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Argentina Flashcards

1
Q

Who inspired Argentina with their success?

A

Chile

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2
Q

Where does Argentina rank in wine-producing countries?

A

5th

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3
Q

Which part of Argentina are their vineyards?

A

Mostly confined to western sector, in plains and foothills near Andes

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4
Q

What is the climate of the western part of Argentinas vineyards

A

Continental

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5
Q

Climate of Argentina?

A

• desert
• Andes rain shadow effect
• elevation
• wind

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6
Q

What is the name of the hot afternoon wind that blows down from the mountains in late spring and early summer?

A

Zonda

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7
Q

What climatic thing can effect flowering?

A

Zonda - hot, dusty wind

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8
Q

What provides plenty of water for irrigation?

A

Snowmelt

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9
Q

Why is general lack of humidity good for viticulture?

A

Keeps vineyards free of fungal diseases

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10
Q

Viticultural hazard in spring and summer?

A

Dangerous hail

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11
Q

Where are some of the world m’s highest elevation vines?

A

Salta (3000 meters asl) at Donald Hess’ Colomé estate.

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12
Q

What is the national average elevation for vineyards?

A

900 meters asl

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13
Q

Most important red grapes?

A

• Malbec
• Bonarda
• Cabernet Sauvignon
• Syrah
• Merlot
• Tempranillo

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14
Q

Most important white grapes?

A

• Torrontes
• Chardonnay
• Chenin Blanc

Pedro Giménez is most planted but used for blending/bulk wine

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15
Q

What is the most the most planted white grape in Argentina?

A

Pedro Giménez (not related to Spain’s Pedro Ximénez)

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16
Q

What type of Chardonnay clone is popular throughout the country?

A

The Mendoza Chardonnay clone - developed at the University of California at Davis

Is prone to Millerandage but resulting grapes have a greater skin-to-juice ratio

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17
Q

What kind of pink-skinned varieties are grown in Argentina?

A

• Cereza
• Criolla Chic
• Criolla Grande

These occupy 30% of the nations vineyard acreage.

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18
Q

What grapes is Bonarda the same as?

A

In Savoie - Corbeau
In USA - Charbono

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19
Q

What kind of grapes do winemakers have to use to use the Reserva or Gran Reserva labelling?

A

Premium gates like Malbec and Gewurtztraminer.

Can’t use Cereza or Criolla Chica

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20
Q

What does riserva on a label indicate?

A

• Min. 6 months aging for white wines
• Min. 1 year for reds

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21
Q

What does gran riserva on a label indicate?

A

• Min. 1 year for whites
• Min 2 years again for reds

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22
Q

When were the riserva and gran riserva designations introduced?

A

2008

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23
Q

Where are the winemaking areas of Argentina divided between?

A

• Northwestern provinces
• central Cuyo province
• southern Patagonia province

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24
Q

Which area in Mendoza in?

A

Cuyo

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25
Where does approx. three quarters of the country's wine production occur?
Provence of Mendoza, in Cuyo
26
Is salta north or south of Mendoza?
North
27
What area is gaining a reputation for high-altitude Torrontes?
Salta
28
What is a promising department within Salta?
Cafayete
29
What provinces does Cuyo comprise of?
La Rioja San Juan Mendoza
30
What is San Juan known for?
Brandy and vermouth production. Some Sherry style wine.
31
What is La Rioja's most famous wine region?
Famatina Valley
32
Where is the Uco valley?
Mendoza (western subregion)
33
What sectors is Mendoza divided into?
• Northern • Central (Upper) • Southern • Eastern • Uco valley
34
Where in Mendoza would you find the highest vineyards?
Uco Valley
35
What are the soils like in Mendoza?
Loose, alluvial sand over clay
36
Are vines planted on their own rootstock?
Yes
37
What helps keep Mendoza phylloxera and disease free?
The structure of the soil and the gale-force zones wind
38
What is the climate like in Mendoza?
Dessert like
39
Is irrigation necessary in Mendoza?
Yes!
40
Furrow irrigation?
Traditional form of irrigation. Technique developed by the Incas. The rivers waters, swelled by the Andes snowmelt, is directed through the vineyards in channels
41
Where would you find an appellation for Malbec only?
Department of Luján de Cuyo. One of 2 DOC's. In Central Mendoza
42
Name some great traditional sites for Malbec?
Departments of Luján de Cuyo and Maipú Both in Central Mendoza
43
What are Argentinas only DOC's authorized only for Malbec wines?
• Luján de Cujo • San Rafael
44
What are 2 departments that are known to provide some of the best traditional sites for Malbec?
Luján de Cuyo Maipú (central Mendoza)
45
Name some highly regarded estates?
• Catena • Susana Balbo's Domino Del Plata • Bressia • Achával Ferrer
46
Where might you find Chardonnay and Semillon planted?
Uco Valley - high elevation. Particularly in its Tupungato department
47
What is the principal grape in the southern Mendoza departments of San Rafael and General Alvear?
Chenin Blanc
48
Most northerly wine region?
Jujuy
49
What's an important subregion of salta?
Cafayate (El Arenal Molinos Cafayate)
50
Climate of Patagonia?
Cool, one of most southerly wine regions
51
What are the provinces of Patagonia?
La Pampa Neuquén Río Negro Chubut
52
What is grown in Patagonia?
• Torrentes • Semillon Both good in chalky soils and longer growing season • Malbec • Cabernet Sauvignon • Merlot • Pinot Noir Cool-climate elegant versions
53
Where is Salta?
Very North of Mendoza
54
San Juan?
Province that is close to rivaling Mendoza. Hotter and drier than Mendoza. Moscatel de Alejandria is planted a lot Some Syrah here
55
What country is the fifth largest producer of wine?
Argentina -in 2008 the world's seventh largest exporter of wine
56
Which mountains in Argentina provide the rain shadow effect in the western wine regions of Argentina?
the Andes
57
What is the name of the fierce, dusty, hot afternoon wind that blows down from the mountains in the late spring and early summer, sometimes adversely affecting flowering?
Zonda "viento zonda" - the Zonda wind most commonly starts during the afternoon (between 12 and 6 PM), and tends to last between 1 and 12 hours, though it may present itself intermittently for as long as 2 or 3 days. It is countered usually by the entrance of cold air masses moving northwestward (viento sur). In 90% of the cases, the phenomenon takes place between May and November.
58
What is the plentiful water source for irrigation in the grape growing areas of Argentina?
snowmelt -in those years that the Andes receive heavy winter snowfall.
59
The little moisture that does precipitate in the vineyards often comes in the form of what?
Hail
60
Roughly how many meters above sea level are Argentina's highest vineyards?
3,000 meters above sea level -some of the world's highest vines -located in Salta, at Donald Hess' Colomé estate
61
Who is the most famous producer of high altitude wines in Salta?
Donald Hess' Colomé estate
62
What is the average national elevation for vineyards in Argentina?
Approximately 900 meters above sea level -As Argentinean vineyards are generally situated on the slopes of the Andean foothills and plains
63
In descending order of importance, name Argentina's most important red grapes.
Malbec Bonarda Cabernet Sauvignon Syrah Merlot Tempranillo
64
True or false, Argentina's Bonarda, the country's second most planted grape, is genetically distinct from the Northern Italian grape of the same name?
True -but recent DNA studies have identified it as Savoie's Corbeau—a variety known as Charbono in the United States
65
What is Argentina's Bonarda known as in Savoie and the rest of France?
Corbeau
66
What is Argentina's Bonarda known as in the U.S.?
Charbono
67
What is Argentina's most planted white grape?
Pedro Giménez -a variety unrelated to Spain's Pedro Ximénez, a blending grape often mainly suitable for bulk wines or grape concentrate
68
What is Argentina's second most planted white grape?
Torrontés -followed by Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc
69
Where was the Mendoza Chardonnay clone developed?
University of California at Davis
70
Which pink-skinned varieties occupy nearly 30% of the nation's vineyard acreage?
Cereza Criolla Chica Criolla Grande
71
What does the term "Reserva" mean for white wine in Argentina?
minimum 6 months of aging -designations introduced in 2008 also limit maximum yields
72
What does the term "Gran Reserva" mean for white wine in Argentina?
minimum 1 year of aging -designations introduced in 2008 also limit maximum yields
73
What does the term "Reserva" mean for red wine in Argentina?
minimum 1 year of aging -designations introduced in 2008 also limit maximum yields
74
What does the term "Gran Reserva" mean for red wine in Argentina?
minimum 2 years of aging -designations introduced in 2008 also limit maximum yields
75
The the three general winemaking areas of Argentina.
northwestern provinces central provinces of Cuyo southern provinces of Patagonia -Approximately three-quarters of the country's entire wine production occurs in the province of Mendoza in Cuyo
76
Approximately three-quarters of the country's entire wine production occurs in which province?
the province of Mendoza in Cuyo
77
What is the promising department within Salta that is increasingly appearing on bottles of Torrontés?
Cafayate -Susana Balbo's "Crios" is a widely exported hallmark of the style
78
Name two famous producers of Torrontés.
Susana Balbo's "Crios" (Cafayate) Donald Hess' Colomé estate (Salta)
79
Name some of the prominent producers based in Cafayate.
Susana Balbo Yacochuya Etchart Bodega Jose L Mounier "Finca Las Nubes"
80
Which province is directly south of Salta?
Catamarca -has less prestige but more area under vine, with Torrontés, Syrah, Malbec, and Cabernet Sauvignon leading in acreage
81
Name the 3 provinces within the North wine region of Argentina.
Salta Tucumán Catamarca
82
Name the 3 provinces within the Cuyo wine region of Argentina.
La Rioja San Juan Mendoza
83
Name the 3 provinces within the Patagonia wine region of Argentina.
La Pampa Rio Negro Neuquén
84
What is the northernmost of the three provinces in the Cuyo wine region?
La Rioja -La Rioja's output is dwarfed by the massive production of Mendoza and San Juan to the south
85
What is the most famous wine region in La Rioja province?
Famatina Valley -Torrontés is again the most cultivated grape, followed by Malbec -La Rioja's output is dwarfed by the massive production of Mendoza and San Juan to the south
86
What is Argentina's second-largest wine-producing province?
San Juan -more than 47,000 hectares under vine in the Tulum, Zonda, Ullum, Jáchal, and Fertil Valleys
87
Name the valleys of San Juan 7
Tulum Zonda Ullum Jáchal Calingasta Pedernal Fertil Valleys -Much of this acreage has historically been devoted to Argentina's pink-skinned varieties, although Syrah and Bonarda—sometimes confusingly called Barbera Bonarda—are capturing critical attention. - San Juan's hot summer climate is ideal for grapes destined for brandy and vermouth production, and the region's sherry-style wines are reasonably good in quality.
88
What has San Juan historically been devoted to in terms of winemaking?
Much of this acreage has historically been devoted to Argentina's pink-skinned varieties, although Syrah and Bonarda—sometimes confusingly called Barbera Bonarda—are capturing critical attention. - San Juan's hot summer climate is ideal for grapes destined for brandy and vermouth production, and the region's sherry-style wines are reasonably good in quality.
89
Which sub-region of Mendoza is home to the province's highest vineyards?
Uco Valley
90
Describe the general soil composition of Mendoza?
Soils in the region are generally comprised of loose, alluvial sand over clay, a structure that, when coupled with the gale-force Zonda wind, helps to keep phylloxera and other diseases at bay. -As in Chile, almost all vines in Mendoza are planted on their own rootstock.
91
What is the traditional form of irrigation developed centuries ago by the Incas sometimes used in Argentina?
furrow irrigation -a technique developed centuries ago by the Incas, in which the rivers' water, swelled by Andes snowmelt, is directed through the vineyards in channels -more modern methods of drip irrigation are more common
92
What is the most planted grape in Mendoza?
Malbec
93
What are the two departments in central Mendoza that are most well known for growing Malbec?
Luján de Cuyo Maipú -provide some of the best traditional sites for the grape
94
Name some highly regarded estates in Mendoza for making wine.
Catena Susana Balbo's Dominio del Plata Bressia Achával Ferrer
95
Who became the first female enologist in the history of Argentine winemaking?
Susana Balbo -After twenty years of working as a consultant winemaker both in Argentina and around the world, Susana Balbo decided to open her own winery. In 1999, Susana rented a small winery and began her first batches of wine.
96
Where in Mendoza is most of the high quality Chardonnay and Sémillon produced?
Uco Valley -cultivated with success in the high elevation vineyards of Uco Valley and its Tupungato department
97
Chenin Blanc is the principal grape in what area of Mendoza?
The Southern Mendoza departments of San Rafael and General Alvear, although the region is not known for fine wines.
98
What type of soils are found in the Patagonian wine regions?
chalky soils
99
Which white grapes perform well in the Patagonian wine regions?
Torrontés Sémillon
100
Who purchased the first of Bodega Chacra's vineyards?
Piero Incisa della Rocchetta -spearheaded by the family behind Tuscany's Sassicaia, rapidly emerged as Patagonia's most famous estate in the mid-2000s, selling super-premium Río Negro Pinot Noir -In the 1920s the Marchese Mario Incisa della Rocchetta dreamt of creating a 'thoroughbred' wine which eventually culminated in the creation of Sassicaia from from Tenuta San Guido
101
What is the connection between Bodega Chacra and Tenuta San Guido?
Bodega Chacra's vineyards were spearheaded by the family behind Tuscany's Sassicaia. Piero Incisa della Rocchetta - purchased the first of Bodega Chacra's vineyards Marchese Mario Incisa della Rocchetta - Made the first Sassicaia
102
What is the most famous producer in Patagonia that is winning acclaim for Malbec?
Bodega Noemía de Patagonia
103
What are the major Regions of Argentina?
Northern, Cuyo, and Patagonia
104
What are the 4 I.G. of the Norther Region of Argentina?
Jujuy Salta Tucuman Catamarca
105
Name the most important subregion of each of the 4 I.G.'s in the Northrn region of Argentina.
Salta- Cafayete, Molinos (colome) Catamarca- Tinogasta Jujuy- None Tucuman- Tafi
106
Name the I.G. and 3 sub-regions in Argentina's Center region. X T L
Cordoba: Colon Cruz de Eje San Javier
107
Name the 3 I.G.'s of Cuyo.
La Rioja San Juan Mendoza
108
What are the 5 major areas within the Mendoza I.G.?
Northern Central Eastern Valle de Uco Southern Mendoza
109
What are the 3 regions within Northern Mendoza?
Lavalle Guaymallen Las Heras
110
What are the 3 regions within Central Mendoza?
Godoy Cruz Lujan de Cuyo Maipu
111
5 sub-regions of Lujan de Cuyo?
Agrelo Las Compuertas Perdriel Vistalba Ugarteche
112
What are the sub and sub sub-regions of Maipu?
Barrancas (El Paraiso) Lunlunta Russel
113
5 regions within Eastern Mendoza?
La Paz Santa Rosa Junin Rivadavia San Martin
114
3 regions within the Valle de Uco?
Tupangato Tunuyan San Carlos.
115
What are the sub and sub sub of San Carlos?
La Consulta Paraje Altamira
116
What are the regions of Souern Mendoza?
General Alvear & San Rafeal
117
What are the 3 main subs of La Rioja?
Chilecito Famatina Felipe Varela
118
What is the multi-department IG of San Juan?
Valle de Tulum
119
What are the major Subs of San Juan
Tulum, Fertil, Jachal, Pedernal, Zonda, Calingasta
120
What are the three subs of Patagonia?
La Pampa, Neuquen, and Rio Negro
121
What is the most important sub of La Pampa?
25 de Mayo
122
Name two subs of Neuquen.
Añelo Confluencia
123
What is the most important sub of Rio Negro?
General Roca
124
Aging Requirements "Reserva" Argentina
White: 6 months Red: 12 months
125
Aging Requirements "Gran Reserva" Argentina
White: 12 months Red: 24 months
126
Who brings winemaking to the new world? When?
Spanish Conquistadores 16th ce.
127
Describe 17th ce. ban on production in S. America. What brings an end to it?
Prohibitive Spanish law restricts wine production in favor of Iberian producers (unrelated to church). Independence in 1800's
128
What two major factors bring rapid expansion of viticulture to Argentina?
European immigration New RR system
129
Claudio Gay
Frenchman who sets up repository of pre-phylloxera VV vines in Chile.
130
Mission grape synonyms: Canary Islands Chile Argentina
Canary Islands: Listan Priéto Chile: País Argentina: Criolla Chica
131
Name the 2 pink-skinned varieties of S. America
Cereza Criolla Grande
132
Name the 3 Torrontes grapes
Torrontes Riojano: Criolla Chica x Muscat of A. Torrontes Mendocino: Muscat x ? Torrontes Sanjuanino: Criolla Chica x Muscat of A *may all be labeled as Torrontes
133
Torrontes Riojano is a crossing of what 2 grapes?
Criolla Chica x Muscat of Alex.
134
Top 4 grapes of Argentina
Malbec Torrontes Riojano Torrontes Mendocino Torrontes Sanjuanino
135
Argentina is the ___ largest wine-producing country in world
5th
136
Argentina is the ___ largest exporter in world
7th
137
The most important WM country in S. America
Argentina
138
Vines in Argentina are on the ___ part of country
Western
139
Argentina climate
Dry Continental
140
Major climatic influences of Argentina
Rain Shadow Effect (Andes) Zonda: hot dusty wind that blows down from mountains in late spring/early summer High Elevations
141
Zonda
(Argentina) Hot dusty wind that blows down from mountains late spring/early summer; affects flowering.
142
Bonarda is called what in Savoie and USA?
Corbeau (Savoie) Charbono (USA) *not related to Italian Bonarda
143
Pedro Giménez
Most-planted white grape in Argentina Not related to Pedro Ximinez
144
Most-planted white grape of Argentina
Pedro Giménez
145
Reserva vs. Gran Reserva
Argentina Reserva W: 6 mo aging Reserva R: 12 mo aging Gran Reserva W: 12 mo aging Gran Reserva R: 24 mo aging *also limits max. yields *only for premium wine grapes (no Criolla Chica/Cereza)
146
N-most region of Argentina
Salta
147
Salta sub-regions
El Arenal Molinos Cafayate
148
Cafayate climate & grapes
(Argentina - Salta) Cool mountain climate Torrontés
149
3 Cafayate producers
(Argentina - Salta) Susana Balbo "Crios" Etchart Yacochuya (Etchart)
150
Catamarca Grapes
(Argentina - Salta) Torrontés Syrah Malbec CS
151
Cuyo Subregions
(Argentina) La Rioja San Juan Mendoza
152
Mendoza Subregions
(Argentina - Cuyo) N. Mendoza Eastern Mendoza S. Mendoza Uco Valley (W) Central Mendoza
153
La Rioja Subregion
(Argentina - Cuyo) Famatina Valley
154
La Rioja Grapes
(Argentina - Cuyo) Torrontés Malbec
155
Famatina Valley IG
(Argentina - Cuyo) La Rioja Subregion
156
5 San Juan IG Subregion
(Argentina - Cuyo) 5: Tulum Zonda Ullum Jáchal Fertil Valley
157
San Juan IG Climate
(Argentina - Cuyo) Hot!
158
San Juan IG Wine Styles
Brandy, Vermouth, Sherry
159
San Juan IG Grapes
(Argentina - Cuyo) Pink-skinned varieties Syrah Bonarda
160
What is Bonarda called in San Juan?
(Argentina - Cuyo) Barbera Bonarda
161
Mendoza IG Climate
(Argentina - Cuyo) Desert-like -> irrigation necessary
162
Where is Mendoza located?
(Argentina) Cuyo
163
Furrow vs. Drip Irrigation
(Argentina) Furrow Irrigation: Developed by Incas Chanels direct river water (incl. snowmelt from Andes) through vineyards
164
Mendoza IG Grapes
(Argentina - Cuyo) > 50% Red: Malbec Cab Sauv Chardonnay Sémillon Chenin Blanc *Pink Skinned grapes account for 1/4 production (bulk wine/grape concentration)
165
5 Mendoza Producers
(Argentina - Cuyo) Achàval Ferrer (single-vineyard Malbec) Cheval des Andes Catena Dominio del Plata (Susana Balbo) Bressia
166
Cheval des Andes
Mendoza JV between Ch. Cheval Blanc & Terrazes de los Andes
167
Central Mendoza Subregions
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Lujan de Cuyo IG/DOC Maipù IG
168
What is the only DOC for Malbec in Argentina?
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza - Central Mendoza) Lujan de Cuyo DOC
169
Lujan de Cuyo
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Central Mendoza Subregion *only DOC for Malbec
170
Lujan de Cuyo Producers
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza - Central Mendoza) Catena Dominio del Plata (Susana Balbo) Bressia Achával Ferrer
171
Maipù IG
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Central Mendoza Subregion
172
Uco Valley IG Grapes
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Chardonnay & Semillon *do well in high-altitude vineyards
173
Where is the Uco Valley IG located?
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Western part of Mendoza
174
Uco Valley IG vineyards are characterized by what?
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) High altitude
175
Uco Valley Subregions
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Tupungato IG
176
Tupungato IG
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Uco Valley Subregion
177
Southern Mendoza Grapes
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Chenin Blanc
178
Where does Chenin Blanc do best in Argentina?
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Southern Mendoza
179
Southern Mendoza Subregions
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza - S. Mendoza) San Rafael DOC General Alvear IG
180
San Rafael IG/DOC
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza - S. Mendoza) Chenin Blanc *not known for fine wine
181
Only producer to use San Rafael DOC
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza - S. Mendoza) Valentin Bianchi
182
Valentin Bianchi
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza - S. Mendoza) Only producer to use San Rafael DOC
183
Argentina's 2 DOC's
Lujan de Cuyo DOC (Cuyo - Mendoza - Central Mendoza) San Rafael DOC (Cuyo - Mendoza - S. Mendoza)
184
General Alvear IG
(Argentina - Cuyo - Mendoza) Southern Mendoza Subregion
185
Patagonia IG Climate & Soil
(Argentina) Cool Climate (longer growing season) Chalky
186
Patagonia IG Grapes
(Argentina) Torrontés Sémillon Malbec Cab Sauv MErtlo Pinot Noir
187
Patagonia IG Subregions
(Argentina) Rio Negro Neuquén La Pampa
188
Rio Negro
(Argentina) Patagonia Subregion
189
La Pampa
(Argentina) Patagonia Subregion
190
Neuquén
(Argentina) Patagonia Subregion
191
Patagonia Producers
(Argentina) Bodega Noemía di Patagonia (Malbec) Bodegas Chacra (Rio Negro PN)
192
Bodegas Chacra
(Argentina) Rio Negro Producer PN *Sassicaia Fam
193
What other countries in SA produce wine? (aside from Chile/Argentina)
Brazil Uruguay Paraguay Peru Bolivia Ecuador
194
Where is wine produced in Brazil?
Southern part of country
195
Brazil produces what wine styles?
Mostly red 1/4 sparkling
196
Brazil Grapes
International Iberian: Aragonez & Touriga Nacional
197
Brazil: major region of production
Rio Grande do Sul (S)
198
Brazil: 5 major regions of production
Rio Grande do Sul (S) Sao Joaquim (S) Serra do Sudeste (S) Campanha (S) Sao Francisco Valley (N)
199
Which region in Brazil has 2 harvests/year?
Sao Francisco Valley (N) Tropical!
200
90% of Brazil's wine is produced in what region?
(Rio Grande do Sul) Serra Gaúcha
201
Serra Gaucha Subregion
(Rio Grande do Sul) Vale dos Vinhedos *1st Origin Indication
202
Brazil's 1st Origin Indication
(Rio Grande do Sul - Serra Gaucha) Vale dos Vinhedos
203
4th largest producer in SA
Uruguay
204
Major Grape of Uruguay
Tannat
205
What is Tannat called in Uruguay
Harriague *named after Frenchman who brought it
206
What is chacra?
is the local word for a square farm divided into four equal squares by canals.
207
What is the minimum percentage required to label a grape or region in Argentina?
0.8
208
Which of Torrontés grapes is considered the highest quality?
Torrontés Riojano
209
Nicolás by Catena Zapata is a blend of Malbec and what other grape?
Cabernet Sauvignon
210
Which region is closest to Buenos Aires?
La Pampa
211
In what century was the Quinta Normal founded?
19th century
212
Los Aromos
vineyard of Terrazas de los Andes, planted to Cabernet Sauvignon
213
Las Compuertas
vineyard of Terrazas de los Andes, planted to Malbec
214
The owner of Terrazas de los Andes
Chandon Argentina 1992
215
Parral vine training system
Pergola
216
Which river flows through San Juan?
Río Desaguadero
217
What is the grape parentage of Malbec
Prunelard x Magdeleine Noire des Charentes
218
the first in Argentina to be awarded five stars from Decanter Magazine
Finca Altamira Achaval Ferrer
219
3 "fincas" of Achaval Ferrer
Finca Bella Vista Finca Mirador Finca Altamira
220
Who is the producer of "Estrella?"
Weinert

Important (32 decks)

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