Pregnancy and Lactation

Question 1

zygote

Answer 1

an ovum that is fertilized

Question 2

male pronucleus

Answer 2

the nucleus of a spermatozoon after fertilization

Question 3

female pronucleus

Answer 3

the nucleus of a ovum after fertilization

Question 4

placentome

Answer 4

separate attachment sites of the cotyledonary placenta

Question 5

gestation period for cattle

Answer 5

9 months

Question 6

gestation period for dogs

Answer 6

2 months

Question 7

gestation period for cats

Answer 7

2 months

Question 8

gestation period for goats/sheep

Answer 8

5 months

Question 9

gestation period for horses

Answer 9

11 months

Question 10

gestation period for pigs

Answer 10

3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days

Question 11

what hormone stimulates the uterus?

Answer 11

oxytocin, released to contract the uterus during copulation to help move sperm to the oviducts

Question 12

corna radiata

Answer 12

layers of cumulus cells from the follicle

Question 13

zona pellucida

Answer 13

thick, gel like membrane that surrounds the ovum’s cell membrane

Question 14

stage 1 of ejaculation

Answer 14

• sperm move from epididymis
• fluids from accessory repro glands move into pelvic portion of urethra
• sphincter muscle around neck of urinary bladder closes

Question 15

stage 2 of ejaculation

Answer 15

• rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle around urethra to propel sperm forward
• semen is pumped out into female repro tract through the cervix into the uterus

Question 16

stages of cleavage

Answer 16

• rapid mitosis of zygote
• cells become a morula and then a blastocyst
• blastocyst embeds itself into the endometrium

Question 17

when does the placenta begin to form?

Answer 17

as soon as the blastocyst is implanted

Question 18

what are the layers of the placenta?

Answer 18

amnion, allantois, and choriun

Question 19

amnion

Answer 19

the layer immediately around the fetus in the placenta

Question 20

allantois

Answer 20

surrounds the amniotic sac which forms another fluid filled sac

Question 21

chorion

Answer 21

the outside of the allantoic sac, which attaches to the uterine lining

Question 22

1st trimester of pregnancy

Answer 22

embryonic period, when the placenta develops

Question 23

2nd trimester of pregnancy

Answer 23

fetal development period, when the body tissues, organs and body systems develop

Question 24

3rd trimester of pregnancy

Answer 24

fetal growth period, the formation and growth of the fetus

Question 25

fetal changes after birth

Answer 25

lungs expand and begin to function, negative pressure from first breath will close both the foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus

Question 26

parturition

Answer 26

triggered size and weight of the uterus and fetus, as well as changes in hormonal levels

Question 27

what structure does the fetus use to expel waste?

Answer 27

the urachus

Question 28

what does the umbilical cord contain?

Answer 28

umbilical arteries, umbilical vein, and the urachus