Hungary, Croatia, Switzerland, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Georgia, Crimea Flashcards
What is the most famous wine from Hungary?
Tokaji Aszu
made for Furmint
The town in the northeast of Hungary known for it’s sweet dessert wines is
Tokaj PDO
What is the name of a dry red wine from Hungary?
Bikaver or Bull’s Blood
Kadarka grapes blended with other red varietals
Blaufrankich, Portugieser, Cab sauv, Franc, Merlot, Menoire, Pinot NOir, Syrah Blauburger, and Sweigelt
What are the grapes used in Tokaji?
Furmint - primary
Harslevelu — primary
Kabar, Koverszolo Sargamuskotally (muscat)
Botrytis affected grapes in Hungary are called
aszu
The stylistic term determined by the concentration of sugar in Tokaji is
puttonyo
Wine from the Tokaji region made from the free run juice of the sweetest, most botrytized and had selected berries is called
Eszencia
45% RS and often takes years to ferment to a content of 5% to 6% ABV
Describe how Aszu is used?
- grapes are mashed into a thick paste
- then mixed with a normally fermented base wine for a day or two
- wine absorbs the sugar and added flavors of the _____
- wine is racked and aged in small casks for a few years in underground tunnels
- fil forming yeast (similar to flor in Sherry) develops
Croatia’s indigenous grape Crljenak Kastelanski is the predecessor of what variety that was taken to the United States and renamed? and in Italy?
Zinfindel, Primativo
also know as Tribidrag
Besides Grasevina, what other white grapes grow in Croatia?
Malvasia Bogdanusa Sauv Blanc Pinot Gris Chardonnay
Red grapes from Croatia ?
Frankovka (blaufrankish) teran Plavic mali Crljenak Kastelanski Cab sauv merlot
Two broad wine regions in Croatia
Coastal regions
Inland regions- Kontinentalna Hrvatka
-separated by the Dinaric Alps
Primorska Hrvatska
the western, costal wine region of Croatia
330 miles of coast line with islands and inlets
-climate is med with Maritime influences
Most widely known Croatian white grape?
Grasevina also known as Welschriesling
accounts for 2/3 production
Switzerland demand for wine?
-small producer with little exports
-domestic ___ is 3x production volume
exchange rate prohibitive to export
Wine governing body in Switzerland?
OIC - French Organisme Intercantonal de Certification
German- Interkantonale Zertifizierungsstelle
Italian- Organismo Intercantonale di Certificazione
describe the wine governing body in Switzerland?
OIC is similar to the French AOC system
-implemented in the 1990s
appellations specify grape varieties, some specify winemaking and styles
-largely overseen by cantons (states)
Primary production wine regions of Switzerland?
-French speaking part along the norhtern side of Lake Geneva
and the Valais
-Rhone River goes through Lake Geneva flowing westward
The white grape Chasselas is also known as ____ in Switzerland.
Fendant
leading red grapes in Switzerland?
Pinot noir
Gamay
Merlot
for the bulk of the 20th century, Romania had been producing what for whom?
bulk wine to send east to the Soviet Union
2007 entry into EU-
after better investment & expertise
became easier to access Western markets
Describe what kind of climate does Romania experience?
continental -moderated by Black Sea, Danube River, and Carpathian Mountains
oldest appellation in Romania?
Tarnave DOC- in center of country surrounded by Carpathian Mts
know for sweet wines
typical grapes found in Romania?
unusual blends of French and Romanian
name Romania white varietals?
Feteasca Alba and Feteasca Regala
Muscat, Aligote, Sauv Blanc
name Romania red varietals?
Pinot Noir
Feteasca Neagra- flagship red in country
Highlights of Bulgarian wine history?
- long time wine production
- 1970-1980s leading producer / exporter in volume
- Political forces halted growth
- 1990s transformation to democracy
- 2007 became member of EU in 2007
General climate of Bulgaria?
eastern portion of the Balkan Peninsula
diverse topography
-temperate continental climate -hot summer/ cold winter
Danube River on north -low land of the Danube plains
-highlands in south
-Black Sea on east
Main red grapes in Bulgaria?
Cab sauv, merlot, syrah, Pinot Noir, Zin Mavrud Rubin (cross Nebbiolo x syrah) Gamza Melnik- Struma Valley
Main white grapes in Bulgaria?
Rkatsiteli Dimiat Misket Cheven Chardonnay Suav Blanc riesling viognier
Countries that border Slovenia?
some Adriatic ses/ med coast -Italy to west Austria to north Croatia to south Hungary to notheast
Slovenia Appellation system?
EU member since 2004.
PDO = Zasciteno oznacbo porekla (ZOP)
14 defined ZOPs, as well as several within the ZOPs
larger are the 3 defined PGI regions
Name for Slovenia PGI regions equivalent?
known as zasciteno geografsko oznacbo (ZGO)
Name the three ZGO Regions of Slovenia?
Podravje- East side, largest, 1/2 of production
Primorska: West side across Adriatic from Venice, share border with Friuli
Posavje: southeast side border with Croatia (smallest old fashion regions)
Leading white grapes in Slovenia?
Riesing Gewurztraminer muller thurgau pinot gris sauv blanc chardonnay
Leading red grapes in Slovenia?
cab sauv merlot St Laurent pinot noir refosco
large egg shaped earthen ware vessels used to age wine in Georgia?
Kvevris or Qvevri
Highlights of Wine history in Georgia?
1991 independent state
1996 open trade relations, no official EU status
1998 Constitution of Georgia contains Law of Georgia on Wine and Vine
-laws specify winmaking Zones recognized by EU
also specification on viticluture, style, approved varitals
Describe grapes in Georgia?
both wild and industrial
led to over 500 identifiable indigenous varietals
90% production made from indigenous
only about 35 are used for commercial production
iconic grape found in Georgia?
White: Rkatsiteli –light, floral, crisp
Red: Saperavi high ABV with good ageing potential
Where is Crimea?
peninsula that extends into the Black Sea
former Soviet Union
wine production started in 1878 with Novy Svet Winery known for sparkling wine
Name for Soviet Champagne?
Sovetskoye Shampanskoye
Crimean Peninsula- largest wine supplier in the USSR
Etalita?
fortified wine produced in Crimea
