Macromolecules, Enzymes, and Digestion - 3

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

• short-term energy storage
• chemical formula of C(H2O) in a 1:2:1 ratio
• monosaccharides → disaccharides and polysaccharides
• polysaccharides: starch vs. glycogen vs. cellulose

Question 2

Lipids

Answer 2

• long-term energy storage (and more concentrated energy)
• hydrophobic
• C, H, O
• glycerol + 3 fatty acids → triglycerides

Question 3

Proteins

Answer 3

• animal structures and enzymes
• C, H, O, N
• amino acids → proteins
• shapes of proteins: Primary → Quaternary Structure

Question 4

Enzymes

Answer 4

• proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living things
• role of enzyme, active site, substrate, products, denature
• effect of enzyme/substrate concentration
• temperature and pH can decrease/increase enzyme activity