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Important > Hungary > Flashcards

Hungary Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT WAS FIRST REGION IN THE WORLD WHERE THE FIRST SYSTEM FOR RANKING WINE ON THE BASIS OF QUALITY?

A

TOKAJ-HEGYALJA (TOKE-EYE-HEDGE-AL-YA)

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2
Q

WHAT MAJOR RIVER DIVIDES HUNGARY?

A

DANUBE

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE SEVEN IMPORTANT WINE REGIONS?

A
  1. TOKAJI HEGYALJA
  2. BADACSONY
  3. SOMLO
  4. SZEKSZARD
  5. VILLANY-SIKLOS
  6. EGER
  7. MATRA
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4
Q

ONE OF THE LARGEST LAKES IS LOCATED IN HUNGARY, WHAT IS IT?

A

LAKE BALATON

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5
Q

WHAT ARE THE WINE REGIONS OF TRANSDANUBIA?
4

A

SOMLO
BADASCONY
SZEKSZARD
VILLANY-SIKLOS

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6
Q

MAJOR RED GRAPES OF HUNGARY

A

KEKFRANKOS (BLAUFRANKISCH)
KEKOPORTO
ZWEIGELT

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7
Q

WHATS THE MOUNTAIN RANGE OF NORTHERN HUNGARY?

A

CARPATHIAN MT RANGE

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8
Q

SWEETNESS OF TOKAJI IS MEASURED IN WHAT?

A

PUTTONYOS

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9
Q

WHAT RIVER LIES SOUTH OF TOJAKI-HEGYALJA?

A

BODROG RIVER

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10
Q

WHATS THE PROCESS IN MAKING TOKAJI ASZU?

A
  1. THE SHRIVELED GRAPES ARE PICKED BY HAND
  2. GRAPES ARE THEN BROUGHT TO THE WINERY, WHERE THEY ARE CRUSHED INTO A PASTE
  3. PASTE IS ADDED IN VARIOUS PROPORTIONS TO THE BASE WINE OF THE SAME YEAR.
  4. THE PROPORTIONS OF ASZU ADDED ARE MEASURED IN PUTTONYOS
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11
Q

THE RATIO OF PUTTONYOS TO BASE WINE IN EACH BARREL DETERMINED THE SWEETNESS OF THE WINE

A

t

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12
Q

BARRELS USED TO FERMENT TOKAJI ARE CALLED WHAT?

A

GONCI

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13
Q

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SWEETNESS

A

-3 PUTONYOS
-4 PUTONYOS
-5 PUTONYOS
-6 PUTONYOS
-TOKAJI ASZU ESSZENCIA
-TOKAJI ESSZENCIA

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14
Q

THE NUMBER OF PUTONYOS IS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF RESIDUAL SUGAR THE WINE CONTAINS RATHER THAN BASKET.

A

t

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15
Q

ASZU PASTE WILL STEEP IN THE BASE WINE FOR AS LITTLE AS EIGHT HOURS OR AS LONG AS THREE DAYS.

A

t

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16
Q

WHATS THE LAW FOR AGING TOKAJI?

A

AT LEAST 3 YEARS IN OAK BARRELS AND IN BOTTLE BEFORE BEING SOLD.

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17
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO OTHER CATEGORIES OF RARE TOKAJI ASZUS?

A

TOKAJI ASZU ESSENCIA

TOKAJI ESSZENCIA

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18
Q

FIRST CLASS AND SECOND CLASS CLASSIFICATIONS WERE CALLED

A

1ST-PRIMAE CLASSIS

2ND-SECUNDE CLASSIS

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19
Q

TWO VINEYARDS CSARFAS AND MEZES MALY WERE GIVEN THE DESIGNATION CALLED WHAT?

A

PRO MENSA CAESARIS PRIMUS (CHOSEN FOR THE ROYAL TABLE)

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20
Q

IN 1995, THE TOP PRODUCERS OF TOKAJI FORMED AN ASSOCIATION CALLED WHAT?

A

TOKAJ RENAISSANCE

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21
Q

ANOTHER TYPE OF WINE MADE IN TOKAJ REGION IS WHAT?

A

SZAMORODNI-“AS IT IS GROWN”-MUST BE AGED TWO YEARS IN THE BARREL.

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22
Q

BEST PRODUCERS OF TOKAJ ASZU?

A

-ALANA-TOKAJ
-CHATEAU PAJZOS
-DISZNOKO
-DOBOGO
-HETSDO
-ISTVAN SZEPSY
-OREMUS
-ROYAL TOKAJI WINE COMPANY

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23
Q

New appellation in Hungary since 2019

A

Monor/Monori

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24
Q

Monor / Monori

A

peuvent être blancs, rosés ou rouges.
Ils sont issus de différents cépages de variétés internationales et traditionnelles hongroises, tels que le Cabernet franc, le Kékfrankos, leChardonnayou le Hárslevelű, tous cultivés autour de la ville de Monor dans le centre du pays.

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25
Q

Hungarian for PDO

A

Oltalam Alatt Allo Eredetmegjeloles

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26
Q

Hungarian for PGI

A

Oltalam Alatt Allo Foldrajzi Jelzes

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27
Q

Hungarian PDO Wines Categories

A

Minosegi Bor - “Quality Wine”
Vedett Eredetu Bor - “Special Quality Wine”

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28
Q

Hungarian PGI Wines

A

Tajbor

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29
Q

Hungarian Climate

A

Continental climate
short, cold winters
long, warm summers and autumns
can ripen Cabernet Sauvignon
Some areas develop noble rot

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30
Q

Furmint

A

Varietal that makes concentrated high acid whites
Premium dry whites
principal grape in Tokaji

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31
Q

Harslevelu

A

“Linden Leaf”
Late ripening and prone to Botrytis
Used in Tokaji

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32
Q

Sarga Muscotaly

A

=Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains
Aromatic, orange blossom
Third important grape for Tokaji

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33
Q

Olasz Rizling

A

=Welschriesling
Light, crisp, bitter almonds
Commonly grown

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34
Q

Irsai Oliver

A

Native Crossing
aromatic wines similar to Muscat or Gewurztraminer

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35
Q

Kekfrankos

A

=Blaufrankish
Part of Egri Bikaver (Bull’s Blood of Eger) blend
Light, Peppery, High Acidity

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36
Q

Kadarka

A

Prone to Grey Rot
Needs low yields and great site to ripen
Used to comprise Egri Bikaver (Bull’s Blood of Eger) blend with Kekfrankos but has since been replaced by Cab Sauv.

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37
Q

Zwiegelt

A

Austrian cross between Kekfrankos (Blaufrankish) and St. Laurent
Widely planted, high yields

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38
Q

International varietals used in Hungary

A

Pinot Gris, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc

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39
Q

How many vineyard areas are in Hungary

A

22

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40
Q

The Great Plains

A

southern vineyards
over half of Hungary’s vineyards

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41
Q

Largest lake in Europe

A

Lake Balaton - has significant moderating influence

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42
Q

Describe Tokaji region

A

foothills of Carpathian Mountains
Eastern border near Slovakia
warm sloping vineyards
early morning humidity from Bodrog and Tisza rivers

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43
Q

Tokaji Rivers

A

Bodrog
Tisza

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44
Q

Categories for harvest in Tokaji

A
  1. Azsu (Rotten) - individual grapes
  2. Szamorodni (As it comes) bunches with some Botrytis
  3. Grapes unaffected by Botrytis
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45
Q

Tokaji Szamorodni

A

Can be made dry (szaraz) or sweet (edes)
Even dry wines will show botrytis characted
1 year in cask, 2 years aging before release
Dry wines aged like fino sherry, with flor-like yeast

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46
Q

Edes

A

Sweet

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47
Q

Szaraz

A

Dry

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48
Q

Tokaji Azsu

A

Starts with healthy base wine
Azsu grapes macerated in base wine for up to 36 hours
After pressing, wines matured at least 3 years, 2 in oak

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49
Q

Puttony

A

unit used to express the level of sweetness

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50
Q

Puttonyos scale

A

3 puttonyos - 60 grams/liter
4 puttonyos - 90 grams/liter
5 puttonyos - 120 grams/liter
6 puttonyos - 150 grams/liter

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51
Q

Name that wine:
deep amber, with high acidity and intense aromas, and flavors of orange marmalade, apricots and honey. Hints of rye bread, smoke, coffee, caramel.

A

Tokaji

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52
Q

Azsu Essencia

A

Sweetest wine in the Aszu category
very rare, very expensive
Min 180 g/L RS
Only made in best years from best vineyards

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53
Q

Tokaji Essencia

A

Very rare outside of the region
Made using only the free-run juice of Azsu grapes
Takes years to ferment, usually less than 5% Alc
minimum residual sugar is 450 grams/liter

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54
Q

How many total PDO regions exist in Hungary?

A

31

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55
Q

How many PGI regions exist in Hungary?

A

6

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56
Q

What are the three major geographical zones of production in Hungary?

A

North Hungary, the western region of Transdanubia, and the southern Great Plain

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57
Q

North Hungary includes which two regions?

A

Tokaj and Eger

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58
Q

What wine is the region of Eger famous for?

A

Egri Bikavér—the “Bull’s Blood of Eger”

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59
Q

Egri Bikavér was historically dominated by what grape?

A

Kadarka

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60
Q

Today, Egri Bikavér is a blend of which grapes?

A

Kadarka, Kékfrankos (Blaufränkisch), and other Hungarian and international grapes

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61
Q

Which regions are permitted to use “Bikavér” on labels?

A

Eger and Szekszárd in Transdanubia

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62
Q

In which region is Badacsony located?

A

Transdanubia

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63
Q

In which region is Balatonfüred-Csopak located?

A

Transdanubia

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64
Q

What is Europe’s largest lake?

A

Lake Balaton

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65
Q

Where is Lake Balaton located?

A

Transdanubia, in Hungary

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66
Q

Where is Somló?

A

Transdanubia

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67
Q

Villány lies along the border with which country?

A

Lies along the Hungarian border with Croatia

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68
Q

What is Hungary’s hottest region?

A

Villány

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69
Q

What are the main grapes of Villány?

A

Bordeaux varieties, Kékfrankos, and Kékoportó (Blauer Portugieser)

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70
Q

With which country is Sopron contiguous?

A

Austria (Burgenland)

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71
Q

What grape is most associated with Sopron?

A

Kékfrankos

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72
Q

What major region contains a majority of Hungary’s acreage under vine?

A

The Great Plain

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73
Q

What is Hungary’s largest sub-region?

A

Kunság

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74
Q

In which region is Kunság located?

A

The Great Plain

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75
Q

Where in Hungary is the Tokaj region located?

A

North eastern corner

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76
Q

When were Tokaj’s vineyard’s classified?

A

In 1700

Delimited 28 villages in the region

(Some sources date classification to 1730 and final legal recognition in 1772)

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77
Q

Aszú grapes?

A

Fundamental component of the best Tokaj wines.

Originally signified desiccated grapes - evolved to indicate grapes of high sugar levels afflicted with Botrytis Cinerea (noble rot)

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78
Q

When has Aszú appeared in works?

A

As early as 1571
(Predates botrytised German wines and probably Sauternes)

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79
Q

What stopped Tokaj from producing quality wine in 20th century?

A

Iron curtain

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80
Q

What shelters the Tokaj region?

A

Carpathian mountains

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81
Q

Climate of Tokaj?

A

Warm continental climate with long, humid autumns (perfect for botrytis)

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82
Q

Soils of Tokaj?

A

Volcanic loess and clay

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83
Q

Who first delisted the Tokaj region?

A

Prince Rákoczy

84
Q

How were the vineyards of Tokaj classified?

A

Into 1st, 2nd and 3rd growths

Remains relevant today through Tokaj Renaissance (producers association devoted to the protection of the concept)

85
Q

How many vineyards are classified as 1st growth?

86
Q

Great 1st growth?

A

Superlative designation - just 2
• Szarvas
• Mézes Mály

87
Q

What are the principal grapes of the Tokaj region?

A

• Furmint
• Hárslevelu

88
Q

Which of the principal grapes in considered key to Tokaj Aszú?

A

Furmint - particularly susceptible to botrytis and high in acidity

89
Q

Puttony?

A

Containers which the grapes are gathered into (holds 25kg)

90
Q

Esszencia

A

A part of syrupy free-run juice that comes out of the Aszú must - vinified desperately.

91
Q

Production method of Tokaj Aszú?

A

• Hand harvested grapes
• Aszú trampled into paste, or dough
• number of puttony containing Aszú paste is mixed with gönci barrels of must or base wine from non-Aszú grapes.

92
Q

Gönc?

A

Hungarian oak cask of approximately 136L

93
Q

What determines the sweetness of the Takj Aszú?

A

The number of puttony added to a gönc

94
Q

How was Tokaj labeled before revisions in the law?

A

Was labeled with 3 - 6 puttonyos to indicate sweetness

95
Q

How is Tokaj labeled now?

A

Law change for 2013 harvest
Modern Tokay Aszú is simply labeled “Aszú”

96
Q

Aging of Tokaj Aszú?

A

3 yeas prior to release - min. 18 months in barrel

97
Q

Min. Residual sugar and alcohol of Tokay Aszú?

A

Min. 120 g/l
Alcohol content of 9%

98
Q

Esszencia?

A

Also known as Natúresszencia
Super rich, just from small free run juice of the Aszú must.

Ferments very slowly, can take decades to reach 4-6% alcohol
Richer than honey and has at least 450 grams per liter of residual sugar.

Rarely seen commercially

99
Q

Other styles of Tokaj Aszú?

A

• Tokaj Szamorodni (“as it comes”)
Mixture of Aszú and non-Aszú grapes and often oxidative in style - matted in cask minimum of 2 years.
Often under film-forming yeast similar to Flor.
Can be dry (édes) and sweet (száras)

• Forditás and Máslas wines are the product of re-fermenting wine with the pressed paste or spent lees, respectively, of Tokaj Aszú

100
Q

Circle of Mád?

A

A small contingent of producers commuted to elevating the stature of dry wines in the region

101
Q

When did it become prohibited to use the term “Tokaj” or its derivatives (Tokay, Tocai) on labels?

102
Q

How many wines appellations were identified in 2000?

103
Q

EU reform has led to how many qualifying for PDO status?

104
Q

How many PGI areas in Hungary?

105
Q

How many major geographical zones of production are there in Hungary and what are they?

A

3
• North Hungary
• western region of Transdanubia
• southern Great Plain

106
Q

Which major geographical area is Tokaj in?

A

North Hungary

107
Q

Region in Hungary on the south of the Neusiedlersee

108
Q

Wineryof Vega Sicilia

109
Q

Puttonios - how many kilos

110
Q

Barrel for Tokaji

A

Gonzi
136 l

111
Q

Fruit distillate

112
Q

Herbs liqueur

A

Unicum Zwack

113
Q

White wine from Eger

A

Egri Csillag (lit. Eger Star) is a new, cuvée wine made up of a blend of white grape types grown in the Eger region.

114
Q

Oremus grape - parents

A

Furmint + Bouvier

115
Q

Oremus grape =

116
Q

Top wine region of Hungary

A

Nagy Somlo

117
Q

Where is Nagy Somlo

A

In the northwest of Hungary and is the country’s smalles wine region.

118
Q

Top grape of Nagy Somlo

A

Juhfark, with flavors of lemon, smoke, and minerals

119
Q

What are Austria’s main wine regions

A

Niederoserreich, and Wachau/Kremstal\Kamptaal

120
Q

What is the most important region of Austria

A

Niederosterreich

121
Q

What is the best known dry white wine from austria

A

Gruner Veltliner

122
Q

What percentage of wine produced in Austria is red?

A

30 percent of wine in Austria are this color

123
Q

What is the most important red wine in Austria

A

Blaufrankish (aka Lemberger and aka Kekfrankos in Hungary)

124
Q

Can Gruner Veltliner be made in a sweet style

A

Yes but it’s usually dry

125
Q

What happened in 1985 with the Austrian wine industry

A

The Antifreeze scandal of 1985

126
Q

What was the Antifreeze scandal of 1985?

A

In Austria, it was discovered that wineries and brokers wer adding diethylene glycol to wine to make them seem sweeter and more full bodied like lateharvest wines

127
Q

What three - part region near Niederosterreich in Austria is known for producing Gruner Veltliner and Riesling?

A

Wachau/Kamptal/Kremstal

128
Q

What is the most important wine reigion in the southern part of Austria?

A

Burgenland

129
Q

How many acres does the Austrian region of Burgenland have?

A

32,200 acres here in Austria

130
Q

What type of wines if Burgenland famous for?

A

sweet wines and increasingly red wines

131
Q

Where is Burgenland located

A

On the Hungarian border

132
Q

Even farther south than Burgenland, what is another important region of Austria?

A

Sudsteiermark, which is known for S.B., Muscat blanc and Pinot Blanc

133
Q

Where is Sudsteiermark located

A

IN the farsouth of Austria near the Slovenian border.

134
Q

What grape is indigenous to Burgenland in Austria

A

Blauer Zweigelt

135
Q

What is an important wine region of Hungary in its southwestern part?

136
Q

IN Austria, What grape is Blauer Zweigelt related to?

A

Umathum Zwigelt.

137
Q

In Austria, where are sweeter, dessert wines made

A

Around the Neusideler Sea.

138
Q

What wine glass maker is Austrian

139
Q

What type of wine is Sudsteiermark known for?

A

Aromatic, savory wines from Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc), Morillon (chardonnay) and S.B.

140
Q

What wine is Kamptal specifically known for?

A

Gruner Veltline or Riesling in two styles: classic style medium bodies and a rich opulent reserve style.

141
Q

What wine is Kremstal known for in particular?

A

Spicy Gruner Veltline and delicate minerally Riesling

142
Q

what wine is Wachau particularly known for?

A

Gruner Veltline and Riesling, of very high quality.

143
Q

In Burgenland, what are the characteristics of the Blauer Zweigelt wine?

A

powerful, juicy red wine.

144
Q

What percentage of Austrian vineyards are planted with Grune Veltliner?

A

36 percent of vineyards in this country are froml this grape

145
Q

How many wine regions are there in Hungary

A

22 wine producing regions in this country

146
Q

What are the best known wines of Hungary outside of Hungary

A

Tokaji white dessert wine and Bull’s Blood of Eger (Egri Bikaver)

147
Q

What is a top wine region of Hungary

A

Nagy Somlo

148
Q

Where is Nagy Somlo

A

In the northwest of Hungary and is the country’s smalles wine region.

149
Q

What is a top wine of Nagy Somlo?

A

Juhfark, with flavors of lemon, smoke, and minerals

150
Q

What is a second wine region of Hungary

151
Q

What grapes and wines is Villany in Hungary known for?

A

Cab Franch, Cab S., Merlot and Kekfrank, world class structured and elegant, good tannins..

152
Q

What is Egri Bikaver in Hungary

A

Bull’s Blood, badass red blend rich in tannin and spice.

153
Q

What is the required blend of Bull’s Blood-Egri Bikaver

A

at least 50 percent from a native grape, typically Kekfrankos and at least two other grapes.

154
Q

What is Hungary’s most famous wine region

A

Tokaji in the foothills in the far north of the country crossing into Slovakia.

155
Q

What does the Hungary wine terms Aszu mean

A

Botritized.

156
Q

Why is Tokaji in Hungary so well suited to Botrytis wines?

A

It is located in an area with warm long autums and mists from the River Bodrog.

157
Q

How long has wine been important in Greece

A

4000 yearrs

158
Q

Why is Greek wine unique

A

Because there are more than 300 indigenous varieties of grapes

159
Q

What about Greece makes it well suited to grape growing

A

In this country, what do these things mean: moderate climate, plentiful sunshine, low rainfall and soils of moderate fertility

160
Q

Four wine regions of Greece to remember

A

Macedonia, Sterea Ellada, Peloponnese, and Aegean Islands

161
Q

Where are the Aegian Islands

A

southeast of the Greek mainland and east of Peloponnese

162
Q

Where is Peloponnese

A

Southenr part of the Greek mainland

163
Q

Where is Sterea Ellada?

A

In the southeastern part of Greece , includes Athens.

164
Q

Where is Macedonia

A

In th far north of Greece, the largest wine region

165
Q

What describes Macedonia

A

It is one of the finest and oldest wine making regions of Greece.

166
Q

What is a famous AVA in Macedonia

A

Naoussa, one of the first AOCs registered in Greece, producer of full bodies reds made fromm Xinomavro

167
Q

What Greek grape produce fullbodied reds?

168
Q

What makes the Attica are of Sterea Allda famous?

A

This is where Dionysus, God of Wine, introduced

169
Q

Who first referred to Pelopennese

A

Homer who called it full of vines

170
Q

What is the most important AOC of southern Greece that is in Pelopennese

A

Nemea, which produces red wine from Agiorghito grape

171
Q

What is noteworthy about the history of the Aegean Islands in terms of winemaking

A

Rhodes, the legendary island of the knights was one of the first wine producing regions.

172
Q

0What type of trellising system is used for the Assyrtiko grape in the Aegian Islands?

A

A very low to the ground trellis

173
Q

What are the Greek white grapes to rememver

A

Assyrtiko and Moschofilero

174
Q

What are the Greek red grapes to remember

A

Agiorghitiko and Xinomavro

175
Q

Where was Assyrtiko first cultivated

A

Santorini in the Aegean Islands

176
Q

What is noteworthy about Assyrtiko?

A

It produces a white wine that is a fine AOC in the Aegeans that maintains its acidity as it ripens.

177
Q

Where is the Moschofilero grape grown in Greeeece?

A

The AOC region of Mantinia in Pelopennesse

178
Q

What is notable about Moschofilero?

A

Gray skin, produces blanc de gris colored wine.

179
Q

Where does Agiorghito grow in Greece?

A

The AOC region of Nemea in Pelopennese

180
Q

What is notable about Agiorghito?

A

Deep red wine and aromatic complexity, soft tannins.

181
Q

Where does Xinomavro grow in Greece?

182
Q

What is notable about Xinomavro grape?

A

Means “acid black” and is known for superb aging potential.

183
Q

Where does China stand worldwide for wine production and consumption

A

Thhis nation is 10th in wine production and consumption

184
Q

How much of Japan’s wine consumption does it produce itself?

185
Q

Describe Koshu grapes in Japan

A

Wines are straw colored, soft and fruity bouquet with citrus and peach . Tast clean, delicarte and fresh. Grapes are light red to pink.

186
Q

Туран

A

сорт-красильщик
Выведен в Венгрии в 1964

187
Q

Tokaj’s uncrowned king of winemaking

A

István Szepsy

188
Q

6 varieties allowed for Tokaj wine region

A

Furmint
Harslevelu
Muskotaly
Koverszolo
Zeta
Kabar

189
Q

The first system of appellations in Europe

A

Tokaj
1730
1st, 2nd and 3rd growths

190
Q

Oremus

A

Vega Sicilia

191
Q

Which grape variety was called The Unpronounceable in England?

A

Cserszegi Fűszeres

192
Q

Which variety is grown almost exclusively in Badacsony wine region?

A

Kéknyelű

193
Q

Which grape variety has the name meaning “sheep’s tail”?

194
Q

Which grape has leaves similar to that of the linden tree?

A

Hárslevelű

195
Q

Which is the youngest grape of Tokaj wine region (it has been allowed since 2006)?

196
Q

Which winery was the first to make bottle fermented sparkling wine of Furmint?

A

Garamvári

197
Q

Korai Piros Veltelini=

A

Frühroter Veltliner

198
Q

Which is the most widely planted black grape in Hungary

A

Kékfrankos

199
Q

the most widely planted grape in Hungary

A

Olaszrizling

200
Q

Tokaj vineyards rated Great First Growth
2

A

Szarvas
Mezes Maly

201
Q

Tokaj vineyards rated First Class Growth
2

A

Oremus
Disznoko

202
Q

DHC=

A

Districtus Hungaricus Controllatus

203
Q

DHC synonym

A

Védett Eredetű

204
Q

When DHC was created?

205
Q

How many DHC?

A

7

  1. Eger DHC (includes Egri Bikavér DHC and Egri Bikavér Superior DHC)
  2. Debrői Hárslevelű DHC
  3. Villány DHC
  4. Somló DHC (Somló Nászéjszakák bora DHC and Somlói Arany DHC)
  5. Káli Medence DHC
  6. Izsáki Arany Sárfehér DHC
  7. Tokaji DHC
206
Q

Acreage of vineyards in Hungary

Important (30 decks)

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