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122 > Prelim | Respiratory System | Larynx > Flashcards

Prelim | Respiratory System | Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

Other term for the larynx

A

Voicebox

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2
Q

Size (dimesnsions) of the larynx

A

4-5 cm in length and width (smaller in women)

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3
Q

Shape of the larynx

A

Tubular

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4
Q

Location of the larynx

A

Midline of the neck anterior to the esophagus and the 4th through 6th cervical vertebrae (C4-C6)

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5
Q

Composition of the larynx

A

Wall: 9 cartilages

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6
Q

Functions of the larynx

A
  • Passageway of air connecting laryngopharynx and trachea
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7
Q

Lining of the larynx superior to vocal folds

A

Nonkeratizined stratified squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Linings of the larynx inferior ro vocal folds

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium consisting of ciliated columnar cells, goblet cells, and basal cells

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9
Q

Responsible for producing new cells

A

Basal cells

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10
Q

Horseshoe-shaped structure

A

Hyoid bone

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11
Q

The hyoid bone serves as an attachment structure for the (1) and muscles in the floor of the (2) above, the (3) below, and the (4) and (5 behind.

A
  1. tongue
  2. oral cavity
  3. larynx
  4. epiglottis
  5. pharynx
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12
Q

9 cartilages of the larynx

A

Paired
1. Arytenoid cartilage
2. Corniculate cartilage
3. Cuneiform cartilage

Unpaired
7. Thyroid cartilage
8. Cricoid cartilage
9. Epiglottis

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13
Q

Of the paired cartilages of the larynx, the — are the most important because they influence changes in position and tension of the vocal folds (true vocal
cords for speech).

A

arytenoid cartilages

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14
Q

Most prominent part of the larynx

A

Thyroid cartilage

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15
Q

Ligament connecting the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

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16
Q

Other term for thryoid cartilage

A

Adam’s apple

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17
Q

Cartilage type of the thyroid cartilage

A

2 plates of hyaline

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18
Q

Shape of the thyroid cartilage

A

Triangular/ shield-shaped

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19
Q

Anatomy of the thyroid cartilage

A
  • Laryngeal prominence
  • Thyrohyoid membrane
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20
Q

What type of cartilage is the epiglottis?

A

Elastic

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21
Q

Shape of the epiglottis

A

Leaf-shaped

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22
Q

Anatomy of the epiglottis

A
  • Glottis
  • Rima glotidis
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23
Q

A pair of folds of mucus membrane in the glottis

A

Vocal folds/ true vocal cords

24
Q

Space between the glottis

A

Rima glottidis

25
Q

Cricoid cartilage type

A

Hyaline

26
Q

Shape of the cricoid cartilage

A

Ring

27
Q

Anatomy of the cricoid cartilage

A
  • Cricotracheal ligament
  • Cricothyroid ligament
28
Q

Making an emergency airway

A

Tracheotomy (tracheostomy)

29
Q

Landmark for tracheotomy

A

Cricoid cartilage

30
Q

Arytenoid cartilage type

A

Hyaline

31
Q

Shape of arytenoid cartilage

A

Triangular

32
Q

Found in the posterior, super border of the cricoid cartilage

A

Arytenoid cartilage

33
Q

Other term for the corniculate cartilage

A

Cartilage of Santorini

34
Q

Corniculate cartilage type

A

Elastic

35
Q

Shape of the corniculate cartulage

A

Horn-like

36
Q

Found on the apex of each arytenoid

A

Corniculate cartilage

37
Q

Other term for cuneiform cartilage

A

Wrisberg cartilage

38
Q

Cuneiform cartilage type

A

Club-shaped

39
Q

Found anterior to the corniculate

A

Cuneiform cartilage

40
Q

Larynx cartilage that prevents materials from entering the airway

A

Epiglottis

41
Q

Larynx cartilage that maintains airway patency.
Attachment points for key muscles, ligaments and cartilage.
For sound production.

A

Cricoid

42
Q

Larynx cartialge that provides wide range of mobility.
Serves as an attachment point of intrinsic
muscle and other cartilages.

A

Arytenoid

43
Q

Larynx cartilage that provides movements for the abduction and adduction of the vocal cords.

A

Corniculate

44
Q

Larynx cartilage that supports the structure of the lateral aspect of the epiglottis and the vocal cords.

A

Cuneiform

45
Q

Two groups of muscles associated with the anterior aspect of the neck

A
  1. Suprahyoid muscle
  2. Infrahyoid muscle
46
Q

Suprahyoid muscles (neck)

A

Digastric
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

47
Q

Infrahyoid muscles (neck)

A

Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Thryohyoid
Sternothyroid

48
Q

Ligament structures in the neck

A

Extrinsic ligaments
Intrinsic ligaments

49
Q

Extrinsic ligaments (neck)

A

Thyrohyoid
Hypo-epiglottic
Cricotracheal

50
Q

Intrinsic ligaments (neck)

A

Cricothyroid
Cricocorniculate
Thyroepiglottic
Thyroarytenoid
Arytenoidepiglottic

51
Q

Space that extends from the entrance into the larynx down to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage

A

Cavity of the larynx

52
Q

Portion of the cavity of the larynx above the vestibular folds (false vocal cords)

A

Laryngeal vestibule

53
Q

Portion of the cavity of the larynx below the vocal folds

A

Infraglottic cavity

54
Q

The mucous membrance of the larynx forms two pairs of folds:

A

Vestibular folds (false vocal cords)
Vocal folds (true vocal cords)

55
Q

False vocal cords vs True vocal cords

A

False vocal cords: vetibular folds; superior pair
True vocal cords: vocal folds; inferior pair

56
Q

Space between the vestibular folds

A

Rima vestibuli

57
Q

Lateral expansion of the middle portion of the laryngeal cavity

A

Laryngeal ventricle

122 (23 decks)

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