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Animal Physiology > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

growth hormone (GH)

A
  • located in the anterior pituitary
  • promotes bone and muscle growth primarily in young animals
  • target all body cells
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2
Q

prolactin

A
  • located in the anterior pituitary
  • helps trigger and maintain lactation in stimulated nursing females
  • targets female mammary gland
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3
Q

thyroid stimulating hormone (TH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • thyroid hormone production
  • targets the thyroid gland
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4
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • adrenocortical hormone production
  • targets adrenal cortex
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5
Q

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • oogenesis in the female; spermatogenesis in the male
  • targets female ovaries (follicles); male testis (seminiferous tubules)
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6
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • ovulation and corpus luteum production in females; testosterone production in males
  • targets female ovaries (follicle/corpus luteum); male testis (interstitial/leydig cells)
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7
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A
  • located posterior pituitary gland
  • controls water conservation
  • targets the kidneys
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8
Q

oxytocin

A
  • located posterior pituitary gland
  • stimulates contraction at parturition and milk let down
  • targets female uterus and mammary glands
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9
Q

thyroid hormone

A
  • located in the thyroid gland
  • controls growth and metabilic regulation
  • targets all body cells
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10
Q

calcitonin

A
  • located in the thyroid gland
  • works with parathyroid hormone to prevent hypercalcemia
  • targets bones
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11
Q

parathyroid hormone

A
  • located in the parathyroid gland
  • works with calcitonin to prevent hypercalcemia
  • targets kidneys, intestines, bones
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12
Q

epinephrine/norepinephrine

A
  • located in the adrenal medulla
  • part of the fight or flight response
  • targets the whole body
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13
Q

insulin

A
  • located in the pancreas
  • stimulates movement of glucose into cells and its use for energy
  • targets all body cells
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14
Q

glucagon

A
  • located in the pancreas
  • increases blood glucose
  • targets the whole body
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15
Q

androgens (male sex hormones)

A
  • located in the testis
  • anabolic effect, helps trigger development of male secondary sex characteristics
  • targets whole body
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16
Q

estrogens (female sex hormones)

A
  • located in the ovaries in females, and the sertoli cells in males
  • helps prepare the body for breeding and pregnancy
  • targets the whole body
17
Q

progesterone

A
  • located in the corpus luteum
  • helps prepare the body for pregnancy and the maintenance of it
  • targets the uterus
18
Q

relaxin

A
  • located in the placenta, uterus, or corpus luteum depending on the species
  • causes ligaments between the bones surrounding the birth canal to soften and relax
  • targets the birth canal
19
Q

erythropoietin

A
  • located in the kidneys
  • increases production of red blood cells; the hormones production is stimulated by hypoxia
  • targets red bone marrow
20
Q

prostaglandin

A
  • located in the placenta
  • causes the corpus luteum to regress; can cause abortion released or injected before birth
  • targets the corpus luteum
21
Q

renin (enzyme)

A
  • located in the juxtaglomerular cells within the kidney
  • splits angiotensin I from angiotensin
  • part of blood pressure regulation
22
Q

hormones produced in the adrenal cortex

A

under the direction of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland, the adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoid, mineral corticoid, and sex hormones

23
Q

hormones produced in the adrenal medulla

A

hormone secreting cells are modified neurons that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the bloodstream

24
Q

glucocorticoid hormones

A

effect blood glucose levels, typically cause them to rise

25
Q

mineral corticoid hormones

A

regulate the levels of some important electrolytes

26
Q

sex hormones

A

androgens and estrogens produced by the adrenal gland cortex

27
Q

aldosterone

A
  • located in the adrenal gland cortex
  • the principle mineral corticoid hormone; it affects the levels of Na, K, and H in the body
  • targets the kidney

Animal Physiology (17 decks)

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