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122 > Midterm | Ureters, UB, Urethra > Flashcards

Midterm | Ureters, UB, Urethra Flashcards

1
Q

Main function of the ureters

A

Transports urine from the renal pelvis of one kidney to the urinary bladder

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2
Q

LENGTH AND DIAMETER OF URETERS

A

LENGTH: 25-30 cm (10-12 in.)
DIAMETER: 1 mm to 10 mm

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3
Q

SHAPE OF THE URETERS

A

THICK-WALLED NARROW TUBE

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4
Q

LOCATION OF URETERS

A

RETROPERITONEAL
ANTERIOR TO PSOAS MUSCLE

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5
Q

VALVES OF URETERS

A

NO ANATOMICAL VALVE

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6
Q

NORMAL CONSTRICTIONS OF THE URETERS

A
  1. URETROPELVIC JUNCTION
  2. BRIM OF PELVIS
  3. URETEROVESICAL JUNCTION
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7
Q

Constriction of the ureter at which the renal pelvis funnels down into the small ureter

A

URETROPELVIC JUNCTION

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8
Q

Constriction of the ureter where the iliac blood vessels cross over the ureters

A

PELVIC BRIM (BRIM OF PELVIS)

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9
Q

Constriction of the ureter where the ureter joins the bladder

A

URETEROVESICAL JUNCTION

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10
Q

LAYERS OF THE URETERS

A

MUCOSA
MUSCULARIS
ADVENTITIA

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11
Q

Layer of the ureter close to the lumen

A

Mucosa

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12
Q

URETER MUSCOSA IS A MUCOUS MEMBRANE WITH

A
  1. TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
  2. LAMINA PROPIA of areolar connective tissue with considerable collagen, elastic fibers, and lymphatic tissue
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13
Q

Steetches to accomodate the variable amount of fluid

A

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

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14
Q

INTERMEDIATE COAT OF THE URETERS

A

MUSCULARIS

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15
Q

MAIN FUNCTION OF THE MUSCULARIS OF THE URETERS

A

PERISTALSIS

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16
Q

MUSCULARIS OF THE URETERS IS COMPOSED OF

A
  1. INNER LONGITUDINAL SMOOTH MUSCLE
  2. OUTER CIRCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE
  • DISTAL THIRD CONTAINS
    3. ADDITIONAL OUTER LONGITUDINAL
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17
Q

SUPERFICIAL COAT OF THE URETERS

A

ADVENTITA

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18
Q

ADVENTITA is a layer of (1) containing (2), (3), and (4)

A
  1. areolar connective tissue
  2. blood vessels
  3. lymphatic vessels
  4. nerves
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19
Q

Storage organ that temporarily stores urine until convenient to discharge from body

A

URINARY BLADDER

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20
Q

AVERAGE CAPACITY OF THE URINARY BLADDER

A

300-500mL (Bontrager)
700-800mL (Tortora)

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21
Q

SHAPE OF URINARY BLADDER

A

PEAR-SHAPED: distended

TETRAHEDRAL: empty

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22
Q

LOCATION OF URINARY BLADDER

A

In the pelvic cavity
Posterior to pubic symphysis

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23
Q

How do you locate the pubic smphysis without palpation?

A

Locate the midline of the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

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24
Q

LOCATION OF URINARY BLADDER (MALE)

A

ANTERIOR TO RECTUM

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25
Q

LOCATION OF URINARY BLADDER (FEMALE)

A

ANTERIOR TO VAGINA AND INFERIOR TO UTERUS

26
Q

ANATOMY OF THE URINARY BLADDER

A
  1. TRIGONE
  2. URETERAL OPENINGS
  3. INTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE
27
Q

Small triangular area in the floor of the bladder

28
Q

2 posterior corners of the trigone; opening of the ureters

A

URETERAL OPENINGS

29
Q

Part of the urinary bladder that lies in the anterior corner

A

INTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE

30
Q

LAYERS OF THE URINARY BLADDER

A

MUCOSA
MUSCULARIS
ADVENTITIA
SEROSA

31
Q

MUCOSA of the URINARY BLADDER is composed of

A
  1. Transitional epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
32
Q

Where is the rugae of the UB located?

A

Mucosa

  • Rugae is also known as mucosal folds
33
Q

Intermediate layer of the urinary bladder

A

MUSCULARIS

34
Q

Other term for the muscularis of the UB

A

Detrusor muscle

35
Q

The muscularis of the UB contains 3 layers of (1) namely,
2.
3.
4.

A
  1. smooth muscles
  2. inner longitudinal
  3. middle circular
  4. outer longitudinal
36
Q

superficial layer of the urinary bladder

A

ADVENTITIA

37
Q

layer of areolar connective tissue in the urinary bladder that is continuous with the ureters

A

ADVENTITIA

38
Q

layer of the urinary bladder that is also the layer of visceral peritoneum

39
Q

drainage tube that transports stored urine from body

40
Q

FUNCTIONS OF THE MALE URETHRA

A
  1. PASSAGEWAY OF URINE
  2. PASSAGEWAY OF SEMEN
41
Q

FUNCTION OF FEMALE URETHRA

A

PASSAGEWAY OF URINE

42
Q

LENGTH OF THE MALE AND FEMALE URETHRA

A

M: 17.5 - 20cm (8 in.)
F: 4cm (1.5 in.)

43
Q

SHAPE OF THE MALE AND FEMALE URETHRA

A

M: SMALL TUBE
F: SMALL TUBE

44
Q

LOCATION OF THE MALE URETHRA

A
  • extends from internal urethral orifice
  • to the prostate, then through the deep muscles and penis
45
Q

LOCATION OF THE FEMALE URETHRA

A
  • posterior to pubic symphysis
  • directed obliquely, inferiorly, and anteriorly
46
Q

THREE ANATOMICAL REGIONS OF THE MALE URETHRA

A
  1. PROSTATIC URETHRA
  2. INTERMEDIATE (MEMBRANOUS) URETHRA
  3. SPONGY URETHRA
47
Q

Differentiate the 3 anatomical regions of the MALE urethra in terms of what they pass through

A

PROSTATIC URETHRA: passes through the prostate

INTERMEDIATE (MEMBRANOUS) URETHRA: through the deep muscle of the perineum

SPONGY URETHRA: passes through the penis

48
Q

Shortest portion of the region of the male urethra

A

INTERMEDIATE (MEMBRANOUS) URETHRA

49
Q

Longest portion of the region of the male urethra

A

SPONGY URETHRA

50
Q

EPITHELIUM OF THE PROSTATIC URETHRA

A

transitional epithelium

51
Q

EPITHELIUM OF THE INTERMEDIATE (MEMBRANOUS) URETHRA

A

stratified columnar or pseudostratified columnar epithelium

52
Q

EPITHELIUM OF THE SPONGY URETHRA

A

stratified columnar or pseudostratified columnar epithelium

53
Q

EPITHELIUM OF SPONGY URETHRA FOR URETHRAL MEATUS

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

54
Q

lamina propria of the male urethra

A

areolar connective tissue with elastic fibers and plexus of veins

55
Q

MUSCULARIS OF THE PROSTATIC URETHRA

A

circular smooth muscle fibers

56
Q

MUSCULARIS OF THE INTERMEDIATE (MEMBRANOUS) URETHRA

A

circularly arranged skeletal muscle fibers of the deep muscles

57
Q

MUSCULARIS OF THE SPONGY URETHRA

A

corpus spongiosum

58
Q

LAYERS OF THE FEMALE URETHRA

A

MUCOSA
MUSCULARIS

59
Q

Deep layer of the female urethra

60
Q

Mucous membrane of the mucosa of the female urethra is composed of

A

epithelium and lamina propia

61
Q

Muscularis of the female urethra consists of (1)-arranged (2) and is continuous with that of the (3)

A
  1. circularly
  2. smooth muscle fibers
  3. urinary bladder
62
Q

Factors that pushes urine from the renal pelvis to the UB

A
  1. Gravity
  2. Hydrostatic pressure
  3. Peristaltic contraction

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