Practice Quiz – Chapters 3, 4, 5 Flashcards
___ tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of changes in membrane potential
excitable
mucin is secreted by ___ glands, which combines w/ water to form a thick and sticky product.
___ glands produce a relatively watery fluid.
mucous
serous
___ glands (such as tear glands) have vesicles that release their secretion via exocytosis.
___ glands (such as oil-producing glands) secrete a mixture of disintegrated cells and their products.
eccrine and merocrine
holocrine
___ epithelium provides a moist and slippery surface and is well suited to resist stress, as seen in the ___
nonkeratinized
vagina
most kidney tubules are made of ___ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion
simple cuboidal
new triglycerides are constantly being synthesized and stored, while others are hydrolyzed and released into the circulation by the cells found in ___
adipose tissue
the shape of a person’s external ear is due to the presence of ___
elastic cartilage
the membrane that lines the passageways that open to the exterior environment is called ___
a mucous membrane (mucosa)
with regard to the healing of a skin wound, macrophages ___
phagocytize and digest tissue debris
___ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas ___ epithelium is rare.
stratified squamous (epidermis, tongue, anal)
stratified columnar (pharynx, larynx, male urethra)
___ is associated w/ rapid transport of substances thru a membrane, whereas ___ is associated w/ resistance to abrasion.
simple squamous epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium
an example of a highly vascular tissue is ___ tissue.
an example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is ___.
areolar
cartilage
fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated w/ both ___ and ___.
dense regular connective tissues
dense irregular connective tissues
which membrane-bound organelle is the site of protein and lipid synthesis?
endoplasmic reticulum
the ER synthesizes steroids and other lipid, detoxifies alcohol and other drugs, and manufactures nearly all membranes of the cell.
rough ER produces the phospholipids and proteins of the plasma membrane and synthesizes proteins that are either secreted from the cell or packaged in organelles such as lysosomes.
what is the function of the mitochondria organelle?
to produce ATP via cellular respiration
what is the function of the rough ER?
to synthesize protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes
rough ER produces secretory and vesicular proteins
inclusions are of 2 kinds:
accumulated cell products (glycogen granules, pigments, and fat droplets)
foreign bodies (viruses, bacteria, and dust particles)
the stage at which chromosomes aggregate along the equator of a cell is ___
metaphase
the complementary mRNA strand synthesized from the DNA sequence of CTGAC would be ___.
GACUG
translation occurs when ___
the blueprint of the RNA molecule is used to bind amino acids together to form proteins
the step from DNA to mRNA is called ___.
Transcription occurs in the ___, where ___ is
transcription
nucleus; DNA
the step from mRNA to protein is called ___.
most translation occurs in the ___
translation
cytoplasm
what is true of both mRNA and tRNA?
uracil may be present
the 3 base sequence on the transfer RNA is the codon
false
transfer RNA (tRNA) has an amino acid-accepting end that binds to one specific amino acid, and an anticodon at the other end that binds to a complementary codon of mRNA
the G1, S, and G2 phases of the cell cycle are collectively called ___.
interphase
transcription occurs when ___.
a messenger RNA molecule is synthesized from DNA in the nucleus
cell division is stimulated by ___ and suppressed by ___.
growth factors
contact inhibition
