poultry welfare, nutrition and behaviour Flashcards
1
Q
what is model wild chicken
A
red jungle fowl, native to SE asia
2
Q
maintenance behaviours
A
behaviours through which animals sustain their physiological equilibrium
3
Q
chicks feeding and drinking behvaiours
A
- strong tendency to pick at particles, shiny objects
- nipple drinkers
- directed by pecking/ vocalization from hen
- eat often, brood 23 hrs of light
4
Q
adult feeding patterns
A
- diurnal rhythm
- feeding peak in morning, pronounced feeding peak before dusk
- fill crop to last overnight
5
Q
is feed intake correlated to water consumption
A
yes 2:1 ratio
6
Q
feed types and protein
A
- starter: 22% protein, hatch - 6 weeks
- grower 14-16 % protein 6-18 weeks (POL)
layer: 15-18% protein
7
Q
how much food
A
120-160 g/ hen/ day
8
Q
foraging behaviour
A
- pecking and scratching at ground
- appetitive component of feeding
- loose litter, non-caged systems
- caged birds; manipulate feed in feeder
9
Q
movement behaviour
A
- wing flapping
- postural changes for heat dissipation
- large scale locomotion
10
Q
comfort behaviours
A
- preening, wing flapping, feather ruffling, stretching
- dust and water bathing in afternoons
- dislodging parasites
- rest/ sleep
11
Q
uropygial gland
A
preen gland
12
Q
what happens pre-laying
A
- increased activity and restlessness 1 hr prior to lay
- hormonal changes
- search phase (average 21 nest visits)
- turning, floor scratching, collecting straw
- sit for 25-40 mins prior
13
Q
why might egg eating occur
A
- overcrowding
- uneven nest space
- nutritional deficiency
- too bright lights
- not disposing of cracked eggs
14
Q
egg eating prevention
A
- frequent gathering of eggs
- increasing nest availability
- darkening the nest
- beak modification
- inducing a moult
- culling
15
Q
how to control broodiness
A
- remove from nest
- temporary separation from flock
- remove all eggs daily
