Portugal Flashcards
Portugal wine classification
DOP = Superior classification (31 in total)
IGP = indication geografica protegida
IPR = eliminated and upgraded to DOP
IG = lower tier of quality ( IGP in EU)
VR = vinhos regional = traditional labelling (min 85% of grapes from stated region)
VINHO DE MESA = table wine
Garrafeira
Vintage-dated DOP or IGP wine
Tinto = min 3 years (1 in bottle)
Branco/Rosado = 1 year ( 6 months in bottle)
14 IGP in Portugal
Minho
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras do Dão
Terras Madeirenses
Terras de Cister
Terras de Beira
Beira Atlantico
Tejo
Açores
Lisboa
Alentejano
Peninsula de Setubal
Algarve
Reserva / gran reserva
0,5% higher alcohol content
Reserva Sparkling traditional method = min 12 months on lees
Colheite selecionada
Min >1% abv than established by regional appellation
Colheite = harvest
Casta
Grape variety
Main red varieties in Portugal
Castelao = full body, tannic, meaty, red fruit
Touriga National = 10% of plantings , used for port, full bodied, structured wines ( DAO)
Jean (mencia) = dao, Douro, alentejo
Aragonez (Tempranillo)
Touriga Franca, alfrocheiro, trincadeira, baga
Main white varieties in Portugal
Fernao Pires ( Maria Gomes in Barriada) = low acidity, neutral, honeyed, prone to oxidation
Encruado (DAO) = elegant , balanced, floral, citrusy // complex, nutty, resinous aromas with age
Arinto = old indigenous grape, lively, mineral
Albariño = vino verde region
Anta vaz = alentejano region
Sercial = used for Madeira , high acid
Minho IGP / Vinho Verde DOP
Share same geographical borders
Extreme north west
Cool, rainy , Atlantic influence climate
Gray rot is an issue = high training = ENFORCADO
granitic soils
Loureiro = most planted white variety
Albariño , trajadura , pederna ( arinto)
DOURO DOP / PORTO DOP
Granite + schist soils / extremely mountainous
Continental climate / hot summer, cold winters / mountains as barrier for humid Atlantic winds
Douro sub-regions
Cima corgo: some of the best red wines
Baixo corgo: highest density
Douro superior:largest, most arid
Main varieties in DOURO/PORTO
Red= tinta roriz, tinta cao, tinta barroca, touriga national, touriga Franca
White: Malvasia fina, viosinho, rabigato, gouveio
DAO DOP
center of Portugal / south of Douro
High altitude = 400-500m
Sheltered from harsh winds
Hot dry growing season, adeguate rainfall in winter
Main variety: TOURIGA NATIONAL + tinta roriz, alfrocheiro
White: encruzado
BAIRRADA DOP:
Milder, rainier climate than DAO
Mainly red wines
BAGA main red variety (thrive in clay soil) , strong colour, high alcohol, flavour
Main white varieties: Maria Gomes, arinto, bical, cerceal
BEIRA ATLANTICO IGP
Sparkling / traditional method / 100% Baga