Prelim | Respiratory System | Nose

Question 1

Main functions of the respiratory system

Answer 1

1. Respiration and Ventilation
2. Reguates blood pH
3. Contains receptors for sense of smell
   filters inspired air
   produces vocal sounds
   excretes small amounts of water and heat

Question 2

Differentiate respiration and ventilation

Answer 2

Ventilation: Inhalation and exhalation; Physical movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract

Respiration: Actual exchange of gases

Question 3

Refers to the gas exchange intake of oxygen for delivery to body cells, and removal of CO2 produced by the blood cells

Answer 3

Respiration

Question 4

Blood pH

Answer 4

7.4

Question 5

Process of producing vocal sounds

Answer 5

Phonation

Question 6

Nose hairs

Answer 6

Vibrissae

Question 7

Divisions of the respiratory system

Answer 7

1. Structural Division
2. Functional Division

Question 8

Structural division of respiratory system & its organs

Answer 8

Upper Respiratory System (3)
- Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx

Lower Respiratory System (4)
- Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 9

Functional divisions of the respiratory system & its organs

Answer 9

Conducting zone (6)
- Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, primary bronchi

Respiratory zone (4)
- Bronchioles, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts, alveoli

Question 10

Size (Dimensions) of the nose

Answer 10

Male: 2.2 inches
Female: 2 inches

Question 11

Shape of the nose

Answer 11

Triangular; varies
Other nose shapes examples:
- Droopy
- Roman
- Bulbous
- Flat
- Pointed
- Delicate

Question 12

Location of the nose

Answer 12

Outer: center of the face, ventral
Inner: above roof of mouth

Question 13

Compositions of the nose

Answer 13

• Bone
• Cartilages
• Adipose tissues

Question 14

Functions of the nose (external)

Answer 14

• Allows air to enter body
• Filters debris
• Warms and moistens air

Question 15

Surface anatomy of the nose

Answer 15

1. Root
2. Apex
3. Bridge
4. External Naris / Nares
5. Columella

Question 16

Superior attachment of nose to frontal bone

Answer 16

Root

Question 17

Tip of the nose

Answer 17

Apex

Question 18

Bony framework of the nose formed by the nasal bones

Answer 18

Bridge

Question 19

External openings of the nose

Answer 19

External nares/ Nostrils

Question 20

External; Separates the nares

Answer 20

Columella

Question 21

Frameworks of the external nose & its structures

Answer 21

1. Bony framework
   - Frontal bone
   - Nasal bone
   - Maxilla
2. Cartilaginous Framework
   - Lateral nasal cartilages
   - Septal cartilage
   - Alar cartilage (Minor and major)

Question 22

Inferior to the nasal bones; has left and right portions

Answer 22

Lateral nasal cartlage

Question 23

Forms the anterior portion of the nasal septum (inner partition)

Answer 23

Septal cartilage

Question 24

Form a portion of the walls of the nostrils

Answer 24

Alar cartilages

Question 25

Specialized organ at the entrance of the respiratory system that consists of a visible external portion and an internal portion inside the skull and nasal cavity

Answer 25

Nose

Question 26

Types of cartilage

Answer 26

1. Hyaline cartilage
2. Fibrocartilage
3. Elastic cartilage

Question 27

Non-vascular connective tissue

Answer 27

Cartilage

Question 28

Other terms for major alar cartilage

Answer 28

Greater Alar or Cartilage of the Aperture

Question 29

Other terms for minor alar cartilage

Answer 29

Lesser Alar or Sesamoid

Question 30

What composes the major alar cartilage?

Answer 30

1. Lateral crus
2. Medial crus

Question 31

Accessory cartilage (?) of the nose

Answer 31

1. Alar cartilage
2. Vomeronasal cartilage

Question 32

Functions of the internal nose

Answer 32

1. Warming, moistening, filtering of incoming air
2. Detecting olfactory stimuli
3. Modifying speech vibrations

Question 33

Where does the filtering of incoming air take place?

Answer 33

Vibrissae (nose hairs)