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122 > Midterm | Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Midterm | Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Channels that carry blood throughout the body.

A

BLOOD VESSELS

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2
Q

Blood vessels are (1) shape but never in a (2) that starts and ends at the (3).

A
  1. tube-like
  2. straight line
  3. heart
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3
Q

Types of blood vessels:

A
  1. Arteries
  2. Arterioles
  3. Capillaries
  4. Venules
  5. Veins
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4
Q

Layers of blood vessel wall

A
  1. Tunica interna (intima)
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica externa (adventitia)
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5
Q

Epithelial inner lining of BV

A

TUNICA INTERNA (INTIMA)

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6
Q

Structure of BV that has direct contact with blood

A

TUNICA INTERNA (INTIMA)

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7
Q

Layers of the Tunica Interna (Intima)

A
  1. Endothelium
  2. Basement membrane
  3. Internal elastic lamina
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8
Q

Facilitates efficient blood flow by reducing friction

A

Endothelium

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9
Q

Provides a physical support base for the endothelial layer; provides resilience for stretching and recoil

A

Basement membrane

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10
Q

Facilitates diffusion of materials; looks like swiss cheese

A

Internal elastic lamina

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11
Q

TUNICA MEDIA is a (1) and (2)

A
  1. smooth muscle
  2. elastic connective tissue layer
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12
Q

Layers of Tunica Media

A
  1. Smooth muscle cells
  2. External elastic lamina
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13
Q

Regulates diameter of lumen by contracting (vaso constriction) and relaxing (vaso dilation)

A

Smooth muscle cells

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14
Q

Has the same function of internal elastic lamina: facilitates diffusion of materials; passageway of nutrients

A

External elastic lamina

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15
Q

Outer covering of blood vessels

A

TUNICA EXTERNA (ADVENTITIA)

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16
Q

TUNICA EXTERNA (ADVENTITIA) consists of

A
  1. Elastic and collagen fibers
  2. Numerous nerves
  3. Vasa vasorum
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17
Q

Small vessels that supply blood to the tissues of
the vessel

A

Vasa vasorum

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18
Q

Vasa vasorum means (1) and are easily seen on (2) such as (3)

A
  1. Vessels to the vessels
  2. Large vessels
  3. aorta
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19
Q

Functions of the Tunica Externa (Adventitia)

A
  1. Supply the vessel wall with nerves
  2. Supply the vessel wall with blood
  3. Helps anchor the vessels to surrounding tissues
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20
Q

Carries blood away from the heart

A

ARTERIES

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21
Q

Have high compliance

A

ARTERIES

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22
Q

What does “arteries have high compliance” mean?

A

Their walls easily stretch or expand without tearing in response to a small
increase in pressure

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23
Q

ARTERIES Types (+ other terms)

A

❑ Elastic arteries/ Conducting arteries
❑ Muscular arteries/ Distributing arteries

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24
Q

Largest arteries and examples

A

Elastic arteries
ex. Aorta, pulmonary trunk

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25
Q

Elastic arteries contains —

A

elastic fibers

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26
Q

They help propel blood onward while the ventricles are relaxing

A

Elastic arteries

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27
Q

Greater vasoconstriction and vasodilation

A

Muscular arteries

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28
Q

What do muscular arteries contain, and give example of muscular arteries?

A

Smooth muscle
ex. Brachial arteries

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29
Q

Continue to branch and ultimately distribute blood to each of the various organs

A

Muscular (Distributing) arteries

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30
Q

Union of two or more blood vessels supplying the same body region.

A

ANASTOMOSIS

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31
Q

Alternative route of blood flow through an anastomosis

A

Collateral circulation

32
Q

Arteries that do not anastomose

A

End arteries

33
Q

Possible cause/s of anastomosis

A

Inborn or surgical anastomosis

34
Q

Small arteries (microscopic)

A

ARTERIOLES

35
Q

Regulate blood flow into the capillary

A

ARTERIOLES

36
Q

Other term for ARTERIOLES

A

Resistance vessels

37
Q

Terminal end of arteriole

A

Metarteriole

38
Q

Metarteriole-capillary junction forms — that monitors blood flow into capillary

A

precapillary sphincter

39
Q

Smallest of blood vessels

A

CAPILLARIES/ EXCHANGE VESSELS

40
Q

Composed only of single layer of endothelial cells and basement membrane

A

CAPILLARIES/ EXCHANGE VESSELS

41
Q

What do capillaries lack?

A

Tunica media and tunica externa

42
Q

Venule that receives blood from a capillary

A

postcapillary venule

43
Q

The flow of blood from a metarteriole through capillaries and into a postcapillary venule

A

Microcirculation

44
Q

Capillaries are found near almost every cell in the body, but their number varies with the — of the tissue they serve

A

metabolic activity

45
Q

Body tissues with high metabolic requirements

A

Muscles
Brain
Liver
Kidney

46
Q

Tissues with lower metabolic requirements

A

Tendons
Ligaments

47
Q

Tissues where capillaries are absent

A

Cornea and lens of the eye
Cartilage

48
Q

Different types of capillaries, and the gaps found in them

A
  1. Continuous capillaries: Intercellular cleft
  2. Fenestrated capillaries: Fenestrations
  3. Sinusoid: Intecellular gap
49
Q

Where continuous capillaries are found

A

CNS
Lungs
Muscle tissue
Skin

50
Q

Where fenestrated capillaries are found

A

Kidney
Villi of SI
Choroid plexus of brain
Ciliary processes of eyes
Most endocrine glands

51
Q

Where sinusoids are found

A

Bone marrow
Liver

52
Q

Thin walls; do not maintain shape

A

VENULES

53
Q

Function of venules

A

Return flow of blood back toward the heart from the capillary

54
Q

Function as significant sites of exchange of nutrients and wastes and white blood cell emigration.

A

Postcapillary venules

55
Q

Veins have very (1) walls and also contain (2)

A
  1. thin
  2. valves
56
Q

What can be noted regarding veins when compared to arteries?

A

Larger lumen and are more numerous

57
Q

Crosses the accompanying artery to form ladderlike rungs between the paired veins

A

Anastomotic vein

58
Q

Superficial veins appear — under the skin

A

blue

59
Q

Microscopic (15–300 μm in
diameter)

A

Arterioles

60
Q

Microscopic; 5–10 μm
in diameter

A

Capillaries

61
Q

Microscopic (10–50 μm in diameter)

A

Postcapillary venules

62
Q

Microscopic (50–200 μm in diameter)

A

Muscular venules

63
Q

Range from 0.5 mm to 3 cm in diameter

A

Veins

64
Q

Well-defined internal elastic lamina.

A

Elastic and Muscular arteries

65
Q

Thick TM and dominated by elastic fibers; well-defined external elastic lamina.

A

Elastic arteries

66
Q

Thick TM and dominated by smooth muscle; thin external elastic lamina.

A

Muscular arteries

67
Q

TE thinner than TM

A

Elastic arteries

68
Q

TE thicker than TM

A

Muscular arteries

69
Q

Conduct blood from heart to muscular arteries

A

Elastic arteries

70
Q

Distribute blood to arterioles

A

Muscular arteries

71
Q

Deliver blood to capillaries and help regulate blood flow from arteries to capillaries

A

Arterioles

72
Q

Permit exchange of nutrients and wastes between blood and interstitial fluid

A

Capillaries

73
Q

Distribute blood to postcapillary venules

A

Capillaries

74
Q

Pass blood into muscular venules

A

Postcapillary venules

75
Q

Permit exchange of nutrients and wastes between blood and interstitial fluid and function in white blood cell emigration

A

Postcapillary venules

76
Q

Pass blood into vein; act as reservoirs for accumulating large volumes of blood (along with postcapillary venules)

A

Muscular venules

77
Q

Return blood to heart, facilitated by valves in limb veins

A

Veins

122 (23 decks)

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