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122 > Prelim | Mouth > Flashcards

Prelim | Mouth Flashcards

1
Q

Other term for the mouth

A

Buccal/ Oral Cavity

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2
Q

The mouth is formed by:

A

Cheek
Lips/ Labia
Hard and Soft Palate
Tongue

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3
Q

Compositions of the mouth

A

Oral vestibule
Oral cavity proper

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4
Q

Forms the lateral walls of the oral cavity

A

Cheeks

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5
Q

Location of the cheek

A

External: Skin

Middle: Buccinator muscle and connective tissue

Internal: Mucous membrane (nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium)

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6
Q

Fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth

A

Lips/ Labia

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7
Q

External, middle, and internal composition of the lips

A

External: Skin
Middle: Orbicularis oris muscle
Internal: Mucous membrane

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8
Q

Middline fold of mucous membrane that attaches each lip to the gums

A

Labial frenulum

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9
Q

Forms the roof of the mouth

A

Soft and hard palate

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10
Q

The palates are covered by what?

A

Mucous membrane

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11
Q

Hard palate vs Soft palate

A

Hard palate
- Anterior portion
- Forms bony partition between oral and nasal cavities

Soft palate
- Posterior portion
- Arch-shaped muscularis pertition between nasopharynx and orophayrnx

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12
Q

Cleft palate vs cleft lip

A

Cleft palate: Interior
Cleft lip: Exterior

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13
Q

Conical muscular process

A

Uvula

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14
Q

During swallowing, these moves superiorly, closing off the nasopharynx and preventing swallowed foods and liquids from entering the nasal cavity

A

Soft palate and uvula

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15
Q

Lateral to the base of the uvula are two muscular folds that run down the lateral sides of the soft palate, namely:

A
  1. Palatoglossal arch
  2. Palatopharyngeal arch
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16
Q

Palatoglossal arch vs Palatopharyngeal arch

A

Palatoglossal arch: Anterior, Palate to tongue

Palatopharyngeal arch: Posterior, Palate to pharynx

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17
Q

Tonsils

A
  1. Palatine tonsils
  2. Lingual t onsils
  3. Adenoids/ Pharyngeal tonsils
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18
Q

What types of muscle is the tongue composed of?

A

Skeletal muscle

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19
Q

Space between the two muscular folds of the mouth

A

Fauces

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20
Q

Muscles of the tongue

A

Extrinsic muscle
Intrinsic muscle

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21
Q

Function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Move the tongue from side to side and in and out to maneuver food for chewing

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22
Q

Function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Alter the shape and size of the tongue for speech and swallowing

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23
Q

Act of swallowing

A

Deglutition

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24
Q

Where is the lingual frenulum located?

A

Between the tongue and floor of the mouth

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25
Q

Condition where the lingual frenulum is abnormally short; said to be tongue-tied

A

Ankyloglossia

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26
Q

What do papillae contain?

A
  • Taste buds (receptors for gustation/ taste)
  • Receptors for touch
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27
Q

Receptors for gustation

A

Taste buds

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28
Q

Increase friction between the tongue and food, making it easier for the tongue to move food in the oral cavity

A

Papillae

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29
Q

Five primary tastes that can be distinguished

A

Salty, sour, sweet, bitter, and umami

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30
Q

Forms of papillae

A
  1. Filiform
  2. Fungiform
  3. Circumvallate
  4. Foliate
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31
Q

Form an inverted V-shaped row at the back of the tongue. Each of these papillae houses 100–300 taste buds.

A

Circumvallate papillae

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32
Q

Mushroom-shaped elevations scattered over the entire surface of the tongue that contain about five taste buds each.

A

Fungiform papillae

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33
Q

Located in small trenches on the lateral margins of the tongue, but most of their taste buds degenerate in early childhood

A

Foliate papillae

34
Q

The entire surface of the tongue has these papillae which are pointed, threadlike structures containing tactile receptors but no taste buds. They increase friction between the tongue and food, making it easier for the tongue to move food in the oral cavity

A

Filiform papillae

35
Q

Other name for teeth

36
Q

Parts of the teeth

A
  1. Crown
  2. Neck
  3. Root
37
Q

The visible portion of the teeth above the level of the gums

38
Q

Part of the teeth that are embedded in the socket

39
Q

Shortest part of the tooth

40
Q

Longest part of the tooth; contains nerves and blood vessels

41
Q

Other term for the gums

42
Q

Outer layer of gingiva

A

Periodontal ligament

43
Q

The dentin of the crown is covered by —, which consists primarily of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate.

44
Q

Bone that encloses each tooth

A

Alveolar bone

45
Q

The branch of dentistry that is concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases that affect the pulp, root, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone

A

Endodontics

46
Q

Branch of dentistry that is concerned with the prevention and correction of abnormally aligned teeth

A

Orthodontics

47
Q

Branch of dentistry concerned with the treatment of abnormal conditions of the tissues immediately surrounding the teeth, such as gingivitis (gum disease)

A

Periodontics

48
Q

Sets of teeth

A

Dentitions

49
Q

Two dentitions

A
  1. Deciduous teeth/ primary teeth/ milk teeth/ baby teeth
  2. Permanent
50
Q

Deciduous teeth begin to erupt at about (1) of age, and approximately two teeth appear each month thereafter, until all (2) are present

A
  1. 6 months
  2. 20 (10 sa baba, 10 sa taas)
51
Q

All of the deciduous teeth are lost—generally between ages (1) and (2)—and are replaced by the (3) (secondary) teeth

A
  1. 6
  2. 12 years
  3. permanent
52
Q

Permanent dentition contains (1) teeth that erupt between age (2) and (3).

A
  1. 32
  2. 6
  3. adulthood
53
Q

Types of permanent dentitions, and how many are present

A
  1. Incisors: 4pairs, 8
  2. Canine (cuspids): 2 pairs, 4
  3. Molars: 6 pairs, 12 (wisdom tooth included)
  4. Premolars: 4 pairs, 8
54
Q

Function of the incisors

A

Cuts the food

55
Q

Function of the canines (cuspids)

A

Tearing and shredding food

56
Q

Function of the molars

A

Crushing and grinding

57
Q

Function of the premolars

A

Crushing and grinding

58
Q

How many roots do permanents dentitions have?

A

Incisors and Canines: 1 root
Maxillary molars: 3 roots
Mandibular molars: 2 roots

59
Q

Often the human jaw does not have enough room to accommodate the eruption of the third molars. The third molars remain embedded in the alveolar bone and are said to be —. They often cause pressure and pain

A

impacted tooth

60
Q

Salivary gland secretes mucous for:

A
  1. moistening and cleansing mouth and teets
  2. lubricates, dissolves, and begins the chemical breakdown of food
61
Q

2 Groups of the salivary gland

A
  1. Major salivary gland
  2. Small salivary gland
62
Q

Small salivary glands

A
  1. Labial gland
  2. Buccal gland
  3. Palatal gland
  4. Lingual gland
63
Q

Major salicary glands

A
  1. Parotid gland
  2. Submandibular gland
  3. Sublingual gland
64
Q

Largest salivary gland

A

Parotid gland

65
Q

When eating, saliva comes from —

A

major salivary glands

66
Q

How many saliva is produced per day?

A

1000-1500ml

67
Q

The openings through which saliva enters the mouth

A

salivary ducts

68
Q

Salivary ducts

A
  1. Parotid (Stensen’s) duct
  2. Submandibular (Wharton’s) duct
  3. Sublingual (Bartholin’s) duct
69
Q

Parotid (stensen’s) duct secretes —of saliva

70
Q

Fluid released by parotid (stensen’s) duct

A

serous liquid (amylase)

71
Q

This duct is located infero-anteriorly to the ears between skin and masseter muscle

A

parotid (stensen’s) duct

72
Q

Submandibular (Wharton’s) duct secretes — of saliva

73
Q

Fluid released by submandibular duct (wharton’s)

A

Serous and thickened mucous

74
Q

This duct is located medially and partly inferior to the body of the mandible

A

Submandibular (wharton’s) duct

75
Q

Sublingual duct (bartholin’s/ rivinus duct) secretes — of saliva

76
Q

Fluid released by sublingual duct (bartholin’s/ rivinus duct)

A

small amount of serous and mucous

77
Q

This duct is located beneath the tongue, superior to smg (submandibular gland)

A

sublingual duct (bartholin’s/ rivinus duct)S

78
Q

Composition of saliva

A

95% water
5% solutes
Less than 1% gases and organic substances

79
Q

Solutes in the saliva

A

Phosphate
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Bicarboanre

80
Q

Gases and organic substances in the saliva

A

Urea and uric acid
Mucus
Immunoglobulin A
Lysozyme
Salivary Amylase

81
Q

Act of chewing

A

Mastication

82
Q

Food that has been chewed and mixed in the mouth with saliva

122 (23 decks)

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