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vets 1025 > practice exam > Flashcards

practice exam Flashcards

1
Q

approx after what time period do intestines stop absorbing colostrum immunoglobulins

A

12 hours of age
50% at 12 hr
0 % at 24-27

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2
Q

which of the following terms best describes female bovine that is less than 3 years of age has not had a calf

A

heifer

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3
Q

when carrying out a chemical clean of a cat condo you will clean

A

from the top of the enclosure downwards

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4
Q

in australia emotional support dogs

A

give emotional support their handler

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5
Q

in qld you can expect an assistance dog to exhibit a high standard of appropriate behaviour

A

handler and the dog have undergone training and passed a public access test

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6
Q

which of the following is not part of the definition of “behaviour” in companion animals
response to stimulus
welfare
mental processing
movement and activties

A

welfare

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7
Q

major influences on companion animal behaviour are:

A

genetics, learning history, current environment

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8
Q

sounds that that typically distress dogs and cats in a clinic is

A

clippers

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9
Q

one of the major reasons we need to restrain animals in clinic is

A

to hold the animal safely during procedures such as drawing blood

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10
Q

which has greatest breed distribution in aus
purebred
certified pedigree
both purebred and pedigree
cross bred

A

cross bred

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11
Q

when considering the 7 basic needs of all animals that ensures physical and mental wellbeing, the need for protection from disease and injury includes all EXCEPT the following
- safe housing
- adequate food and water
- hygiene and cleaning
- healthcare

A

adequate food and water

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12
Q

out of security, complexity, achievement and novelty which is the most important to consider in clinic

A

security

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13
Q

in relation to the 4 elements of effective sanitation program which of the following is considered first priority

A

clean then disinfect

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14
Q

the general vaccine program for puppies requires how many vaccines

A

3

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15
Q

what is true with respect to animal rights

A

animal rights means that animals have rights that should be used to guide how humans interact w animals

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16
Q

welfare quality assurance (QA) schemes can be best described as

A

farmer compliance w QA scheme-defined standards and procedures

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17
Q

which of the following is NOT animal that is unfit to be transported
- blind in both eyes
- unable to stand or weight bear on each leg
- pregnant animals
- females that have given birth within 48 hours

A

pregnant animals

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18
Q

which is most important to understand for handling animals

A

animal behaviour

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19
Q

the attribution of human traits, emotions or intentions to non-human entities is

A

anthropomorphism

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20
Q

what is best description of biosecurity

A

managing risks of infectious diseases and pests that have human health, social amenity, animal health/ welfare and economic impacts

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21
Q

what should you consider when selecting appropriate level of PPE
a) probability of being exposed an infectious agent and the impact of that exposure
b) alarming clinical signs such as fever and discharge in the patient
c) use of high risk procedures including obstetrics and necropsies
d) all of the above

A

all of above

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22
Q

social system of a group of animals arranged on a basis of relatedness is known as

A

kin selected group dynamics

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23
Q

index signal predicts

A

the signal cannot be fake, meaning females will preferentially use this signal in mate choice

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24
Q

the predator/prey arms race predicts larger groups evolve, this can be explained as

A

as an individuals size becomes a limiting factor, the predator will evolve other attack strategies

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25
Q

what is not the answer to one of tinbergens 4 questions

a) the adaptive value of the trait is to protect against predators
b) the proximate cause of the trait is the pheromones emitted
c) the upper limit of the group size is defined by food availability
d) the trait is innate

A

c

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26
Q

which is NOT a consideration in mate choice
immuno-competence
natural selection
inbreeding avoidance
weapons and ornaments

A

natural selection

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27
Q

handicap signal predicts

A

the signal is too costly to fake, meaning it is an entirely honest signal

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28
Q

which of the following statements about intrasexual selection is NOT correct
- members of same sex compete for access to female
- involves weapons and ornaments
- always involves physical competition
- can occur within females as well as males

A

it always involves physical competition (not true)

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29
Q

testosterone can cause unwanted behaviours, what would you consider these behaviours to be

A

innate

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30
Q

the term voluntary wait period is most relevant to what kind of cow

A

fresh cows

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31
Q

which of the following recognized classes of stock present in UQ dairy herd
- bucket calves
- dry cows
- yearlings
- all of the above

A

all of the above

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32
Q

what is the second most common dairy breed in aus

A

jersey

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33
Q

name of circle around each cow where handlers presence will cause animal to react

A

flight zone

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34
Q

what does NOT reduce cannibalism
debeaking
foraging provision
reduced light intensity
increasing stocking density

A

increasing stocking density

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35
Q

what is the function of the ventriculus in the avian GI tract

A

acts as the birds teeth for grinding w a thick kaolin lining and grit

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36
Q

normal incubation period for commercial turkey is

A

28 days

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37
Q

what should ammonia levels be in poultry farm

A

below 20 ppm

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38
Q

how to tell what is best performing farm

A

highest percent hatch of fertility

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39
Q

in commercial layer production a pullet is

A

an immature hen before lay

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40
Q

poultry are stimulated to ovulate and produce eggs by

A

increasing day length

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41
Q

3 Rs of research

A

replace, reduce, refine

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42
Q

use of environmental enrichment is an example of

A

promoting positive states

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43
Q

what legislation regulates the use of laboratory animals in QLD

A

animal care and protections act

44
Q

why do water changes

A

lower nitrate levels

45
Q

good filter has what 3 layers

A

mechanical filter (sponge), chemical filter (charcoal) and biological filter (ceramic beads)

46
Q

in an open yard an aviary should face

A

north

47
Q

what is best aviary most suited to ground feeding parrots

A

full flight w concrete floors

48
Q

adult bearded dragons should be fed

A

3 times weekly (every 2-3 days)

49
Q

ferrets are

A

energetic animals, they are a hunting predator and therefore are constantly active

50
Q

guinea pigs are

A

social animals that do best in small groups

51
Q

12 week old chicken should be fed a

A

grower diet

starter 22% protein hatch-6 weeks
grower 14-16% protein 6-18 weeks
layer 15-18% protein

52
Q

when planning to build a chicken coop what consideration should be given to providing perches

A

should be at least 150 mm of roost space per bird

53
Q

when restraining a falcon, care must be taken to firstly restrain

A

the feet

54
Q

when restraining a snake its 1 person per m of snake, in order to

A

prevent injuring the snake’s spine through a lack of support

55
Q

social license is best described as

A

acceptance by communities for particular businesses and their operations

56
Q

what are the 5 freedoms and 5 domains

A

freedom from hunger and thirst= nutrition
freedom from pain, injury and disease = health
freedom to express natural behvaiours= behaviour
freedom from discomfort= environment
freedom from fear and distress= mental

57
Q

defining what constitutes an ethical animal interaction is difficult, because ethical use is a limited continuum impacted by the observer’s values and beliefs, regarding teaching at UQ who ultimately determines ethical animal use

A

animal ethics committee

58
Q

what is a fomite

A

an inanimate object which can transfer an infectious agent

59
Q

most accurate summary of how biosecurity is managed by the major regulatory agencies in aus

A

regulations set by by federal government and enforced by the various state and territory governments

60
Q

social system of a group of animals arranged ona priority basis is known as

A

a dominance hierarchy

61
Q

darwin’s theory of sexual selection maintains that

A

females will be selective about the males w whom they will mate

62
Q

handicap

A

signal is too costly to fake, meaning it is entirely honest

63
Q

which is NOT necessarily an effect of domestication
a) the selection for traits that are mal-adaptive in the wild
b) natural selection for adaptations to the captive environment
c) artificial selection for certain traits that the humans consider important
d) development of abnormal behaviours such as sterotypies

A

natural selection for adaptations to the captive environment

64
Q

if cow is lame on left hind limb what would you see

A

head bobs down when weight bearing on left hind limb

65
Q

in dairy cows how many days do we aim for lactation period

A

305 days (60 day dry off period)

66
Q

what is main type of dairy production system in aus

A

pasture plus moderate to high concentrate feed

67
Q

what is the difference between humane killing and euthanasia

A

euth is performed in the interests of the animals wellbeing

68
Q

what is most important in the principle of reduction

A

avoiding unnecessary reduplication of experiments

69
Q

when assessing water quality what parameter is most important

A

ammonia

70
Q

during weekly water change how much water removed

A

4-10%

71
Q

environmental enrichment is needed to

A

reduce unwanted behaviours and increase normal behaviours

72
Q

reptiles should be kept within a temp gradient to allow them to maintain their preferred body temp (PBT) this allows them to

A

maintain best possible health

73
Q

terrarium for hatchling pythons should be

A

small, to allow the snake to conserve energy and find food readily

74
Q

cockerel is

A

a young rooster

75
Q

at what age does a chicken reach point of lay

A

16-21 weeks

76
Q

safest tool for restraining a bird is

A

a towel

77
Q

some lizards undergo autotomy, a voluntary avulsion of the tail, these lizards include

A

skinks

78
Q

in qld an assistance dog:

A

handler and the dog have undergone training and passed a public access test together

79
Q

when an assistance dog at clinic important to know

A

dogs cues to urinate and to eat

80
Q

best way to describe demeanour of companion animal

A

describe the animal’s appearance, including its facial expression, tail and how it is holding its body

81
Q

best way to recognize abnormal

A

thorough knowledge and understanding of normal

82
Q

Which of the following is not a legislated document?
a) “The Animal Care and Protection Act” (2001)
b) NHMRC “Policy on the Care of Dogs (and Cats) used for Scientific Purposes”
c) “The Australian Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes”2013
d) Animal Care & Protection Regulation 2012; subordinate legislation No.141

A

b

83
Q

To create disease, germs often need to be present in the millions or billions of particles. The dose required to induce disease in any individual depends on both virulence of the germ in question, and the animal’s immune status. This concept is called:

A

the dose effect

84
Q

vomeronasal organ

A

detects pheromones

85
Q

cats have how many teeth

A

30; 16 upper 14 lower

86
Q

provision of foods in order to supply nutrients int he amount and proportions that promote as specified performance is called

A

dietetics

87
Q

ideal BCS for dogs

A

4-5

88
Q

tapetum lucidum

A

mirror like structure on cats eyes which creates green shine at night

89
Q

best housing system for hens to express natural behaviour

A

free range

90
Q

poultry farm during summer type of ventilation used would most likely be

A

tunnel ventilation

91
Q

what is proventriculus in avian GI tract

A

known as true stomach and stores food for digestion

the gizzard/ ventriuculus acts as birds teeth for grinding w a thick kaolin lining and grit

92
Q

poultry have achieved fastest rates of genetic change because of

A

large pops and short generation intervals

93
Q

incubation period for chicken

A

21 days

94
Q

CO2 levels
NH3 levels
CO levels

A

CO2; below 2500 ppm
ammonia below 20
CO below 10

95
Q

poultry stimulated to ovulate and produce eggs by

A

increased photoperiod

96
Q

function of air sac in chicken respiratory system is to

A

allow continuous air flow through the lungs

97
Q

what is NOT a reason to use all in all out method:
a) vertical transmission of pathogens from hen to hen is reduced
b) down time between flocks reduces pathogen burden
c) reduce horizontal transmission of pathogens between different aged birds
d) removal of host environment for potential pathogens

A

vertical transmission of pathogens from hen to hen is reduced

98
Q

poultry do not have a

A

bladder

99
Q

normal time for transfer of chicken eggs from setter to hatch trays is

A

18 days of incubation (3 days before hatch)

100
Q

what species uses AI as a standard

A

turkey parent stock

101
Q

what breed of cattle produces greatest volume of milk

A

holstein

102
Q

dairy cows that are too thin at time of calving

A

take longer to recommence cycling

103
Q

typically after calving, the milk from dairy cow should NOT be allowed to enter milk vat for

A

4 days 8 milkings

104
Q

what are chicken vaccines

A

marek’s disease
Newcastle disease
infectious bronchitis
infectious bursal disease ** they have internal immunity
coccidia
others

105
Q
A

vets 1025 (44 decks)

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