterior compartment)
deep fibular nerve
epse
akathesia (restlessness)
tardive dyskinesia
parkinsonism
acute dystonia
neurotransmitter affected in myasthenia gravis
Ach
headache with tingling in arms
migraine with aura
headache and stiff shoulders
polymyalgia rheumatica with GCA (ESR >40, biopsy shows giant cells classically skip lesions)
head lagging and dysphonia
myasthenia gravis (anti ACHABs and single fibre EMG)
c5
side of arm
l1
groin
nerve supplying quadraceps
femoral nerve
investigation for prolapsed disc
MRI
investigation for SAH if CT normal
LP
Papilloedema, headache and hemiparesis
CT look for SOL
pappilloedema on fundoscopy
dilated veins
loss of optic disc margins
elavation of optic disc
loss of optic cup
alcoholic haemorhage
sub dural
boxer haemorrhage
extra dural
unconscious after rta
diffuse axonal injury
hallucinations and parkinsonism
LB dementia
behaviour and language change
frontotemporal dementia
positive femoral nerve stretch test
L3, L4 disc prolapse
sensory loss on dorsum of foot, weakness of big toe dorsi flexion
L5 nerve compression
sensory loss over anterior thigh
L3,L4 prolapse
senspry loss posterorlateral aspect of leg and lateral foot
s1 nerve compression
lowering intracranial pressure in SOL
dexamethasone
UMN and LMN signs
motor neurone disease
nerve supply to the tongue
anterior 2/3rds: taste VII, sensation V3 (lingual division of mandibular)
posterior 1/3rd: taste and sensation glossopharygneal IX
motor all: hypoglossal XII
hypertension and flame shaped haemorrhages
retinal vein occlusion
ataxia and past pointing
cerebeller lesion
triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus
dementia
urinary incontinance
gait disturbances
Nystagmus of right eye looking to right and failure of left eye to cross midline on looking to right
internuclear ophthalmoplegia
left MLF lesion
LOC when turning head sharply
vertebrobasilar insuffieciency
what is sydenhams chorea
rapid jerking like movements
occurs in children after GAS infection (can be presenting feature of rheumatic fever)
oligoclonal bands in csf
MS
vertical diplopia when walking down stairs
SO4 palsy
what is a reflex anoxic seizure and what classically causes it
syncope classically seen in children fallowing bump to the head
axillary nerve palsy
deltoid weakness
loss of sensation over regemental badge area
low-grade fever, local tenderness at L3
discitis
lorry driver, stiff and tender back
mechanical back pain
sudden shooting pain while performing lifting
prolapsed disc
ipsilateral facial weakness and facial sensory loss
ataxia
pontine stroke
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing
posterior cerebral artery stroke
musculocutaneous nerve palsy
pain, tingling and reduced sensation over lateral forearm
waekness of elbo flexion and supination
median nerve palsy
(weakness in carpal tunnel syndrome)
paralysis of thenar muscles cant abduct and opose thumb (ape hand)
sensory loss to middle ring
ulnar nerve palsy
loss of sensation in ring and pinky
cubital tunnel syndrome
radial nerve palsy
wrist drop
