Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 203 – Anatomy & Physiology > Lecture 18 – NS IV – Forebrain, cranial nerves > Flashcards

Lecture 18 – NS IV – Forebrain, cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

the forebrain consists of the ___ and ___

A

diencephelon and telencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the telencephalon develops into the ___

A

cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the ___ develops into the cerebrum

A

telencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the diencephalon is composed of 4 main components…

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
subthalamus
epithalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the thalamus is the…

A

sensory relay station

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the hypothalamus is the…

A

major control center of endocrine and autonomic nervous systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the subthalamus regulates…

A

motor functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the epithalamus regulates…

A

emotions and circadian rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the subthalamus consists of…

A

a large subthalamic nucleus that is functionally considered part of the basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the diencephalon is located in the ___ of the brain

A

center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

each side of the brain has a ___

A

thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the thalamus is known as the…

A

“gateway to the cerebral cortex”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

nearly all input to cerebrum synapses in…

A

thalamic nuclei (“screen out information”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

primary role of thalamus:

A

relay and modulate information (limbic, motor, and all sensory modalities besides olfaction) incoming from the periphery to the cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the 5 major functional groups of thalamic nuclei:

A

lateral group
medial group
anterior group
ventral group
posterior group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

thalamus:

lateral group (function)

A

somatosensory output to association areas of cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

thalamus:

medial group (function)

A

emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

thalamus:

anterior group (function)

A

part of limbic system
memory and emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

thalamus:

ventral group (function)

A

somatosensory output to primary cortex (postcentral gyrus)

signals from cerebellum and basal nuclei to motor areas of cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

thalamus:

posterior group (function)

A

relay of signals

visual – to occipital lobe (visual cortex)
auditory – to temporal lobe (auditory cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

thalamus:

parts of posterior group

A

lateral geniculate nucleus –> visual-to occipital lobe (visual cortex)

medial geniculate nucleus –> auditory-to temporal lobe (auditory cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

thalamus:

nuclei are…

A

clusters of neuronal cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

epithalamus is composed mainly of…

A

very small mass of tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

components of epithalamus:

A

habenula
pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the epithalamus is wired with the ___ and ___

A

limbic system
basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

epithalamus:

habenula is…

A

a relay from the limbic system to the midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

epithalamus:

pineal body (gland) is…

A

endocrine gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

the epithalamus produces ___

A

melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

the epithalamus…

A

participates in regulation fo the body’s circadian (24-hr) rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

overall function of hypothalamus is…

A

integration of body functions for the maintenance of homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

hypothalamus maintains ___ by controlling…

A

homeostasis

by controlling endocrine, automatic, and somatic behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the hypothalamus receives internal stimuli via receptors for ___

A

circulating hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the hypothalamus receives ___ via receptors for circulating hormones

A

internal stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

the hypothalamus senses external stimuli via the ___ (pain and temperature info)

A

spinal thalamic tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the hypothalamus senses ___ via the spinal thalamic tract (pain and temp info)

A

external stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the hypothalamus is a ___ collection of ___ (__)

A

bilateral collection of nuclei (11)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

suprachiasmatic nucleus –what is its function?

A

biological clock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

biological clock –what is its nuclei group?

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

mammillary nucleus –what is its function?

A

memory formation –relay b/n limbic system and thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

memory formation –relay b/n limbic system and thalamus –what is its nuclei group?

A

mammillary formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

dorsomedial nucleus –what is its function?

A

rage and other emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

rage and other emotions –what is its nuclei group?

A

dorsomedial nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

neurons of the ___ of the hypothalamus monitor body temperature

A

prepoptic area (POA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

neurons of the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus monitor ___

A

body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

the hypothalamus also regulates ___ behavior

A

feeding (sensations of hunger and satiety)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

regulate feeding behavior (sensations of hunger and satiety):

ventromedial nucleus (function)

A

“satiety center”

glucose sensing

full –> eat less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

regulate feeding behavior (sensations of hunger and satiety):

satiety center/glucose sensing
glucose sensing
full –> eat less
– (nuclei group)

A

ventromedial nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

regulate feeding behavior (sensations of hunger and satiety):

lateral (complex) nucleus – (function)

A

“feeding center = hunger”

hungry –> eat more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely linked to their execution:

regulate feeding behavior (sensations of hunger and satiety):

“feeding center = hunger”
hungry –> eat more
– (nuclei group)

A

lateral (complex) nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

the ___ receives signals from GI tract and adipose tissue (leptin) and regulates both satiety and feeding centers

A

arcuate nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

the arcuate nucleus receives signals from ___ and ___ and regulates both satiety and feeding centers

A

GI tract

adipose tissue (leptin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

the arcuate nucleus receives signals from GI tract and adipose tissue (leptin) and regulates both ___ and ___

A

satiety and feeding centers

53
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

arcuate nucleus:

A

releases hypothalamic hormones secreted by axon terminals into the hypophyseal-portal veins to control anterior pituitary hormone release

54
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

(medial) preoptic nucleus:

A

releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) - which stimulates release of luteinizing hormone and (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by pituitary gland

55
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei both produce the peptides oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopresin), which are released from neuronal axons into the capillaries of the ___

A

posterior pituitary

56
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei both produce the peptides ___ and ___, which are released from neuronal axons into the capillaries of the posterior pituitary.

A

oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopresin)

57
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the ___ and ___ both produce the peptides oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopresin), which are released from neuronal axons into the capillaries of the posterior pituitary

A

paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei

58
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopresin) are both ___ and ___

A

hormones and neurotransmitters

59
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

___ and ___ are both hormones and neurotransmitters

A

oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopresin)

60
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) also release ___ in response to stressor signals

A

corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

61
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) also release portico-releasing hormone (CRH) in response to ___, which stimulates release of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) by pituitary gland

A

stressor signals

62
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the ___ also release portico-releasing hormone (CRH) in response to stressor signals, which stimulates release of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) by pituitary gland

A

paraventricular nuclei (PVN)

63
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) also release portico-releasing hormone (CRH) in response to stressor signals, which stimulates release of ___ by ___

A

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

by pituitary gland

64
Q

LO6: Associate each hypothalamic function with the nuclei groups that are most closely
linked to their execution:

hormone secretion:

the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) also release portico-releasing hormone (CRH) in response to stressor signals, which stimulates release of ___ by ___

A

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

by pituitary gland

65
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

what are the 5 lobes:

A

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal
insula

66
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

frontal lobe (function)

A

planning judgment
speech production (Broca’s area)
voluntary motor control

67
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

which lobe is in charge of:
planning judgment
speech production (Broca’s area)
voluntary motor control

A

frontal lobe

68
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

parietal lobe (functions)

A

integrates general senses and taste information

(pain, temp, touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception)

69
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

which lobe?
integrates general senses and taste information

A

parietal lobe

70
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

occipital lobe (functions)

A

principal visual center of brain

71
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

which lobe?
principal visual center of brain

A

occipital lobe

72
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

temporal lobe (functions)

A

hearing

smell

memory (verbal, visual, auditory)

language comprehension (Wernicke’s area)

73
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

which lobe?
hearing, smell, memory, language comprehension

A

temporal lobe

74
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

insula lobe (functions)

A

(hidden by other regions)

visceral sensation

empathy

75
Q

LO7: State the main functions of the 5 lobes of cerebrum:

which lobe?
visceral sensation, empathy

A

insula lobe

76
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

most of the volume of cerebrum is ___

A

white matter (myelinated fibers bundled into large tracts)

77
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

most of the volume of cerebrum is ___

A

white matter (myelinated fibers bundled into large tracts)

78
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

most of the volume of ___ is white matter (myelinated fibers bundled into large tracts)

A

cerebrum

79
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

the white matter tracts are classified according to…

A

direction they run

80
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

1) association tracts – function

A

connect (“associate”) different regions w/in the same cerebral hemisphere (intrahemispheric tracts)

81
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

the association tracts make up the ___

A

cingulum – core part of the limbic system
latin = “encircling structure”

82
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

2) projection tracts – function

A

extend vertically b/n higher and lower brain spinal cord centers

83
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

2) projection tracts may be ___ or ___ tracts

A

efferent or afferent

84
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

2) projection tracts make up 2 structures:

A

corona radiata (e.g. corticospinal tract)

fornix – main efferent system of the hippocampus and important part of the limbic system

85
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

what is the fornix?

A

made up of projection tracts

main efferent system of the hippocampus and important part of the limbic system

86
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

3) commissural tracts cross from 1 cerebral hemisphere to the other thru bridges called ___

A

commissures

87
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

3) commissural tracts – function

A

> 200 million fibers that interconnect the corresponding regions of almost all parts of the 2 hemispheres

88
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

3) commissural tracts – make up the structure…

A

anterior commissure

89
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

anterior commissure (what is it)

A

made up of commissural tracts

plays role in the inter hemispheric transfer of olfactory information b/n temporal lobes

90
Q

LO8: Describe the 3 types of white matter tracts within the brain and give examples:

white matter tracts in the cerebrum:

corona radiata (describe)

A

composed by projection tracts (afferent and efferent fibers)

“radiating crown”

formed by nerve fibers (white matter) that make up the inner capsule –> a region that connects the cerebral cortex to lower areas of the brain and spinal cord

91
Q

LO9: describe the distinctive cell types and histological arrangement of the cerebral cortex:

how is neural integration carried out?

A

by gray matter of the cerebrum

92
Q

LO9: describe the distinctive cell types and histological arrangement of the cerebral cortex:

cerebral cortex (describe)

A

a layer covering the surface of hemispheres

only 2-3 mm thick

~40% of brain mass

could be viewed as concentric rings of allocortex, mesocortex, and isocortex

93
Q

LO9: describe the distinctive cell types and histological arrangement of the cerebral cortex:

neocortex AKA isocortex (describe)

A

highly convoluted outer layer of the brain

last cortex region to evolve

6 layers

94
Q

LO9: describe the distinctive cell types and histological arrangement of the cerebral cortex:

neocortex AKA isocortex – 2 principal types of neurons:

A

small pyramidal cells

stellate cells

95
Q

LO9: describe the distinctive cell types and histological arrangement of the cerebral cortex:

small pyramidal cells (explain)

A

pyramid-shaped

axons leave the cortex and connect w/ other parts of the CNS

96
Q

LO9: describe the distinctive cell types and histological arrangement of the cerebral cortex:

stellate cells (explain)

A

star-like shape

receive sensory input, process information locally

97
Q

LO10: name the basal nuclei and indicate their location and function(s):

basal ganglia (basal nuclei) –> describe position

A

a group of nuclei (clusters of neurons) buried deep in the white matter, lateral to the thalamus

98
Q

LO10: name the basal nuclei and indicate their location and function(s):

basal ganglia (basal nuclei) –> describe function

A

involved in motor control – receive input from the substantial nigra of the midbrain and motor areas of the cortex (and send signals back)

99
Q

LO10: name the basal nuclei and indicate their location and function(s):

parts of the basal ganglia:

A

“corpus striatum or striatum”
caudate
putamen
globus pallidus

100
Q

LO10: name the basal nuclei and indicate their location and function(s):

related nuclei of basal ganglia

A

subthalamus (diencephalon)

substantia nigra (midbrain)

101
Q

LO10: name the basal nuclei and indicate their location and function(s):

related nuclei of basal ganglia

A

subthalamus (diencephalon)

substantia nigra (midbrain)

102
Q

LO11: identify structures related to the limbic system

limbic system is important center of…

A

emotion and learning

103
Q

LO11: identify structures related to the limbic system

most limbic system structures have centers for both:

A

gratification (sense of pleasure or reward)

aversion (unpleasant sensations: fear, sorrow)

104
Q

LO11: identify structures related to the limbic system

structure of limbic system:

A

limbus = “border”

limbus structure lies along a horseshoe shaped area of the cortex that appears to be a border b/n the cerebral cortex and the subcortical structures of the diencephalon

105
Q

LO11: identify structures related to the limbic system

function of medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex:

A

regulate impulses, compulsions, and drives

106
Q

LO11: identify structures related to the limbic system

function of amygdala

A

emotion center

107
Q

LO11: identify structures related to the limbic system

function of hippocampus

A

explicit (conscious) memories

108
Q

LO12: list the 12 cranial nerves by name and number

cranial nerves arise primarily from…

A

base of brain

109
Q

LO12: list the 12 cranial nerves by name and number

cranial nerves are numbered…

A

I to XII

110
Q

LO12: list the 12 cranial nerves by name and number

most cranial nerves carry fibers…

A

b/n the brainstem and ipsilateral receptors

(a lesion in 1 side of the brainstem causes a sensory or motor deficit on the same side of the head – exceptions II and IV)

111
Q

LO14: characterize such nerves as predominantly sensory, motor, or mixed:

which cranial nerves are traditionally sensory nerves?

A

I, II, VIII

112
Q

LO14: characterize such nerves as predominantly sensory, motor, or mixed:

which cranial nerves are traditionally motor nerves?

A

III, IV, VI, XI, XII

113
Q

LO14: characterize such nerves as predominantly sensory, motor, or mixed:

which cranial nerves are traditionally mixed nerves?

A

V, VII, IX, X

114
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

old opie occasionally tries trigonometry and feels very gloomy, vague, and hypoactive

A

olfactory (I)
optic (II)
oculomotor (III)
trochlear (IV)
trigeminal (V)
abducens (VI)
facial (VII)
vestibulocochlear (VIII)
glossopharyngeal (IX)
vagus (X)
accessory (XI)
hypoglassal (XII)

115
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(I) – which nerve, characterize, function, and impairment

A

olfactory nerve (I)

sensory nerve

sense of smell

damage: anosmia

116
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(II) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

optic nerve (II)

sensory nerve

transmits visual signals from retina of eye to brain

damage: blindness

117
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(VIII) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

sensory nerve

hearing and equilibrium

damage: sensorineural deafness, nystagmus

118
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(III) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

oculomotor nerve (III)

motor nerve

innervation to the pupil and lens (focusing and pupillary diameter), the upper eyelid, and the eye muscles that allow for visual tracking and gaze fixation

damage: fixed and dilated pupil

119
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(IV) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

trochlear nerve (IV)

motor nerve

eye movement: direct the gaze slightly downward and rotate the top of the eyeball toward the nose (compensating for head movements)

damage: double vision

120
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(VI) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

abducens nerve (VI)

motor nerve

eye movement: directs the gaze laterally (control the lateral rectus muscle)

121
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(XI) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

accessory nerve (XI)

motor nerve

not a true cranial nerve – it arises from the upper spinal cord

controls swallowing and neck and shoulder muscles

122
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments.

cranial nerve learning aid:

A

old opie occasionally tries trigonometry and feels very gloomy, vague, and hypoactive

123
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(XII) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

hypoglassal nerve (XII)

motor nerve

controls tongue movements of speech, food, manipulation, and swallowing

124
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(V) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

trigeminal nerve (V)

mixed nerve

the largest cranial nerve
the most important sensory nerve of face
damage

125
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

describe 3 branches of trigeminal nerve (V)

A

ophthalmic division (V1) – sensory
maxillary division (V2) – sensory
mandibular division (V3) – mixed –> mastication

damage to one of these divisions results in loss of sensation from the respective region of the face

damage to V1 (ophthalmic division) –> absence of blink reflex

damage to V2 (maxillary) and V3 (mandibular) –> loss of sense of touch, pain, and temp

126
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(VII) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

facial nerve (VII)

mixed nerve

sensory for taste

5 branches:
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
mandibular
cervical

127
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(IX) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

mixed nerve

head, neck, and thoracic region

damage: difficulty swallowing, loss of bitter and sour taste sensations

128
Q

LO13: describe the function(s) of each cranial nerve and associated impairments

(X) – which nerve, function, and impairment

A

vagus nerve (X)

mixed nerve

has the most extensive distribution of any cranial nerve

major role in control of cardiac, pulmonary, digestive, and urinary function – swallowing, speech, regulation of viscera

damage causes:
hoarseness or loss of voice
impaired swallowing
fatal if both are cut

BIOL 203 – Anatomy & Physiology (58 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions