Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

growth hormone (GH)

A
  • located in the anterior pituitary
  • promotes bone and muscle growth primarily in young animals
  • target all body cells
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2
Q

prolactin

A
  • located in the anterior pituitary
  • helps trigger and maintain lactation in stimulated nursing females
  • targets female mammary gland
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3
Q

thyroid stimulating hormone (TH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • thyroid hormone production
  • targets the thyroid gland
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4
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • adrenocortical hormone production
  • targets adrenal cortex
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5
Q

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • oogenesis in the female; spermatogenesis in the male
  • targets female ovaries (follicles); male testis (seminiferous tubules)
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6
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A
  • located in anterior pituitary gland
  • ovulation and corpus luteum production in females; testosterone production in males
  • targets female ovaries (follicle/corpus luteum); male testis (interstitial/leydig cells)
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7
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A
  • located posterior pituitary gland
  • controls water conservation
  • targets the kidneys
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8
Q

oxytocin

A
  • located posterior pituitary gland
  • stimulates contraction at parturition and milk let down
  • targets female uterus and mammary glands
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9
Q

thyroid hormone

A
  • located in the thyroid gland
  • controls growth and metabilic regulation
  • targets all body cells
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10
Q

calcitonin

A
  • located in the thyroid gland
  • works with parathyroid hormone to prevent hypercalcemia
  • targets bones
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11
Q

parathyroid hormone

A
  • located in the parathyroid gland
  • works with calcitonin to prevent hypercalcemia
  • targets kidneys, intestines, bones
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12
Q

epinephrine/norepinephrine

A
  • located in the adrenal medulla
  • part of the fight or flight response
  • targets the whole body
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13
Q

insulin

A
  • located in the pancreas
  • stimulates movement of glucose into cells and its use for energy
  • targets all body cells
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14
Q

glucagon

A
  • located in the pancreas
  • increases blood glucose
  • targets the whole body
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15
Q

androgens (male sex hormones)

A
  • located in the testis
  • anabolic effect, helps trigger development of male secondary sex characteristics
  • targets whole body
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16
Q

estrogens (female sex hormones)

A
  • located in the ovaries in females, and the sertoli cells in males
  • helps prepare the body for breeding and pregnancy
  • targets the whole body
17
Q

progesterone

A
  • located in the corpus luteum
  • helps prepare the body for pregnancy and the maintenance of it
  • targets the uterus
18
Q

relaxin

A
  • located in the placenta, uterus, or corpus luteum depending on the species
  • causes ligaments between the bones surrounding the birth canal to soften and relax
  • targets the birth canal
19
Q

erythropoietin

A
  • located in the kidneys
  • increases production of red blood cells; the hormones production is stimulated by hypoxia
  • targets red bone marrow
20
Q

prostaglandin

A
  • located in the placenta
  • causes the corpus luteum to regress; can cause abortion released or injected before birth
  • targets the corpus luteum
21
Q

renin (enzyme)

A
  • located in the juxtaglomerular cells within the kidney
  • splits angiotensin I from angiotensin
  • part of blood pressure regulation
22
Q

hormones produced in the adrenal cortex

A

under the direction of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland, the adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoid, mineral corticoid, and sex hormones

23
Q

hormones produced in the adrenal medulla

A

hormone secreting cells are modified neurons that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the bloodstream

24
Q

glucocorticoid hormones

A

effect blood glucose levels, typically cause them to rise

25
mineral corticoid hormones
regulate the levels of some important electrolytes
26
sex hormones
androgens and estrogens produced by the adrenal gland cortex
27
aldosterone
- located in the adrenal gland cortex - the principle mineral corticoid hormone; it affects the levels of Na, K, and H in the body - targets the kidney