General info - Porcine

Question 1

PRRS is caused by an?

Answer 1

Arterivirus - different strains

Question 2

What is the most economically devastating disease in pig production?

Answer 2

PRRS

Up to 100% neonatal mortality

Question 3

How does PRRS incite damage?

Answer 3

Invades pulmonary alveolar macrophages

Question 4

What secondary infections can be seen with PRRS?

Answer 4

Strep suis
Glaeserella parasuis
Mycoplasma spp.

Question 5

How does Influenza A incite damage?

Answer 5

Degeneration and necrosis of bronchi and bronchioli epithelium

Question 6

T/F: Influenza A is zoonotic

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Actinobacillus suis is characterized by what clinical signs?

Answer 7

Acute death of sows and neonate to finishing pigs (3-6 mo) with epistaxis.

Question 8

Describe the two syndromes seen in cases of Porcine circovirus disease.

Answer 8

Pigs early in grower (> 10 weeks)

Post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome: diarrhea

Porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome: pale to icteric skin with coalescing raised red to purple lesions covering the rump.

Can also cause late term abortions and mummified fetuses in gilts

Question 9

Porcine circovirus is ?

Answer 9

A small, nonenveloped DNA virus

Question 10

Pigs in late finishing (> 15 weeks) with a deep, barking and/or nonproductive cough and stop growing most likely have?

Answer 10

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Question 11

Mycoplasma hyosynoviae is only seen in pigs ages?

Answer 11

10-20 weeks of age

Question 12

How do you treat mycoplasma hyosynmoviae?

Answer 12

Lincomycin, Tylosin

Question 13

Nursery pigs 3-10 weeks old with muscle wasting and swollen joints most likely have?

Answer 13

Glasserella parasuis

Question 14

What is the etiology of glasser’s

Answer 14

Gram - rod

Question 15

What can be seen grossly in a patient with Glassers?

Answer 15

Fibrinous polyserositis of the peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura

Question 16

Seneca valley virus is caused by?

Answer 16

Picornavirus, genus Senecavirus

Question 17

Signs of foot and mouth Dz (FMD) in pigs are INDISTINGUISHABLE from signs of ?

Answer 17

Seneca Valley virus, swine vesicular Dz, and vesicular exanthema

Question 18

Streptococcus suis is caused by a ?

Answer 18

Facultatively anaerobic, gram + nonmotile coccus (chains)

Question 19

T/F: Strep suis is zoonotic

Answer 19

true

Question 20

What medication can be used to treat Sarcoptes Scabei?

Answer 20

Injectable: Ivermectin
Topical: Permethrin

Question 21

List the etiologic agent of greasy pig disease or exudative epidermatitis?

Answer 21

Staph hyicus

Question 21

What is the difference in terms of age and key characteristics between Staph hyicus, Sarcoptic mange, Trichinosis, and Sunburn?

Answer 21

Question 21

How do you treat a case of exudative epidermatitis?

Answer 21

Early AB, topical chlorohex and mineral oil sprays.

Question 22

T/F: Exudative epidermatitis is the least common skin disease of pigs.

Answer 22

False, it is the most common

Question 23

How do you treat a case of erysipelas rhusiopathiae?

Answer 23

Penicillin, Lincomysin, Tylosin

Question 24

How can you prevent Erysipelas rhusiopathiae?

Answer 24

Vaccinate sow twice at breeding and at each weaning. Vaccinate the piglets twice

Question 25

Where do Trichinella larvae encyst?

Answer 25

In the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle

Question 26

List the differences in terms of age and key characteristics of the following pathogens:
- Glasserella parasuis
- Streptococcus suis
- Mycoplasma hyorhinis
- Mycoplasma hyosynoviae
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Answer 26

Question 27

What is the difference between classical swine fever, aka hog cholera, and african swine fever?

Answer 27

Both CSF and ASF have similar presentations: vasculitis; purple discoloration of ears, belly, limbs.

Classical swine fever is an RNA virus (Flaviviridae family)

African Swine fever is a DNA virus and is 100% fatal

Question 28

What deficiencies can cause lameness, fractures, swollen joints?

Answer 28

Vitamin D (< 5 ng/mL is diagnostic)
Calcium: P ratio

Question 29

Ionophores are considered to be toxic to pigs when given?

Answer 29

With Tiamulin; Tiamulin inhibits the cytochome P450 enzyme which inhibits ionophore metabolism leading to toxicosis

Question 30

What is an approved ionophore fed to pigs?

Answer 30

Narasin

Question 31

What is a key microscopic lesion found on histology of a patient that died from ionophore + Tiamulin toxicity?

Answer 31

Degeneration and necrosis of skeletal muscle and diaphragm myocytes

Question 32

List the age of onset gross lesions, microscopic lesions, and diarrhea type for Clostridium perfringens type C
Clostridium perfringens type A
E. coli
Rotavirus
C. difficile
Isospora suis aka coccidiosis

Answer 32

Question 33

What is the causative agent of post-weaning diarrhea?

Answer 33

Enterotoxigenic E. Coli (ETEC)
F18 adhesin is associated with edema disease; gross lesions in all body tissues

K88 adhesin is associated with dilated small intestines

Question 34

What is the causative agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy or ileitis?

Answer 34

Lawsonia intracellularis

Question 35

What is the characteristic gross lesion seen in cases of ileitis in pigs?

Answer 35

Ileum is increased in diameter with serosal surface having a marked rigid appearance.

Question 36

Salmonella typhimurium causes what, grossly?

Answer 36

Button ulcers in colon, edematous walls in ileum, cecum, and spiral colon

Question 37

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGE) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PED) is caused by? Seen in what age range?

Answer 37

Coronaviruses

All pig age ranges

Question 38

Milk spotted liver is caused by?

Answer 38

Ascaris suum
large round worm

Question 39

Answer 39

Ascaris suum in the lumen of the SI

Question 40

Pityriasis roasea is commonly confused with what other dermatologic condition?

Answer 40

Dermatophytosis