Prelim | Bronchi & Bronchioles Flashcards
Partitions of the bronchi
Primary/ main bronchi
Secondary/ lobar bronchi
Tertiary/ segmental bronchi
Size of the primary bronchi
R is wider, shorter (2-3cm vs 5cm of L) and more vertical
Shape of primary bronchi
Tubular
Location of primary bronchi
R: enters lung at T5
L: enters lung at T6
Composition of the primary bronchi
Cartilages, muscles
Function/s of the primary bronchi
Passageway of air
Point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi
Carina
The carina is formed by a posterior and somewhat inferior projection of the last —
tracheal cartilage
The — of the carina is one of the most sensitive areas for triggering a cough reflex
mucous membrane
How many lobar bronchi does the R and L lung have?
R lung: 3 lobar bronchi
L lung: 2
How many segmental bronchi does the R and L lung have?
R lung: 10 segmental bronchi (2 superior lobe, 2 middle lobe, 5 inferior lobe)
L lung: 8 tertiary bronchi (4 upper lobe, 4 lower lobe)
End of conducting zone
Terminal bronchioles
What cells do terminal bronchioles contain?
Clara cells
Clara cells are what types of cells?
Columnar non-ciliated cells
Functions of the clara cells
Protect against garmful effects of inhaled toxins and carcinogens
Produce surfactants
Functions as stem cells
Where new cells come from; gives rise to different cells
Stem cells
Start of respiratory zone
Respiratory bronchioles
As the respiratory bronchioles penetrate more deeply into the lunds, the epithelial lining changes from (1) to (2)
- simple cuboidal
- simple squamous
Respiratory bronchioles subdivide into several (1) which consists of (2)
- Alveolar ducts
- simple squamous epithelium
