Hungary Flashcards
WHAT WAS FIRST REGION IN THE WORLD WHERE THE FIRST SYSTEM FOR RANKING WINE ON THE BASIS OF QUALITY?
TOKAJ-HEGYALJA (TOKE-EYE-HEDGE-AL-YA)
WHATS THE FAMOUS DESSERT WINE OF HUNGARY?
TOKAJI ASZU (TOKE-EYE AH-SOO)
WHAT MAJOR RIVER DIVIDES HUNGARY?
DANUBE
WHAT ARE THE SEVEN IMPORTANT WINE REGIONS?
- TOKAJI HEGYALJA
- BADACSONY
- SOMLO
- SZEKSZARD
- VILLANY-SIKLOS
- EGER
- MATRA
ONE OF THE LARGEST LAKES IS LOCATED IN HUNGARY, WHAT IS IT?
LAKE BALATON
WHAT ARE THE WINE REGIONS OF TRANSDANUBIA?
4
SOMLO
BADASCONY
SZEKSZARD
VILLANY-SIKLOS
FAMOUS WHITES OF HUNGARY?
CHARDONNAY
SAUVIGNON BLANC
CESERSZEGI fUSZERES- MEANS SPICY
FURMINT
HARSLEVELU
IRSAI OLIVER,
KIRALYLEANYKA
OLAZ RIZLING
OTTONEL MUSKOTALY (MUSCAT OTTONEL)
SARGA ,USKOTALY (YELLOW MUSCAT)
SZURKEBARAT (PINOT GRIS)
TRAMINI (GEWURZTRAMINER)
MAJOR RED GRAPES OF HUNGARY
KEKFRANKOS (BLAUFRANKISCH)
KEKOPORTO
ZWEIGELT
WHATS THE MOUNTAIN RANGE OF NORTHERN HUNGARY?
CARPATHIAN MT RANGE
SWEETNESS OF TOKAJI IS MEASURED IN WHAT?
PUTTONYOS
THE TOKAJ REGION IS KNOWN FOR DRY AND SWEET WINE BUT MOSTLY KNOWN FOR WHAT WINE?
TOKAJI AZU
WHAT RIVER LIES SOUTH OF TOJAKI-HEGYALJA?
BODROG RIVER
WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN WHITE GRAPES USED IN TOKAJI?
FURMINT-60% acidic, thick skinned,
HARSLEVELU-“LINDEN LEAF”
SARGA MUSKOTALY-MUSCAT BLANC A PETITS GRAINS
WHATS THE PROCESS IN MAKING TOKAJI ASZU?
- THE SHRIVELED GRAPES ARE PICKED BY HAND
- GRAPES ARE THEN BROUGHT TO THE WINERY, WHERE THEY ARE CRUSHED INTO A PASTE
- PASTE IS ADDED IN VARIOUS PROPORTIONS TO THE BASE WINE OF THE SAME YEAR.
- THE PROPORTIONS OF ASZU ADDED ARE MEASURED IN PUTTONYOS
THE RATIO OF PUTTONYOS TO BASE WINE IN EACH BARREL DETERMINED THE SWEETNESS OF THE WINE
t
BARRELS USED TO FERMENT TOKAJI ARE CALLED WHAT?
GONCI
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SWEETNESS
-3 PUTONYOS
-4 PUTONYOS
-5 PUTONYOS
-6 PUTONYOS
-TOKAJI ASZU ESSZENCIA
-TOKAJI ESSZENCIA
THE NUMBER OF PUTONYOS IS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF RESIDUAL SUGAR THE WINE CONTAINS RATHER THAN BASKET.
t
ASZU PASTE WILL STEEP IN THE BASE WINE FOR AS LITTLE AS EIGHT HOURS OR AS LONG AS THREE DAYS.
t
WHATS THE LAW FOR AGING TOKAJI?
AT LEAST 3 YEARS IN OAK BARRELS AND IN BOTTLE BEFORE BEING SOLD.
WHAT ARE THE TWO OTHER CATEGORIES OF RARE TOKAJI ASZUS?
TOKAJI ASZU ESSENCIA
TOKAJI ESSZENCIA
FIRST CLASS AND SECOND CLASS CLASSIFICATIONS WERE CALLED
1ST-PRIMAE CLASSIS
2ND-SECUNDE CLASSIS
TWO VINEYARDS CSARFAS AND MEZES MALY WERE GIVEN THE DESIGNATION CALLED WHAT?
PRO MENSA CAESARIS PRIMUS (CHOSEN FOR THE ROYAL TABLE)
IN 1995, THE TOP PRODUCERS OF TOKAJI FORMED AN ASSOCIATION CALLED WHAT?
TOKAJ RENAISSANCE
ANOTHER TYPE OF WINE MADE IN TOKAJ REGION IS WHAT?
SZAMORODNI-“AS IT IS GROWN”-MUST BE AGED TWO YEARS IN THE BARREL.
BEST PRODUCERS OF TOKAJ ASZU?
-ALANA-TOKAJ
-CHATEAU PAJZOS
-DISZNOKO
-DOBOGO
-HETSDO
-ISTVAN SZEPSY
-OREMUS
-ROYAL TOKAJI WINE COMPANY
New appellation in Hungary since 2019
Monor/Monori
Monor / Monori
peuvent être blancs, rosés ou rouges.
Ils sont issus de différents cépages de variétés internationales et traditionnelles hongroises, tels que le Cabernet franc, le Kékfrankos, leChardonnayou le Hárslevelű, tous cultivés autour de la ville de Monor dans le centre du pays.
Hungarian for PDO
Oltalam Alatt Allo Eredetmegjeloles
Hungarian for PGI
Oltalam Alatt Allo Foldrajzi Jelzes
Hungarian PDO Wines Categories
Minosegi Bor - “Quality Wine”
Vedett Eredetu Bor - “Special Quality Wine”
Hungarian PGI Wines
Tajbor
Hungarian Climate
Continental climate
short, cold winters
long, warm summers and autumns
can ripen Cabernet Sauvignon
Some areas develop noble rot
Furmint
Varietal that makes concentrated high acid whites
Premium dry whites
principal grape in Tokaji
Harslevelu
“Linden Leaf”
Late ripening and prone to Botrytis
Used in Tokaji
Sarga Muscotaly
=Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains
Aromatic, orange blossom
Third important grape for Tokaji
Olasz Rizling
=Welschriesling
Light, crisp, bitter almonds
Commonly grown
Irsai Oliver
Native Crossing
aromatic wines similar to Muscat or Gewurztraminer
Kekfrankos
=Blaufrankish
Part of Egri Bikaver (Bull’s Blood of Eger) blend
Light, Peppery, High Acidity
Kadarka
Prone to Grey Rot
Needs low yields and great site to ripen
Used to comprise Egri Bikaver (Bull’s Blood of Eger) blend with Kekfrankos but has since been replaced by Cab Sauv.
Zwiegelt
Austrian cross between Kekfrankos (Blaufrankish) and St. Laurent
Widely planted, high yields
International varietals used in Hungary
Pinot Gris, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc
How many vineyard areas are in Hungary
22
The Great Plains
southern vineyards
over half of Hungary’s vineyards
Largest lake in Europe
Lake Balaton - has significant moderating influence
Describe Tokaji region
foothills of Carpathian Mountains
Eastern border near Slovakia
warm sloping vineyards
early morning humidity from Bodrog and Tisza rivers
Tokaji Rivers
Bodrog
Tisza
Categories for harvest in Tokaji
- Azsu (Rotten) - individual grapes
- Szamorodni (As it comes) bunches with some Botrytis
- Grapes unaffected by Botrytis
Tokaji Szamorodni
Can be made dry (szaraz) or sweet (edes)
Even dry wines will show botrytis characted
1 year in cask, 2 years aging before release
Dry wines aged like fino sherry, with flor-like yeast
Edes
Sweet
Szaraz
Dry
Tokaji Azsu
Starts with healthy base wine
Azsu grapes macerated in base wine for up to 36 hours
After pressing, wines matured at least 3 years, 2 in oak
Puttony
unit used to express the level of sweetness
Puttonyos scale
3 puttonyos - 60 grams/liter
4 puttonyos - 90 grams/liter
5 puttonyos - 120 grams/liter
6 puttonyos - 150 grams/liter
Name that wine:
deep amber, with high acidity and intense aromas, and flavors of orange marmalade, apricots and honey. Hints of rye bread, smoke, coffee, caramel.
Tokaji
Azsu Essencia
Sweetest wine in the Aszu category
very rare, very expensive
Min 180 g/L RS
Only made in best years from best vineyards
Tokaji Essencia
Very rare outside of the region
Made using only the free-run juice of Azsu grapes
Takes years to ferment, usually less than 5% Alc
minimum residual sugar is 450 grams/liter
How many total PDO regions exist in Hungary?
31
How many PGI regions exist in Hungary?
5
What are the three major geographical zones of production in Hungary?
North Hungary, the western region of Transdanubia, and the southern Great Plain
North Hungary includes which two regions?
Tokaj and Eger
What wine is the region of Eger famous for?
Egri Bikavér—the “Bull’s Blood of Eger”
Egri Bikavér was historically dominated by what grape?
Kadarka
Today, Egri Bikavér is a blend of which grapes?
Kadarka, Kékfrankos (Blaufränkisch), and other Hungarian and international grapes
Which regions are permitted to use “Bikavér” on labels?
Eger and Szekszárd in Transdanubia
In which region is Badacsony located?
Transdanubia
In which region is Balatonfüred-Csopak located?
Transdanubia
What is Europe’s largest lake?
Lake Balaton
Where is Lake Balaton located?
Transdanubia, in Hungary
Where is Somló?
Transdanubia
Villány lies along the border with which country?
Lies along the Hungarian border with Croatia
What is Hungary’s hottest region?
Villány
What are the main grapes of Villány?
Bordeaux varieties, Kékfrankos, and Kékoportó (Blauer Portugieser)
With which country is Sopron contiguous?
Austria (Burgenland)
What grape is most associated with Sopron?
Kékfrankos
What major region contains a majority of Hungary’s acreage under vine?
The Great Plain
What is Hungary’s largest sub-region?
Kunság
In which region is Kunság located?
The Great Plain
Where in Hungary is the Tokaj region located?
North eastern corner
When were Tokaj’s vineyard’s classified?
In 1700
Delimited 28 villages in the region
(Some sources date classification to 1730 and final legal recognition in 1772)
Aszú grapes?
Fundamental component of the best Tokaj wines.
Originally signified desiccated grapes - evolved to indicate grapes of high sugar levels afflicted with Botrytis Cinerea (noble rot)
When has Aszú appeared in works?
As early as 1571
(Predates botrytised German wines and probably Sauternes)
What stopped Tokaj from producing quality wine in 20th century?
Iron curtain
What shelters the Tokaj region?
Carpathian mountains