Mendelian Genetics - 4

Question 1

gametes

Answer 1

reproductive cells

Question 2

fertilization

Answer 2

reproductive cells join in this process during sexual reproduction

Question 3

traits

Answer 3

specific characteristics of an individual

Question 4

In a dihybrid cross, when both parents are heterozygous, the expected phenotypic ratio for the offspring is

Answer 4

9:3:3:1

9/16 would look exactly like their parents

Question 5

genes

Answer 5

passed from 1 generation to teh next. Determine individual characteristics

Question 6

alleles

Answer 6

different forms of a gene

Question 7

genotype

Answer 7

how alleles are combined
ex. PP
capital letter always comes first

Question 8

phenotype

Answer 8

physical characteristics that describes how the organism looks

Question 9

homozygous

Answer 9

same alleles
ex. pp or PP

Question 10

heterozygous

Answer 10

different alleles
ex. Pp

Question 11

dominant allele

Answer 11

when present,only dominant trait will be seen
the capital letter

Question 12

recessive allele

Answer 12

trait only visible when there’s no dominant allele present

Question 13

meiosis

Answer 13

gamete formation
alleles seperate when homolgous pairs are seperated during meiosis

Question 14

Mendel’s law of segregation

Answer 14

2 alleles coded for teh same trait will seperate during gamete formation, so taht each gamete gets a single copy of each gene

Question 15

homozygous dominant

Answer 15

PP, dominant phenotype expressed

Question 16

heterozygous

Answer 16

Pp dominant phenotype exptressed bc the dominant allele masks the recessive

Question 17

homozygous recessive

Answer 17

pp recessive phenotype expressed

Question 18

principle of dominance

Answer 18

some alleles are dominant, some recessive

Question 19

Mendel’s first conclusion

Answer 19

traits are inheroted as discrete units known as genes

Question 20

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer 20

The allele of a gamete received for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene