Portugal Flashcards
DOs of Azores
3
Pico
Biscoitos
Graciosa
The oldest port house
Kopke
1638
Macieira
created in 1885 and is the most consumed brandy in Portugal. It’s based on natural herbal extracts, smothered wine, oak and caramel extracts.
Minimum residual sugar for Port wines
17.5 g
DOPs of Acores
3
Biscoitos
Graciosa
Pico
On which island is Biscoitos DOP located?
Terceira
Colheita
Minimum aging
7 years
Late-Bottled-Vintage (LBV)
Minimum aging in oak
4 years
LBV Envelhicido em garrafa
additionally aged for 3 years in bottle
Garrafeira port
aged in cask for at least 4 years, maximum 8 years
with minimum 15 years of bottle maturing.
Saibro
Madeira decomposed red tufa
Cascalho
Madeira stony soil
Pedra molle
Madeira
an arenaceous soil, of decomposed yellow tufa
Massapes
Madeira
clay resulting from the decomposition of dark tufa
Fladgate Partnership, which owns the brands…
Taylor’s
Croft
Fonseca
Madeira soils
4
- Saibro (decomposed red tufa)
- Cascalho (stony soil)
- Pedra molle (an arenaceous soil, of decomposed yellow tufa)
- Massapes (clay resulting from the decomposition of dark tufa)
DOP Alentejo sub-regions
8
Portalegre
Borba
Évora
Redondo
Reguengos
Granja-Amareleja
Moura
Vidigueira
The only producer of Porto Garrafeira
Niepoort
Castelão
The most common red variety. It is often referred to as Periquita. It’s predominantly planted in the south. Can create wines with complex, herbaceous character or vinified into an easy drinking style.
Trincadeira
Also known as Tinta Amarela, it is difficult to grow, but does will in hot, dry areas like Alentejo and Tejo. Produces with with acidity and notes of blackberry, herbs and pepper.
Fernão Pires
(Also called Maria Gomes) is Portugal’s most widely planted white grape.Found mostly in the South (palmela, Setubal). Made in a variety of styles including still and sparkling.
4 Madeira’s grapes
(all white)
Sercial
Verdleho
Boal (Bual)
Malvasia (Malmsey)
7 Officially recommended white grapes for VV
Alvarinho
Arinto (Pederna)
Avesso
Azal
Batoca
Loureiro
Trajadura
Officially recommended red grapes for VV
8
Vinhao
Amaral (Azal Tinto)
Alvarelhao (Brancelho)
Borracal
Espadeiro
Padeiro
Pedral
Rabo de Anho
White port varieties
Malvasia Fina
gouveio
Port wine production: Cadastro
A unique and complex ranking system that assesses 12 factors, including altitide, yield, and locality, awarding or subtracting points to arrive at a final score.Based on this score vineyards are ranked from A to F. The rankings determine each grower’s beneficio, authorization- the maximum amount of wine that may be fortified that year.
Port history cont’d
when first made in the 1600’s, wine was vinified in quintas (estates) in the upper Duoro Valley. The wine was sent downriver to the City of Oporto via traditional boats known as Barcos rabelos for transport to market.
1800’s history
The center of production shifter across the river to Vila Nova de Gaia, where doxens of lodges were used for storing and aging wine. These are owned by port negociants known as “shippers.” The higher humidity and cooler temps on the coast provide better conditions for aging port with less evaporation.
Port today
Boat trip is replaced by trucking and Nova de Gaia is still center of the Port trade, but many do their own blending and aging at their own controlled facilities in the Duoro valley.
Ruby Port
the simplest of ports, comprising large share of of all port produced. They have a vibrant red color and youthful aromas but lack the longevity and complexity of flavors found in other styles of Port. Aged in large oak casks for about two years before being bottled and ready to drink
Reserve
A blend of premium ruby ports bottled after 4-6 years aging in oak vats, reserve are more like tawny in style.
Late bottled vintage
(LBV) Wine froma single year, matured in a large oak vat for 4-6 years after harvest. Most are filtered before bottling and consumed after release.
Tawny
A veresion of ruby that is aged long enough for it to oxidize and color to turn from red to golden brown, developing richer oxidized flavors. can be aged just a few years
Reserve Tawny
Reflect the true tawny style and are required to age 6 years before bottling.
Vintage
The rarest and most expensie style of port. Most ports are blends from multiple years. Vintage is a single year and is only produced in the best years.
Vintage declarations
Declared by the producer, sometimes in as few as three years out of 10. Must be approved by IVDP (Instituto dos Vinhos do Duoro e Porto. It is is aged in casks but must be bottle dby July 30 of the 3rd year after harvest After bottling, it is cellared for many years before release. Wine may spend decades aging in the bottle. Each one is unique and reflects the growing season of that year.
Single quinta
Made from the specific grapes of one vineyard and may be vintage or nonvintage. sometimes produced in years that wewre not good enough for a vintage year for their entire estate (controversial). Requires the same handling as other vintage ports.
Examples: Dow’s Quinta do Bomfim and Taylor’s Quinta de Terra Feita
Colheita
A single-vintage tawny port. Wine must remian in cask for at least 7 years, but in practice spends a lot more time in cask before bottling.
White
Much less common than red styles, it is made form Malvasia Fina, Gouveio and Rabigato (plus more) made in both off dry and sweet versions and often served as an aperetiff.
The first rose port
Croft introduced a rose port called Croft pink in 2008. Intended to appeal to a new generation of wine makers. After popularity, others followed suit.
Madeira
An island located 400 miles off the coast of Morocco, is home to the second of Portugal’s classic fortified wines.<br></br><img></img>
History and process
Island of Madeira was an important resupply point for ships en route to the Far East or the Americas. Ships took aboard local wines which were fortified so they wouldn’t spoil on the voyage. The time spent in the stiffing hot cargo hold of the ship sailing through the tropics did something to the wine that improved the quality, resulting in caramelized, nutty flavors. Maderization was used to describe this process.
Madeira DOC
wines may be oroduced on Madeira as well as Porto Santo (27 miles northeast of Madeira) Unfortified tble wines are also made on the isalnd and labeled as Madeirense DOC or Terras madeirenses VR
Madeirense DOC
table wine made on madeira or Porto Santo
Terras Madeirenses VR
Table wine made on madeira or Porto Santo
Geography and climate
A small volcanic island with its highest point 6000 ft above sea level. Vines are planted on steep, terraced slopes. It sits in subtropical lat, with minimal temperature variation. 75% of rainfall comes in autumn and winter months.
levadas
a systems of canals that are used to irrigate the vineyards of madeira, which dates back to the fifteenth century.
Noble grape varieties and planting (lowest to highest elevation)
malvasia (Malmsey)
Boal close to sea level
Up the mountain: Verdelho
1/2 up mountain: Sercial
Tinta Negra Mole
The most widely planted variety on the island, and can take on characteristics of noble varieties at the same elevations.
Madeira Wine production
both dry and sweet styles so it is fortified either during or after fermentation.
Dry styles
Made with noble: sercial, verdelho, or Tinta Negra mole are fortified after fermentation.
Sweet styles
Made form Boal, malvasia or Tinta Negra mole, are fortified during fermentation, which halts the process while wine is still sweet.
methods of maderizing: Canteiro method
to simulate the sunbaked conditions of long ago: Wine is placed in an uncooled warehouse rafters subject to high temps for a minimum of two years. Evaporation occur sand the remaining wine becomes more concentrated. these are considered of finest quality. Bottled at minimum of three years, but many are in cask for 20 or more.
Estufagem Method
Undergoes a process of cuba de color. Wine is left in a stainless steel vat known as an estufa. Hot water is circulated through a coil in the tank for three months heating the wine to 113 or 122 F. After this, the wine rests in estufa for min 90 days. It is then transferred to a cask for aging. this is the least expensive aging method in terms of cost and time required.
Armazen de calor
Another estufagem method, invoves leaving wine in vats in a large room that is heated by steam to over 120 for 6-12 months. Used mostly by the madeira wine company, it uses longer time and lower temps than estufagem method and is considered an intermediate of the time required and cost.
Sercial
Extra dry or dry, highyl acidic, excelletn as an aperitiff
Verdelho
off-dry or medium fry, honeyed, somewhat smoky character.
Boal
Sweet, raisiny, medium rich, aromactic
Malmsey
Very sweet, somewhat soft, very rich
Labeling issues with the EU
Varietal names only allowed if the bottle contained 85% of that varietal, which is not the case for madeira, so these styles are not seen anymore. It is now sold under a proprietary name or simply as madeira.
Rainwater
3+
A traditional name for an off dry blend with a golden or semi-golden color, must be at least three years old.
Reserve
Madeira
5+
Indicates a wine that is at least 5 but no more than 10 years old
Special reserve
Indicates a wine that is at least 10 years old but not more than 15
Extra Reserve
Madeira
15+
At least 15 but not more than 20 years old.
Age indications
Allows for wines that are 20, 30 or 40 years old (representing the youngest wine in the blend)
Colheita
Madeira
5+
Produced forma single vintage (85% min) and aged 5 years before bottling
Frasquiera
20+
Vintage madeira, cask aged for a minimum of 20 years. A minimum of 85% of the wine must be from the stated vintage, which allows for some “topping up” of the wine with younger wines throughout the aging process.
Bairrada DOC geography and Climate
located within Beira Atlanatico VR just inland from the coast. has a cool maritime climate. They make white, rose, red and sparkling wine with the majority being red.<br></br><img></img>
Baga Grape
Known for being high in acid and hihgly tannic, forms the basis Bairrada DOC red wines. Other red grapes, and some international reds are being grown as well.
Bairrada Sparkling Wine
Made with traditional method. Minimum 9 months aging, Made with the Maria Gomes (Ferrnao Pires) grape (accounts for most white production
Dão geography and climate
Located between the sea and the mountains. Compared to Bairrada, it is located further inland, surrounded by mountains and has a continental climate.<br></br><img></img>
Dão production
Produces white, red, and rose and sparkling wines, but focuses on complex, full bodied red blends.
Dão red varieties
Alfrocheiro
Tinta roriz
Jaen
Touriga Nacional
regulations require 15% Touriga Nacional, many are composed of 50%.
Dâo white varietals
Encruzado and bical
Lisboa
West and north of Lisbon, Lisboa VR produces a lot of Portugal’s regional wine. Whites are crisp and fresh based on Arinto. Reds are fruit forward with a good value to quality ratio.<br></br><img></img>
Lisboa reds
Bastardo
Trincadeira
Ramisco
but international varieties exist too.
Colares DOC
Located next to famous surfing beach of Guincho, is is a small DOC known for vineyards planted in the sand and protected from the ocean winds by windbreaks from sand dunes and wooden fences. high acid reds and white made from ramisco (red) and malvasia (whites)
Tejo
Region formerly known as Ribatejano is a significant producer of Regional wine and an even more significant producer of of Vinho de portugal. covering the same area as the Ribatejo province. Flat, fertile area spans both sides of the Tejo River. 55,000 acres under vine<br></br><img></img>
Tejo DOC
A small portion of the VR, produces red, white sparkling and licoroso (fortified) wines from a wide range of approved grape varieties. Castelao and Trincadeira are the leading red varieties. Fernao Pires is the leading white.
Peninsula de Setubal
protected from the sea by Arrabida Mountain Range and comprises the DOCs of Setubal and Palmela<br></br><img></img>
Palmela
Regarded for its vin doux natural, produced from muscat of Alexandria grape, and when made form 85% muscat, is labeled as Moscatel de Setubal.
Palmela DOc
Mainly red and based on Castelao grape., which thrives in the area’s dandy soils.
Grapes of Alentejo
Aragonex (tempranillo), Trincadeira, Alicante bouschet, with new plantings of CS, Sryah.
Algarve VR
Southernmost region on mainland, it has a number of climates depeding on proximity to the coast. Four DOCs:
lagos
Portimao
Lagoa
Tavira
Grapes are similar to those of Alentejo<br></br><img></img>
The Azores
a chain of nine islands 1,000 miles off the west coast of Portugal. Collectively, the islands are covered by the Azores VR, but three isalnds have their own DOCs. Biscoitos, Graciosa and Pico. Madeirs ia bout 700 miles Southeast of Pico. Majority of wine is white, based on verdelho, Arinto (Pederna) or Terrantez varieties.<br></br><img></img>
What are the soils in the Douro? Which one is prefered?
Granite and Schist. Schist is preferred
What are the four AOPs of the Algarve from West to East: Lag, Lag Port and Tavel
Lagos, Portimão, Lagoa, and Tavira
This region releases a larger volume of wine than any other in Portugal?
Lisboa
True or False: The Dão DOP is located within the larger Duriense IGP?
False
Alvarinho, Trajadura, and Loureiro grapes commonly encountered in which DOP?
Vinho Verde
Which of the following types of appellation has been eliminated in Portugal?
DOP
• IGP
• DOC
• IPR
• IG
IPR
What is the preferred soil type for Port?
Schist
Which is a Portuguese synonym for the Tempranillo grape?
Aragonez
True or False: Baga is usually the dominant white varietal in the traditional wines of Bairrada?
False
What is a casta?
A grape variety
What is the most planted red grape in DoTejo?
Castelão
How long must a red Dão Nobre Garrafeira wine be aged prior to release?
48 months (including a minimum 18 months in bottle)
Where is Alta Estremadura?
Lisboa
Ramisco, planted on its own rootstock, is the dominant red grape in the____DOP?
Colares
True or False: Muscatel must comprise a minimum 67% of wines labeled “Moscatel de Setúbal”?
True
What is Enforcado?
A traditional pergola training system used in Vinho Verde
True or False: White, red, rosado, and sparkling wines may be released as Douro DOP?
True
What is the minimum combined percentage of Castelão and Preto Martinho required for Carcavelos DOP wines?
0.75
Place the following IGP zones in order from north to south.
Algarve
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras do Dão
Tejo Tejo
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras do Dão
Tejo Tejo
Algarve
Which of the following is not a subregion of Alentejo?
Portalegre
• Évora
• Borba
• Granja Amareleja
• Encostas de Aire
Encostas de Aire
Lagos, Lagoa, Portimão and ___ are DOPs located within the Algarve IGP?
Tavira
Name a DOP appellation that produces aguardente rather than wine?
Arruda (Lisbos)
What subregion of the Douro has the highest vineyard acreage?
Cima Corgo–think Cima Collina
Where is Chaves?
Trás-os-Montes
What DOP of the Açores islands authorizes the production of table wines rather than fortified wines?
Graciosa
What is the northernmost subregion of Alentejo?
Portalegre
Which of the following label terms may be applied to wines of geographical designation that show a 1% higher abv than the minimum established by the respective appellation?
• Garrafeira
• Colheita Seleccionada
• Reserva
• Grande Reserva
Colheita Seleccionada
What grape comprises a minimum 15% of all Dão Nobre Branco wines?
Encruzado
Name all aliases for: the highly acidic grape prized for dry Madeira
“dog strangler”, Sercial, Esgana Cão
What style of wine is produced in the Lourinha DOP in Lisboa?
Aguardente (brandy).
What is the most widely grown red grape in Portugal?
Castelao’.
What are the dominent red & white grapes in Tejo?
Red = Castelao’.
White = Fernao Pires (known as Marie Gomes).
How many miles are the Azores Island located off the coast of Portugal? Of the 9 islands, only 3 have DOP zones, what are they?
1000 miles. Pico, Graciosa, Terceira.
Min ageing requirements for Frasqueira.
20 years in wood.
What style is Madeira DOP? Whats style is Madeirense DOP?
Madeira is Fortified. Madeirense is unfortified.
What is the dominent white grape of Dao’ ?
Encruzado.
Name the non Port fortified wine from the Douro.
Licoroso, a fortified Moscatel do Douro..
What is the most widely planted white grape in Portugal?
Fernau Pires (known as Marie Gomes).
What is the primary soil type in the Douro?
Schist
Which red grape must be in any blend from Dao DOP?
Touriga Nacional
Mencia is known as _____ in Portugal
Jaen
What is the minimum residual sugar level of Port?
17,5 g/l
Where can we find ungrafted Ramisco?
Colares (Lisboa)
What is the name for a small estate in Portugal?
Quinta
What is Transmontano?
East of Minho along the Spanish Border, north of Duriense
Which Douro subzone has the most plantings?
Cima Corgo
Three subzones of Douro from West to East?
Baixa Corgo, Cima Corgo and Douro Superior
What is the alternate name for Paderna?
Arinto
What are the two main soils in the Colares DOP?
Sandy and Chao rija
What are the four AOPs of the Algarve from West to East
Lagos, Portimao, Lagoa and Tavira
What tree is widespread through Alentejano?
Cork tree/quercus suber
Name the three subzones of the Douro from west to east?
Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo & Douro Superior
In Portugal, what are the two names for Tempranillo?
Aragonez and Tinta Roriz
What are the terraces in the Douro known as?
Socalcos - With Stone walls
Patamarces - without
What are the two mountains in the Douro?
Marao and Montemuro Mountains
In Portugal, Trincadeira is called?
Tinta Amarela
Name the two estuaries that define Peninsula de Setubal
Tangus and Sado estuaries
What does Bucelas DOP produce?
White wine from Arinto grape
What grape is known as Esgana Cao (the dog strangler)?
Sercial.
What region of Portugal is a Unesco World Heritage site?
Douro.
What DOP in the Acores islands produces unfortified, dry, white table wines?
Graciosa DOP.
What style comes out of Lourinha in Lisboa? Why?
Brandy. Cool & windy, grapes have difficulty ripening, thus restricting to Brandies.
Fernao Pires is aka as ________ ________ in Bairrada.
Marie Gomes.
What grape makes some of the greatest wines in the small DOC of Bucelas, where it must account for at least 75% of blends, along with Sercial & Rabo de Ovelho.
Arinto.
Put these in order of rising order of sweetness: Verdehlo, Sercial, Malvasia, Terrantez, Boal.
Sercial, Terrantez, Verdehlo, Boal, Malvasia.
What style wines come out of Peninsula de Setubal region? What grapes?
Sweet fortified. Moscatel (Muscat).
What is the min age for Colheita Port? In what vessel/
At least 7 years. In wood.
What style of wine is produced in the Lourinha DOP in Lisboa?
Aguardente (brandy).
Encruzado is the dominant grape of _______?
Dao
True or False: Fernau Pires (known as Marie Gomes) is the second most planted grape in Portugal?
It’s the most planted
What’s the most widely planted grape in Portugal?
Touriga Nacional
_______is the type of appellation that has been eliminated in Portugal?
IPR… Indicação de Proveniencia Regulamentada (IPR) has been eliminated as an official category, and former IPRs have been upgraded to DOP status
What grapes are encountered in the DOP zone of Vinho Verde?
Alvarinho, Trajadura, and Loureiro grapes
In 1990, _____ became one of Portugal’s first Região Demarcada in 1908
Dão or Terras do Dão (formerly Beiras)
White, red, rosado, and sparkling wines may be released as Douro DOP?
True
Place the following IGP zones in order from north to south:
Terras do Dão
Duriense
Transmontano
Terras do Dão
Algarve
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras do Dão
Tejo Tejo
Algarve
What is the minimum combined percentage of Castelão and Preto Martinho required for Carcavelos DOP wines?
0.75
Synonym for Maria Gomes?
Fernao Pires
Synonym for Arinto?
Paderna
Synonym for Sercial?
Esgana Cão
Synonym for Trincadeira?
Tinta Amarela
Synonym for Mortágua Preto?
Touriga Nacional
What does Colheita Seleccionada mean?
Label terms may be applied to wines of geographical designation that show a 1% higher abv than the minimum established by the respective appellation
Term that indicates a minimum period of aging prior to release?
garrafeira (“private wine cellar”)
What’s Graciosa?
DOP of the Açores islands authorizes the production of table wines rather than fortified wines
3 subregions within Trás-os-Montes?
Chaves
Valpa¢os
Planalto Mirandes
What’s Portalegre?
northernmost subregion of Alentejo
What’s Lourinhã known for?
Aguardente
Marques=
Loureira
Carcavelos DOP grapes
Castelão and Preto Martinho
8 Subregions of Alentejo
Portalegre
Borba
Redondo
Evora
Reguengos
Granja-Amareleja
Vidigueira
Moura
Port pipe volume
550 liters
Port #1 in Wine Spectator Top100 in 2014
Dow’s
Major wine regions of Portugal
-Minho
-Lisboa
-Algarve
-Beira Atlantico
-Peninsula de Setubal
-Transmontano
-Duriense
-Terras de Cister
-Terras do Dao
-Teras de Beira
-Alentejano
DOC or (DOP-Protected Designation of Origin)
- Denominacão de Origem Controlada
- Wines from 31 of the top regions
Pavão Vinho Verde
• 30 varietals allowed. Traditional grapes are:
-Alvarinho, Arinto,
Loureiro, Trajadura
• Crisp and refreshing acidity
• Slightly fizzy
Madeira Production
• Estufa System -
heating the wine
Madeira Production
Three methods used:
Natural heat - Madeira placed in wood barrels and kept in the attics of the winery. This takes a longer time to cook the wine.
Stainless tanks - with Hot water coils in the center. 122-degree hot water heats wine for at least 3 months.
Wood casks - kept in artificially heated rooms. Takes about six months.
Styles of Madeira
Styles vary by grape variety:
•Tinta Negra Mole
- inferior
Styles of Madeira
Styles vary by grape variety:
•Sercial
- lightest and dry
Styles of Madeira
Styles vary by grape variety:
•Verdelho
- golden and medium rich
Styles of Madeira
Styles vary by grape variety:
•Boal (Bual)
deep in color and sweet
Styles of Madeira
Styles vary by grape variety:
•Malmsey
dark brown , full bodied, very
sweet
Port Styles
Ruby
• Ruby: young, fruit forward, 3 year blend
• Vintage: declared in 1st or 2nd year and aged in bottle for 20-25 years
• Late Bottle Vintage: aged in wood, declared in 4th to 6th year and then bottled.
Port Styles
Tawny
• Tawny - a blend of
wood-aged ports
• 10 Yr. Tawny
• 20 Yr. Tawny
• 30 Yr. Tawny
• 40 Yr. Tawny
Declared Top Port Vintages
• 1985 (still available at $85) (3 star)
• 1991 (still available at $150) (4 star)
• 1992 (still available at $200) (4 star)
• 1994 (5 star)
• 1997 (4 star)
• 2000 (5 star)
• 2003 & 2004 (4 star)
• 2005 (5 star)
• 2007 ($85) (5 star)
• 2008 single-quintas Taylor’s (Vargellas)
• 2009
• 2011 (5 Star)
• 2012 (small but ok vintage)
Age-Worthiness of Port
• Vintage ports improve with age
• Best vintages keep for 50 years +
Port and Food
• White Port and Ruby Port are served as an Aperitif.
Port with desserts - chocolate, caramel, berry fruits.
• Vintage Port after dinner by itself or with dried fruits and nuts or a cigar!
• Ruby and Tawny often used in sauces
• Port with cheese course - Stilton or Blue cheeses
Pederna=
Arinto
Name DOC-zones in Algarve from west to East:
Lagos, Portimão, Lagoa and Tavira.
Most planted red grapes in Dao
4
Tinta Roriz
Touriga Nacional
Jaen
Alfrocheiro Preto
The most planted white grape in Dao
Encruzado
“Pisa a Pé”
Foot treading and fermentation in “lagar” (open tanks)
Foot treading and fermentation in “lagar” (open tanks)
Pisa a pe
“Vinho de Talha”
Fermentation in amphoras (clay pots)
Fermentation in amphoras (clay pots)
Vinho de Talha
“Vinho de Curtimenta”
White wine made like a red wine,
with skin contact during fermentation
White wine made like a red wine,
with skin contact during fermentation
Vinho de Curtimenta
How many native grape varieties in Portugal?
250
The place of Portugal in global wine production
11
IG of Vihno Verde
Minho
IG of Tras-os-Montes
Transmontano
IG of Porto e Douro
Duriense
IG of Tavora e Varosa
Terras de Cister
DOCs of Dao
2
Dao
Lafoes
IG of Bairrada
Beira Atlantico
IG of Beira Interior
Terras de Beira
DOC and IG of Tejo
Tejo IG
Dotejo DOC
IG of Alentejo
Alentejano
DOCs of Peninsula de Setubal
2
Palmela
Setubal
DOCs of Madeira
2
Madeira
Madeirense
IG of Madeira
Terras Madeirenses
DOCs of Agores
3
Gracoisa
Biscoitos
Picos
The most planted white grapes of Portugal
4
Alvarinho
Arinto / Pedernã
Fernão Pires / Maria Gomes
Encruzado
Pederna =
Arinto
The most widely planted white variety in
Portugal
Fernão Pires
DOCs of Lisboa
9
Alenquer
Bucelas
Colares
Lourinhã
Arruda
Carcavelos
Óbidos
Torres Vedras
Encostas de Aire
Moscatel de Setúbal cities
Palmela
Montijo
Setúbal
part of the city of Sesimbra
Ageing regulations for Portugal sparkling wines
Reserva: 12 to 24 months
Super Reserva or Extra Reserva: 24 to 36 months
Grande Reserva: Over 36 months
the biggest DOC of Portugal
Vinho Verde
9 sub-regions of Vinho Verde DOC
Monção-Melgaço
Lima
Basto
Cávado
Ave
Amarante
Baião
Sousa
Paiva
3 sub-regions of Tras-os-Montes
Chaves
Valpaços
Planalto Mirandês
First LBV
Taylors
1970 vintage
Pommace distillate in Portugal
Bagaceira
How many grapes are allowed for Vihno Verde DOP?
46
Subzones of Tejo
3
Bairo
Campo
Charneco
Quinta da Agua Alta
Churchill’s
The greatest port ever made
Quinta do Noval Nacional Vintage Port 1963
The oldest porto house
Kopke
1638
Envelhicido em garrafa
LBV wines additionally aged for 3 years in bottle
Vintage Port aging requirements
must be bottled by July 30 of the 3rd year
may be sold from May 1 of the 2nd year
LBV aging requirements
aged in cask for at least 4 years
bottled before December 31 of the 6th year
Colheita
Tawny
from a single vintage
aged in cask for a minimum of 7 years
Minimum sugar content for port wines
17.5 g/l
Extra-Seco
Port
Sugar content
17.5 - 40 g/l
Seco
Port
Sugar content
40 - 65 g/l
Meio Seco
Port
Sugar content
65 - 85 g/l
Doce
Port
Sugar content
85 - 130 g/l
Muito Doce
Port
Sugar content
more than 130 g/l
Port alcohol content
19-22%
Porto Branco Leve Seco
Minimum alcohol content
0.165
Velho port
10-30 years old
Muito velho port
More than 40 years old
Quinta do Vesuvio
Owned by
Symington
Portugal ranks by consumption of wine per capita
1
Garrafeira port
Vintage tawny
After barrel (4-8 years)
Minimum 15 years in glass demijohns
Bical tinto =
Touriga Nacional
Mortagua Preto =
Touriga Nacional
First vintage of Barca Velha
1952
What estate gave the fruit to Barca Velha
Quinta do Vale Meao
Beira Atlantico
Subzone
Terras de Sico
Wiiden vat used for fermentation
Dorna
The only house to produce Porto Garrafeira
Niepoort
Reserva Tawny or Branco
Min aging in oak
6 years
Vintage port should be bottled
July 30 of the 3rd year after harvest
Quinta do Bomfim
Dow’s
Quinta de Terra Feita
Taylor’s
Last classic vintages
6
2000
2003
2007
2011
2016
2017
Acreage of the vineyards in Portugal
182 000
Abafado
Fortified wines
Fortification in the middle of the fermentation
Fortified wines
Fortification in the middle of the fermentation
Abafado
