Practice NAVLE 1 Incorrect Questions Flashcards
How does the bacteria Coxiella burnetii persist in the environment?
It forms spore-like structures
Coxiellosis is caused by?
Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular bacterium
List the most common reservoirs of Coxiella burnetii:
Sheep, goats, cattle
How is Coxiellosis transmitted? Describe a classic case.
Transmitted via inhalation, ingestion, direct contact.
Classic case: Late term abortion, anorexia
Coxiella burnetii is more heat resistant than?
Mycobacterium bovis
Therefore this bacterium sets standards in the U.S. for pasteurization.
What are the effects of Coxiella burnetii if contracted by a human?
Coxiellosis is a REPORTABLE disease. It can be asymptomatic or cause “Q” fever in humans, abortion in pregnant women, endocarditis in people with preexisting heart defects or immunosuppression.
Renal neoplasm
The radiograph shown is from a red-eared slider turtle. The turtle is housed in a 10 gal (38 L) aquarium with an inadequate water filtration system that results in fetid water. Its diet consists of a commercial pelletized aquatic turtle food. What major clinical sign would you see that would help you confirm your diagnosis?
Lop-sided swimming
How do you treat footrot in a sheep flock?
Zinc sulfate bath, inspect all lambs feet and trim those affected
Ivermectin
This is Psoroptes cuniculi, a mite commonly seen in rabbits.
Tx with Ivermectin
A 3-week-old, hand-fed cockatiel is being evaluated because of inappetence, regurgitation, and delayed crop emptying. What is the most appropriate next step?
Cytologic evaluation of crop contents
A. CVT
B. Kennel worker
C. Receptionist
D. Veterinarian
E. Veterinary assistant
A
What is the most common causative agent of otitis externa in dogs?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
This cat has toxoplasmosis
Clean and empty the litter box every 24 hours during treatment
Identify the condition pictured. How would you treat it?
Chin acne
While the exact mechanism is not understood, the abnormal follicular keratinization is thought to be related to a primary seborrheic disease such as excessive sebum production (natural oil produced by the skin). Stress, viral infection, immunosuppression, allergies, or poor grooming habits may also play a role. Unfortunately, none of these conditions have been proven to be the cause of feline acne
Tx: Hydrogen peroxide or benzoyl peroxide. Shave area prior to application
??
. A 4-year-old neutered male cat is in shock two hours after sustaining a small wound in the left flank and a larger wound on the lower right side just caudal to the 13th rib. A projectile injury is suspected. Which condition is most likely to result from these injuries?
Peritonitis
A 12-year-old spayed female Siamese cat is being evaluated because of poor body condition, weight loss, and polydipsia.
Complete blood count shows mild nonregenerative anemia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia. Which of the following tests is most likely to help establish the diagnosis?
A. Blood culture
B. Bone marrow aspiration
C. Coomb’s test
D. FIP
E. Toxoplasma titer
B
An 82-1b (37-kg), 8-year-old neutered male German Shepherd mixed-breed dog is being evaluated because of a two-month history of decreased exercise tolerance. The client reports that the dog had two episodes of “profound weakness” on walks during the past week. The dog seems comfortable at home, but his “heart is racing all the time.” Two years ago, another veterinarian diagnosed the dog with hypothyroidism and prescribed oral levothyroxine 0.8 mg twice daily. Dosage was reevaluated one month after initiation of treatment and was determined appropriate. Appetite, urination, and bowel movements are normal. Body condition score is 6/9. Temperature is 101.2°F (38.4°C) and heart rate is 180 beats/min. The dog is panting.
Physical examination detects a pulse deficit that occurs three to five times each minute. No other abnormalities are noted.
Results of complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, and urinalysis are within normal limits. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the episodic weakness in this dog?
Decreased cardiac output
A 5-year-old female West Highland White Terrier dog is brought back to the clinic ten days after being diagnosed as having pyoderma. Physical examination at the time had shown papules, pustules, and epidermal collarettes predominantly distributed in the inguinal region. A two-week course of trimethoprim-sulfadiazine at a standard dose was prescribed, and the client reported clearing of the lesions within a few days. The dog has now developed spreading, circular, bull’s-eye, erythematous lesions on the thorax and forelimbs. There are some papules but no erosion or ulceration. A skin biopsy is obtained. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step pending results of the skin biopsy?
Discontinue all therapy
What is the most common form of inflammatory bowel disease in cats?
Lymphocytic-plasmacytic
What is the most common coccidia of cats and dogs? What are the clinical signs? How is it diagnosed? Treatment?
Isospora spp.
Most infected dogs and cats do not display clinical signs. Acute cases are associated with diarrhea. In severe cases you may see blood in the stool.
Fecal flotation is used to diagnose this condition.
Infection usually spontaneously resolves. A sulfa AB (e.g. sulfadimethoxine) can be used in clinically ill patients.
Cryptococcus neoformans
Name the most common systemic fungal disease in cats. Pathogenesis, C/S, Tx
Cryptococcus neoformans
Pathogenesis: Cat inhales fungal spores found in bird droppings, pigeon feces, decaying vegetation.
C/S: Chronic nasal discharge, sneezing, loud breathing, swelling of the nose and face, deep non-healing wounds on the nose, visible masses or polyps in the nasal cavity. CNS Form: sudden blindness, seizures, behavioral changes, head or spinal pain. Cutaneous form: single or multiple non-painful, non-itchy nodules on or right below skin +/- LN enlargement.
Dx: Antigen detection test
Tx: Antifungal therapy
A. Acepromazine
B. Diazepam
C. Ketamine
D. Phenytoin
E. Xylazine
Diazepam
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Potassium
D. Chloride
E. Phosphorous
Potassium
Do you see Hyperkalemia more with acute or chronic kidney disease?
This answer is two fold!
Hyperkalemia is more commonly seen in cases of AKI, however you can see it in end stage CKD cases. Hypokalemia is more commonly seen in CKD cases.
A 7-year-old neutered male Miniature Poodle dog undergoes surgical repair of medial patellar luxation. Which of the following is most likely to aid in recovery?
A) Allowing the dog to exercise freely
B) Calcium supplementation
C) Corticosteroid therapy
D) Limb immobilization
E) Physical therapy
E
- Abdominal palpation confirms pregnancy in a cat that was bred three weeks ago, and the client requests termination of the pregnancy. Which of the following is the safest and most reliable management?
A) Administration of prostaglandin F za
O B) Cesarean delivery
C) Injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
D) Oral administration of diethylstilbestrol
O E) Ovariohysterectomy
E
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis most commonly occurs in dogs through contact with which of the following?
* A) Cattle
* B) Chickens
* C) Humans
* D) Soil
* E) Swine
C
A 14-year-old spayed female domestic shorthaired cat is undergoing routine annual examination. The client reports no changes in the cat’s activity level or appetite. The cat’s weight is stable; body condition score is 5/9. Respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min.
Physical examination shows pink mucous membranes. Thoracic auscultation discloses a grade III/VI systolic murmur and frequent dropped heartbeats. In addition to baseline blood and urine testing, which of the following is the most appropriate next step in establishing the diagnosis?
A) Cardiac troponin testing
B) Echocardiography
C) Electrocardiography
D) N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide testing
E) Thoracic radiography
B