polar, water, solutions - 3

Question 1

if a molecule is polar

Answer 1

there is a slight charge to the molecule

Question 2

nonpolar molecules

Answer 2

no charge

Question 3

charge of an oxygen atom

Answer 3

partially negative

Question 4

charge of a hydrogen atom

Answer 4

partially positive

Question 5

when atoms have the same charges, what happens?

Answer 5

they repel

Question 6

hydrogen is attracted to oxygen because

Answer 6

they have opposite charges

Question 7

what kind of bonds form between two adjacent water molecules that gives water it’s stickiness property?

Answer 7

hydrogen bonds

Question 8

polar molecule

Answer 8

A molecule that has an uneven charge distribution

Question 9

hydrogen bonds

Answer 9

A negatively charged water can attach to a positively charged hydrogen, which causes hydrogen bonds.

Question 10

ion

Answer 10

A neutral atom that both loses and gains electrons.

Question 11

hydrophilic

Answer 11

Things that can dissolve in water. They can go into the solution.

Question 12

hydrophobic

Answer 12

Things that can’t dissolve in water. They always move away from it and separate. Like oil and water.

Question 13

solution

Answer 13

All components are evenly distributed. Has a solute and a solvent.

Question 14

solute

Answer 14

Substance that’s dissolving

Question 15

solvent

Answer 15

The thing the substance is being dissolved in

Question 16

polarity of the water molecule

Answer 16

Water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen. Since oxygen has 8 protons, whereas hydrogen only has 1, the pull the protons on the oxygen side are greater than the ones on the hydrogen side. This means that more electrons will be on one side than the other. Therefore, oxygen side has a negative charge, while hydrogen side has a positive charge. This polarity leads to water being able to form many hydrogen bonds. Negatively charged side of water molecule will attract to the positively charged side of another, creating a hydrogen bond. This gives water the property of cohesion, which is the property of molecules sticking together.

Question 17

adhesion

Answer 17

Attraction between molecules of a different substance

ex. water molecules stick to surface of other substances

Question 18

cohesion

Answer 18

when molecules (of the same substance) stick to each other

Question 19

universal solvent

Answer 19

A solvent that can dissolve both ionic compounds and other polar molecules. The things being dissolved are the solutes. The thing that’s dissolving them is the solvent. Those two work together to form a solution.

Question 20

What type of bonds are found between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that form the water molecule? How do they differ from hydrogen bonds? Would these bonds be easier or harder to break?

Answer 20

Hydrogen and oxygen bonds that form the water molecule are called covalent bonds. They’re different from hydrogen bonds because covalent bonds are the sharing of electrons between atoms, whereas hydrogen bonds are just when a side of a molecule is attracted to another side of a molecule, which has the opposite charge. These would be harder to break because these electrons are paired to both atoms while bonding, which causing more energy to break than hydrogen bonds, which don’t involve electron exchange.