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2020 CSW > Portugal > Flashcards

Portugal Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three climates of Portugal?

A

Maritime - coastal northern influenced by the Atlantic
Mediterranean - costal south warmer, less rain
Continental- patch work of mountains, interior is arid

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2
Q

Portugal’s most common red variety is

A

Castelao - leading red grape

  • predominantly planted in the south
  • age worthy, comblex, herbaceous or produced fruit froward easy drinking red & rose
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3
Q

What are three grape varieties are used in Port and also unfortified red wines?

A

Touriga National- frim structure and black fruit
Touriga Franc - floral, blackberry, plum
Tinta Roriz - (Temprianillo) red fruit, olive, herbal

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4
Q

What Portugese red variety is extremely tannic?

A

Baga
often aged in older barrels
age worthy robust with plum and tobacco notes

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5
Q

The white varieties of Vinho Verde are

A

Loureiro and Alvarinho

In Spain known as Loureia and Albarino

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6
Q

What are the white “noble” grapes of Madeira?

A

Sercial,
Verdelho,
Bual,
Malvasia (Mamsey)

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7
Q

Vinho Verde produces white, rose and red wines. T or F

A

True

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8
Q

What are the three subregions of The Douro Valley?

A

Biaxo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior

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9
Q

What are the five preferred grapes for port?

A 
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo)
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Cao
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10
Q

What are the predominant grape varieties for white port?

A

Malvasia Fina

Gouveio

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11
Q

The DOC for Port in the Douro Valley has a unique and complex vineyard ranking system called the

A

cadastro

altitude — yield —-locality
awarding / subtracting points to arrive a final score

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12
Q

Based on the Cadastro system, vineyards are ranked from ____ to _____.

A

A (high) to F (low)

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13
Q

The beneficio refers to what?

A

The volume of Port that a vineyard is allowed to produce.

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14
Q

Quinta means

A

estate or vineyard.

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15
Q

List the styles of Port

A 
Ruby      ----      Reserve
LBV            ---   Tawny
Vintage       ----   Single Quinta
Colheita            ---- White 
Rose
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16
Q

Port is fortified before, during or after the fermentation process?

A

During

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17
Q

The basic style of Port is

A

Ruby

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18
Q

What’s the difference between a Vintage Port and a LBV Port

A

Both are from a single vintage,
LBV is filtered before bottling and ready to be consumed upon release.
Vintage- approved by Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto & can age in bottle for decades

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19
Q

What is a Colheita Port?

A

A single vintage tawny Port aged in cask for at least 7 years.

20
Q

Which style port if made in both off-dry and sweet styles and served as a aperitif?

A

White Port

21
Q

Portugal’s two most famous fortified wines are

A

Port and Madiera

22
Q

The term used to describe Madiera’s “cooking” process is

A

maderization

23
Q

Vineyards in Madiera are irrigated via

A

levadas (canals)

24
Q

What are the two main ways to maderize Madiera wines?

A

Canteiro Method

Estufagem Process

25
Q

What is an estufa?

A

A steel vat

26
Q

What are cantieros?

A

Rafters

27
Q

What is the benefit for each of the estufagem methods?

A

Cuba de calor- benefit is that is less expensive

Armazem de calor - benefit it takes less time.

28
Q

List the classic styles of Madiera from driest to sweetest?

A

Sercial- extra dry or dry, highly acidic, apertiff
Verdelho- off dry or medium dry, honeyed, smoky
Bual- sweet, raisiny, medium rich, highly aromatic
Malmsey- very sweet, somewhat soft, very rich

29
Q

The finest Ports are considered to be from what subregion of the Douro DOC?

A

Cima Corgo

30
Q

what is the lowest classification level in Portugal?

A

Vinho- which is base wine

represents about 1/4 of production

31
Q

What is the PGI level called in Portugal classification?

A

PGI really is Indicacao Geografica Protegida or Vinho Regional
accounts for about 1/4 of production
14 registered regions

32
Q

name the highest classification of Portuguese wine?

A

DOC- Donominaco de origem controlada
for which there are 31 DOCs
PDO- Denominacao de Origem Protegida

33
Q

describe Vinho Verde?

A 
Petillant, mineral tart
low abv - 8.5%
high acid
fresh citrus character
White: Alvarinho or Loureiro  - MLF discouraged 
Red: Vinhao  and MLF encouraged
34
Q

The Douro was defined in what year

A

1756

35
Q

Baxio Corgo?

A

western most region of the Douro
fertile, ample rainfall
lighter styles port

36
Q

Cima Corgo

A

center Douro region
steep rocky slopes, shist and granite that has to be terraced
produce the finest ports
majority of the vineyards and production here

37
Q

Douro Superior

A

Eastern region of Douro
more extreme temperature than other 2 regions
largest physical but less than 1/4 under vine
produces much of the unfortified

38
Q

open granite or concreate troughs for foot crushing grapes are called?

A

Lagares

-done to quickly impart color into juice with out imparting tannins

39
Q

Port is fortified to

A

19 to 22% with a neutral grape spirit

40
Q

Port was placed into barrels called ___ in flat bottom boats called ____ to where? and why?

A

Pipes
Baroco Rabelos
Oporto and or Vila Nova de Gaia
- high humidity and cooler temperatures, minimal evaporation or maderization

41
Q

describe a Reserve port?

A

Premium ruby Ports bottles after 4 to 6 years aging

-are more like tawny in style

42
Q

Late bottle Vintage LBV?

A

single vintage
aged 4-6 years
filtered before bottling
intended to be consumed upon release

43
Q

Tawny?

A

oxidized from ruby to golden brown
Reserve at least for 7 years
those with age (10, 20, 30) state age is average

44
Q

Vintage port

A

single year’s harvest
declared by producer but approved by IVDP
must be bottle 3rd year after harvest, and continue aging in bottle for decades
reflective of growing conditions

45
Q

Colheita Port

A

single vintage tawny port
age 7 years in cask
typically much longer
very few vintner product this style

46
Q

Geography and climate of Maderia?

A

400 miles off the coast of Morocco
small volcanic island , 1,830 M above sea level
vines planted on steep, terraced slopes
mild subtropical, little variation in temp
levadas- system of irrigation, system of canals

47
Q

list the styles of Maderia?

A

Rainwater- off dry, 3 years old
Reserve- between 5 and 10 years old
Special Reserve - between 10 and 15 years old
Extra Reserve- between 15 and 20 years old
Age Indication- 20 years, 30 or 40
Colheita- produced from single vintage 85% aged for at least 5 years
Frasqueira- 20 y min, 85% state vintage, topped off with younger wine while ageing

2020 CSW (35 decks)

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