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Italy Flashcards

1
Q

When was the DOC system introduced ?

When the first DOCG awarded?

A

1963

1st DOCG: 1980

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2
Q

1992 Goria’s law

A

Introduced the IGT category = more relaxed regulation , offering producers wider freedom

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3
Q

The Italian system is based on what model?

A

French AOC system

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4
Q

Where are most of the vineyards in Piedmont?

A

In the foothills south of the Po River, in the province of Asti, Alessandria and Cuneo (Monferrato and Langhe Hills)

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5
Q

Piedmont climate

A

Continental

Alps rain shadow

Autumn hail

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6
Q

Main varieties in Piedmont

A

Nebbiolo : thin skin, high acidity, high alcohol, high tannins

Dolcetto: earliest to ripen, tannic, fruity, lower acidity than Nebbiolo, youthful consumption

Barbera: most planted red grape, high acidity, low tannins

Moscato Bianco: muscat blanc a petit grain , most planted white grape

+ Arneis, Cortese

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7
Q

How many Doc/DOCG in Piedmont?

A

19 DOCG / 41 DOC

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8
Q

Langhe Doc

A

Large area that comprise Barolo and Barbaresco

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9
Q

How many communes in Barolo?

List the most important

A

11 communes

La morra
Barolo
Serralunga d’alba
Monforte d’alba
Castiglione Falletto

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10
Q

Types of soil in Barolo DOCG

A

Tortonian soils: higher proportion of calcareous Marl
(La morra, Barolo = softer style, ruby coloured, faster maturing)

Serravallian Sandstone(Helvetian): red sandstone and quartziferous sand
(Monforte d’alba, Serralunga d’alba, Castiglione Falletto = more structured, garnet colour, higher tannin, slower maturing)

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11
Q

Barolo DOCG aging requirements

A

Barolo normale: 38 months / 18 in oak

Barolo riserva: 62 months

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12
Q

Traditionalist Barolo producers

A

Giacomo Conterno
Bartolo Mascarello
Giuseppe Rinaldi

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13
Q

Modernist Barolo producers

A

Paolo Scavino
Elio Altare
Luciano Sandrone

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14
Q

Meaning of “Bricco/Bric” in Piedmont

A

Vineyard on top of a hill

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15
Q

Meaning of “Sori” in Piedmont

A

South facing slope

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16
Q

Barbaresco DOCG main communes

A

Neive
Treiso
Barbaresco

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17
Q

Style of Barbaresco vs Barolo

A

Lighter in body and more elegant

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18
Q

Barbaresco aging requirements

A

Barbaresco normale: 26 months / 9 in oak

Barbaresco riserva: 50 months

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19
Q

Top barbaresco producers

A

Bruno Giacosa, Angelo Gaja, produttori del Barbaresco

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20
Q

Barolo Chinato

A

Fortified aromatic Barolo = digestif
Min 16.5% abv
Quinine + rhubarb + gentian root + cardamom + sugar
12 months cask aging

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21
Q

Roero DOCG

A

North West Bank of the Tanaro River / opposite Barolo and Barbaresco
95% Nebbiolo + Arneis
Sandi soils / lighter styles of Barolo and barbaresco

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22
Q

Gattinara DOCG / Ghemme DOCG

A

Hills north of the Po river
99% Nebbiolo + vespolina , Bonarda
Lighter / higher acidity

Nebbiolo = SPANNA

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23
Q

Barbera DOCG

A

Barbera d’asti: 4 months aging (normale)

Barbera d’alba

Barbera del Monferrato : 14 months aging / 6 in oak (must be Superiore)

Dry / high acidity / low tannin / sometimes off dry

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24
Q

Appellations for Dolcetto

A

Dolcetto di Ovadia superiore DOCG
Dogliani docg
Diano d’alba docg

Easy drinking light red
12 months aging / 6 in wood

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25
Gavi / cortese di gavi DOCG
Cortese grape Still / frizzante / spumante
26
Asti DOCG / Moscato d’asti DOCG
Largest producer in Italy / 650000 hl per year Muscat blanc / charmat method (Martinotti) / 1 single fermentation/ no lees character / only primary fruit flavours Frizzante / 4.5 -6.5% abv / slightly sweet
27
Alta Langa DOCG
Pinot Noir / Chardonnay Traditional method 30 months on lees 36 months (riserva)
28
Bracchetto d’acqui DOCG
Light / alcoholic / sweet / effervescent / red dessert wine 2nd fermentation in bottle or tank for 1 month Min 6% abv // 11% for passito
29
Franciacorta DOCG
DOCG since 1995 / production dates back to 1570 First modern Italian sparkling : Berlucchi 1960 Chardonnay + Pinot noir + max 50% Pinot blanc
30
Franciacorta styles and aging
Non vintage : 18 months on lees Riserva : min 5 years on lees Saten: blanc de blanc / lower pressure Rose : min 35% Pinot noir / blending rather than saignee method Millesimato: vintage / not released until after the 37th month / 85% of the grapes must be from stated vintage
31
Oltrepo’ Pavese metodo classico DOCG
Extreme southwest of Lombardy White and rose : Pinot noir , Pinot Gris , Pinot blanc , Chardonnay
32
Valtellina superiore
North of Franciacorta Red wine region of Lombardy Nebbiolo grape ( Chiavennasca) 24 months aging / 12 in oak Riserva = 3 years
33
Moscato di Scanzo DOCG
Surround Bergamo / west of Franciacorta Sweet passito red wine Min 2 years aging
34
Romagna albana DOCG
Italys first white wine DOCG Albana grape / all styles / passito most famous
35
Colli bolognesi pignoletto DOCG
Since 2011 Grechetto grape Tart, dry white wine
36
Trentino Alto Adige grape varieties
Chardonnay / Pinot bianco / Pinot Grigio / muller thurgau / Sauvignon blanc
37
What’s the largest producing region in Italy?
Veneto
38
Bardolino Doc
Light / fruity / light red , Rose Corvina , corvinone, rondinella, Molinara Superiore / superiore classico = 12 months aging ( must come from Classico region)
39
Conegliano baldobbiadene prosecco superiore DOCG
Min 85% Glera grapes from 15 communes Conegliano valdobbiadene = south facing slopes Min 11% abv / dry , off dry
40
Cartizze DOCG
Sub-region of Valdobbiadene 5 communes / 107ha Best example of charmat method
41
Soave doc
Soave doc = Europe’s largest vineyard Dry white wine 70% Garganega + Trebbiano di soave (verdicchio) Min 10.5%
42
Soave superiore DOCG
70% graganega + max 30% Pinot blanc , Chardonnay , trebbiano Aging min 6 months Riserva = min 1 year aging Min 12%
43
Recioto di Soave
Grapes dried for 4-6 months Barrel fermentation Noble rot encouraged
44
Valpolicella
Corvina + rondinella (+ max 15% molinara, oseleta, negrara) Superiore = rounder / higher min alcohol / min 1 year aging Classico = western end of the appellation , near lake Garda , hills
45
Amarone della valpolicella DOCG
From the delimited Classico region 40% must of the potential harvest Corvina + corvinone + rondinella Dried grapes for 3 months 2 years aging / 4 years for riserva Min 14%
46
Recioto fell valpolicella DOCG
Dried grapes between 3 weeks and 3 months Wine matured in slavonian oak for a min of 2 years
47
Ripasso (valpolicella)
Adding Valpolicella to the lees/skins left from Recioto or amarone allowing a 2nd fermentation Adds strength and flavour / increase alcohol (min 12.5% abv)
48
Friuli Venezia Giulia DOCG’s
Colli orientali del Friuli picolit DOCG: Schioppettino / piccolit Ramandolo DOCG Sweet wines = 100% passito Verduzzo friulano grapes
49
Tuscany climate
Dry Mediterranean / harsh winters / hot long summers Variety of mesoclimates and soils
50
Chianti DOCG
Established in 1932 DOCG Since 1984 Recipe for chianti doc (1996) = min 70% Sangiovese
51
Sub zones of chianti DOCG
Classico Rufina Montalbano Montespertoli Colline pisane Colli aretini Colli fiorentini Colli senesi
52
Chianti DOCG aging
Normale = 1 year Riserva = 2 years Superiore = +0.5% abv / lower yealds
53
Chianti classico DOCG
Delimited area inside chianti DOCG Min 80% sangiovese Sandstone + marl predominant soils 12% abv min alcohol Riserva = min 24 months aging + 3 months in bottle / 12.5% abv Gran selezione = min 30 months aging + 3 in bottle / 13% abv Radda Castellina Gaiole Greve
54
Brunello di montalcino docg
100% brunello = sangiovese clone 4 years aging total / 2 in wood / 4 months in bottle / not released until 5 years after harvest Riserva = 5 years aging / 2 in wood / 6 months in bottle / not released until 6 years after harvest
55
Vino nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
One fo the first DOCG, 1980 (with brunello di Montalcino) 70% sangiovese + Tuscan varieties Min 2 years aging / at least 1 year in wood Less firm than chianti, less tannic than brunello / softer Riserva: min 3 years aging
56
Morellino di scansano DOCG
South west of Tuscany Min 85% Sangiovese Riserva : 2 years aging
57
Carmignano docg
Tuscany min 50% sangiovese / low altitude / overlap with Chianti Montalbano / 20 month aging / 8 months barrel
58
Vernaccia di san Gimignano
Tuscany white wine / Vernaccia grape / 3 months bottle aging
59
Bolgheri doc
allows Bordeaux blends 1968 1st vintage Sassicaia 1971 1st vintage Tignanello (Antinori)
60
Landlocked region in the center of Italy
Umbria
61
Sagrantino di Montefalco Docg
Umbria / 100% sagrantino high alcohol / high tannins
62
Torgiano rosso riserva docg
Umbria 70-100% sangiovese
63
Castelli di jesi verdicchio riserva docg
Marche min 85% verdicchio + trebbiano
64
Conero riserva docg
Marche 85% montepulciano + sangiovese
65
Vernaccia di Serrapatrona docg
Marche dry, semi-sweet, sweet red sparkling 85% Vernaccia Nera grapes (40%passito grapes)
66
Offida Docg
Marche Red = montepulciano White = pecorino / passerina
67
Verdicchio di Matelica Docg
Marche Verdicchio
68
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Docg
Abruzzo Montepulciano grape Since 2003
69
Trebbiano d'Abruzzo DOC
Abruzzo trebbiano d'Abruzzo = Bombino
70
Castelli Romani DOC
Lazio larger white wine appellation trebbiano + Malvasia
71
Frascati superiore Docg
Lazio Malvasia
72
Cannellino di Frascati Docg
Lazio Malvasia + local grapes
73
Cesanese del Piglio DOCG
Lazio Cesanese di Affile grapes
74
Taurasi Docg
Aglianico
75
Aglianico del taburno Docg
Aglianico (red / rose')
76
Fiano di Avellino Docg
Fiano
77
Greco di Tufo Docg
Greco
78
Falanghina del Sannio Docg
Falanghina
79
Castel del monte rosso riserva Docg / Castel del monte nero riserva docg
Nero di Troia
80
Castel del monte Bombino riserva docg
rose'
81
most cultivated grape variety in Puglia
Negroamaro
82
Salice Salentino Doc
Negroamaro
83
Primitivo di Manduria Doc
Primitivo
84
Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale Docg
sweet wine from primitivo grapes
85
Aglianico del Volture docg
Basilicata / Aglianico grape
86
most widely planted grape in Sicily
Catarratto / used for Marsala
87
Etna doc
Nerello Mascalese / Nerello Cappuccio / Carricante / Frappato
88
Cerasuolo di Vittoria Docg
Nero d'Avola (similar to Syrah)
89
Other grape varieties in Sicily
Grecanico / Zibibbo / Grillo / Inzolia
90
Vermentino di Gallura Docg
Sardegna Vermentino
91
Cannonau di Sardegna Doc
Cannonau = Grenache
92
Synonims for Nebbiolo
Valle d'Aosta = Picotendro Valtellina = Chiavennasca Ghemme/Gattinara = Spanna
93
Barrique for Vin Santo
Caratello

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