PRACTICE QUIZ UNIT 5-6 Flashcards
Epithelial Tissue function (3)
- Covering of body surfaces
- Lining of body cavities and hollow organs
- Usually has free surface that interacts with external environment
Epithelial tissue that can be found lining the heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
Simple squamous
Epithelial tissue that can be found lining the esophagus, mouth, and vagina
Stratified squamous
Epithelial tissue that lines the ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands
Stratified cuboidal
Which of the following is not a connective tissue –> Bone, blood, cartilage, tendons, muscle
Muscle
Which of the following is classified as a loose connective tissue –> Blood, spongy bone, areolar connective tissue, elastic connective tissue, hyaline cartilage
Areolar Connective Tissue
The extracellular matrix of blood tissue consists of
Plasma
What is responsible for pumping blood throughout body
Cardiac muscle
What tissue is made up of small spindle shaped cells found in walls of hollow organs
Smooth muscles
What tissue contains multinucleate cells whose movements are voluntary
Skeletal
Two principles of cells found in nervous tissues
Neuroglial cells and neutrons
3 main components of lipid bilayer portion of plasma membrane
Phospholipid, cholesterol, proteins
Nonpolar parts of phospholipids
Fatty acid tail groups
Membrane protein that extends across entire lipid bilayer of plasma membrane touching mouth intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid
Transmembrane protein
Plasma membranes are _____ meaning some chemicals can move easily while some cannot
Selectively permeable
What does not influence the rate of diffusion of a chemical across plasma membrane
Amount of ATP
What type of transport uses ATP to go against the concentration gradient
Active Transport
If the solute concentration is greater inside of the cell than the outside, the movement of water via osmosis will be
Into cell cause water moves low to high concentration
What transport process uses vesicles formed at cell membrane to take up extracellular substances and import them into cell
Endocytosis
In this transport, a solute binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in solute moving down its concentration gradient
Faciltiated diffusion
Transport process by which gases like O2 and CO2 move through membrane
Simple diffusion; no assistance
Transport process that uses vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane to secrete materials out
Exocytosis
Location of simple squamous
Lines inside of blood vessels
Location of stratified squamous
Esophagus
Location of simple cuboidal
Lines tubules of kidneys
Location of stratified cuboidal
Lines duct of sweat glands
Location of simple columnar
Lines digestive tract
Location of stratified columnar
Lines the male urethra
Skeletal muscle
Attached to bones around entrance points of body, voluntary, long cylindrical and many nuclei
Smooth muscle
Walls of major organs and pathways, regulate movement of materials through digestive tract or ducts and regulate blood flow in capillaries, involuntary, short spindle shaped and one nuclei
Cardiac muscle
Walls of heart, contractions to pump blood, involuntary, short cylindrical, one nuclei
Backbone of membrane
Phospholipid bilayers
Proteins that penetrate membrane
Integral proteins
Proteins with attached carbohydrates
Glycoproteins
Phospholipids with attached carbohydrate chains
Glycolipids
Proteins that interact with the molecule and shuttle across membrane
Carrier proteins
Substance into which the solute is dissolved
Solvent
Diffusion concentration
High to low
Osmosis differs from diffusion in that it requires a membrane that is
Selectively permeable
A RBC placed in a HYPOTONIC solution will
plump and burst
Crenation
Term to describe shrinking of RBC
Material is transported out the cell through
Exocytosis
How is diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis and active transport are different
- Diffusion goes from high to low concentration and requires NO energy
- Facilitated diffusion is the assistance of materials to go through the cell membrane with the help of transmembrane integral proteins like carrier/channel proteins (NO ENERGY)
- Osmosis is the diffusion of WATER from low to high concentration and no energy used
- Active transport is moving materials against their concentration gradient using ATP
How is diffusion important to living cell
Small and non polar (no charge) molecules like CO2 and O2 can move in and out cell
How is facilitated diffusion important for living cell
Helping materials that are harder to pass through the cell such as large molecule or ions like glucose to move in and out cell
How is osmosis important for living cell
Cells can maintain proper water balance quickly and easily because of the unrestricted movement of water to their concentration gradient
How is active transport important for living cell
Cells can maintain concentrations of molecules even when their concentration gradient does not favour such movements in and out cell (Sodium and potassium ions)
How is phagocytosis important for living cell
Cells can engulf molecules that are too big to fit through carrier or channel proteins
How is pinocytosis important for living cell
Cells can “Drink” large quantities of extracelula fluid to access dissolved substances that are not able to travel across membrane
How is exocytosis important for living cell
Cells can eliminate unwanted material that are too big for carrier/channel proteins
What would happen if a RBC is placed in water
The RBC would be surrounded by a hypotonic solution, where there is greater concentration in the cell than outside so there would be a net diffusion of water flowing in cell causing it to swell and eventually burst (lyse)
What would happen if a RBC is placed in a highly concentrated salt solution
The RBC would be surrounded by a hypertonic solution, where there is lower concentration in the cell than outside so there would be a net diffusion of water flowing out the cell causing it to shrivel and die (plasmolysis/crenation)
